Engineering:List of fuel cell vehicles

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What follows is an incomplete list of fuel cell vehicles, which use a fuel cell to power an electric drive system.

Cars

Current

Model Production Comments
Toyota Mirai 2015–present Marketed mainly in Japan, California , and Europe. (As of November 2021), global sales topped 17,600 units since inception.[1]
Hyundai Nexo 2018–present Marketed in South Korea, California, and Europe.

Discontinued

  • 2002 - Toyota FCHV — World's first government-certified commercial fuel cell vehicles. Leased in the United States and Japan.[2][3][4]
  • 2002 - Honda FCX — World's first government-certified commercial fuel cell vehicles. Leased in the United States and Japan.[2][3][4]
  • 2003 - Ford Focus FCV — Initially planned to be leased across 50 states, it was eventually only leased in California, Florida and Canada.[citation needed]
  • 2003 - Nissan X-Trail FCV 04 — Leased to businesses and government entities in Japan and California.[5][6]
  • 2005 - Mercedes-Benz F-Cell (A-Class based) — 100 leased around the world.[7]
  • 2007 - Chevrolet Equinox FC — Leased in California and New York.
  • 2008 - Toyota FCHV-add — Leased in the United States and Japan.[8][9]
  • 2008 - Honda FCX Clarity — Leased in the United States, Europe and Japan.
  • 2010 - Mercedes-Benz F-Cell (B-Class based) — Leased in southern California.[10]
  • 2014 - Hyundai ix35 FCEV — Leased in South Korea, California, Europe and Vancouver (sometimes referred to as the "Tucson").
  • 2016 - Honda Clarity — Marketed in Japan, Southern California, Europe.[11][12] Total sales 1,900 vehicles.[13]

Test vehicles and pre-production

Demonstration fleets

Concept

  • 2008 - FYK Aetek AS
  • 2009 - Audi Q5 FCEV[25]
  • 2014 - Audi A7 h-tron quattro powered by Ballard Power Systems
  • 2010 - Chang'an Z-SHINE FCV
  • 1966 - GM Electrovan
  • 2002 - GM HyWire
  • 2005 - GM Sequel[33]
  • 1999–2001 - Honda FCX - FCXV1/FCXV2/FCXV3/FCXV4[35]
  • 2002–2003 - Honda FCX powered by Ballard Power Systems - 2002 FCX and 2003 FCX[35]
  • 2005 - Morgan LIFEcar
  • 2012 - Nissan TeRRA[41]
  • 2008 - Ronn Motor Scorpion
  • 1997 - Toyota FCHV-1
  • 1999 - Toyota FCHV-2
  • 2003 - Toyota Fine-S
  • 2003 - Toyota Fine-N
  • 2005 - Toyota Fine-T
  • 2005 - Toyota Fine-X
  • 2014 - Toyota FCV

Light commercial van

Production

Trains

Debut of the Alstom Coradia iLint at InnoTrans 2016
Main page: Engineering:Hydrail
  • 2008 - NE Train
  • 2009 - Vehicle Projects HH20B
  • 2012 - University of Birmingham - Hydrogen Pioneer fuel cell locomotive[51][52]
  • 2015 - Prototype fuel cell powered tram demonstrated by CSR Sifang Co Ltd.[53][54][55]
  • 2017 - Tangshan - CRRC TRC developed the world's first commercial fuel cell hybrid tram and completed its first test run on Nanhu industrial tourism demonstration operation in 2017.[56]
  • 2018 - Alstom - Coradia iLint is the world's only fuel cell passenger train which is put in commercial operation in November 2018.[57][58][59]
  • 2022 - Pesa - SM42-6DN

Trucks

Production

Demonstration fleets

Concept

Nikola Motor Company:

  • Nikola One
  • Nikola Two
  • Nicola Tre

Buses

Production

Hyundai's ELEC-CITY Fuel cell electric bus in Seoul, Korea
  • 2018 – Toyota Sora
  • 2020 – Hyundai Elec City FCEV bus[65][66][67]
  • 2021 – Solaris Urbino 12 hydrogen
  • 2023 – NesoBus
  • 2023 – Autosan Sancity 12 LFH

Demonstration fleets

  • 2018 - Sunwin SWB6128FCEV01 (seating capacity 18–24)[68][69]

Concept

  • Mercedes-Benz Citaro fuel cell bus
  • Minibus A50 16 seats [70]
  • Ford E350 fuel cell shuttle bus
  • New Flyer H40LFR
  • Solaris Trollino 18,75 H2
  • Tata Starbus fuel cell[73]
  • Tribid Bus
  • A300L[75]
  • Van Hool A330 FC (de)
  • Phileas
  • Wright Pulsar

Motorcycles

Yamaha:

  • 2005 - Yamaha FC-me

Ships

  • 2000 - Hydra
  • 2003 - Duffy-Herreshoff watertaxi
  • 2003 - Yacht No. 1
  • 2004 - DeepC
  • 2004 - Yacht XV 1
  • 2004 - Hydrogen challenger
  • 2006 - Xperiance
  • 2007 - Tuckerboot
  • 2007 - Canal boat
  • 2008 - Zemships
  • 2017 - Energy Observer[76]
Submarines

Aircraft

In 2008, The Boeing Fuel Cell Demonstrator achieved straight-level flight on a crewed mission powered by a hydrogen fuel cell.
  • 2008 - Aircraft, Boeing[77]
  • 2015 - Drone, Intelligent Energy, UK tested successfully Drones with Hydrogen fuel cell engine.[78]
  • 2016 - HY4 is the first passenger aircraft in Germany.[79]

Racing vehicles

  • 2008 - Element One - fuel cell vehicle - an American fuel cell-powered race vehicle built for the 2008 Formula Zero Championship, the world's first hydrogen race series.
  • 2008 - Zero Emission Racing Team - fuel cell vehicle - Belgian team for Formula Zero Racing series.
  • 2008 - Forze I - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for Formula Zero Racing series.
  • 2009 - Forze II - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for Formula Zero Racing series.
  • 2009 - Buckeye Bullet 2 - fuel cell vehicle - American team for land speed records.
  • 2010 - Forze III - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for Formula Zero Racing series.
  • 2011 - Forze IV - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for Formula Student competition.
  • 2012 - Forze V - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for Formula Student competition.
  • 2013 - Concept GreenGT H2 - fuel cell vehicle - French team for 24h of Le Mans.
  • 2013 - Concept Forze VI - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch team for CCRC Competition.
  • 2016 - Forze VII - fuel cell vehicle - Dutch studentteam which competes against petrol powered cars with a LMP3.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Sales, Production, and Export Results for November 2021 | Sales, Production, and Export Results | Profile | Company". Japan. 24 December 2021. https://global.toyota/en/company/profile/production-sales-figures/202111.html. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Toyota to lease fuel-cell cars to state". The Japan Times. 19 November 2002. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2002/11/19/business/toyota-to-lease-fuel-cell-cars-to-state/. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "First Honda FCX Fuel Cell Vehicles Delivered on Same Day in Japan and the U.S.". Honda. 3 December 2002. https://global.honda/newsroom/news/2002/4021203-fcx-eng.html. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Hydrogen-powered Honda achieves world first". The Japan Times. 26 July 2002. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2002/07/26/business/hydrogen-powered-honda-achieves-world-first/#.XDN1-XZ_q3A. 
  5. ↑ "NISSAN | Zero-Emission Mobility Enhancement | Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles". http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/ENVIRONMENT/CAR/FUEL_BATTERY/DEVELOPMENT/FCV/. 
  6. ↑ "NISSAN | Nissan Announces First Fuel Cell Vehicle Lease in North America; "Coca-Cola Zero®" X-TRAIL FCV Promotes Zero Emissions". http://www.nissan-global.com/EN/NEWS/2009/_STORY/091124-01-e.html. 
  7. ↑ "Mercedes Benz A-Class F-Cell vehicle to visit London | Easier". http://www.easier.com/5440-mercedes-benz-a-class-f-cell-vehicle-to-visit-london.html. 
  8. ↑ "Toyota to Begin Leasing Advanced Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle". Toyota. 29 August 2008. http://www2.toyota.co.jp/en/news/08/0829.html. 
  9. ↑ "Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle-Advanced". Toyota.com/esq/. 2010-02-26. http://www.toyota.com/esq/articles/2010/FCHV_ADV.html. 
  10. ↑ "Compare Fuel Cell Vehicles Side-by-Side". http://fueleconomy.gov/feg/fcv_sbs.shtml. 
  11. ↑ "Six Honda Clarity Fuel Cells Delivered to Support EU's HyFIVE initiative". http://www.hybridcars.com/six-honda-clarity-fuel-cells-delivered-to-support-eus-hyfive-initiative/. 
  12. ↑ "Honda Delivers First Clarity Fuel Cell Sedan In Japan". http://insideevs.com/honda-delivers-first-clarity-fuel-cell-sedan-in-japan. 
  13. ↑ "Honda discontinues fuel cell car Clarity on weak demand". June 16, 2021. https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Automobiles/Honda-discontinues-fuel-cell-car-Clarity-on-weak-demand. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 "11 early Toyota hydrogen fuel cell concepts". Toyota (GB) PLC.. 4 November 2014. https://mag.toyota.co.uk/11-toyota-fuel-cell-concepts/. 
  15. ↑ "Lotus Engineering Zero Emissions Black Cab (2010) | H2-Mobility". netinform. http://www.netinform.net/H2/H2Mobility/Default.aspx?ID=477&CATID=0. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
  16. ↑ "Hyundai Motor Company unveils fuel cell-powered Santa Fe SUV at grand opening of California fuel cell partnership". HyundaiUSA. https://www.hyundainews.com/en-us/releases/1008. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  17. ↑ "Audi A2H2 Car". Hydrogen Cars Now. 2015. https://www.hydrogencarsnow.com/index.php/audi-a2h2/. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  18. ↑ "GM HydroGen4, Op weg naar Zero Emissions met GM HydroGen4". AutoZine. 2007-09-04. https://www.autozine.nl/chevrolet/nieuws/gm-onthult-hydrogen4. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  19. ↑ Eberle, Ulrich; Mueller, Bernd; von Helmolt, Rittmar (2012-07-15). "Fuel cell electric vehicles and hydrogen infrastructure: status 2012". Royal Society of Chemistry. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233987484. Retrieved 2013-01-08. 
  20. ↑ Sebastian Blanco (2009-06-09). "First Drive: hydrogen-powered Kia Borrego FCEV and Nissan X-Trail FCV - Autoblog". Green.autoblog.com. http://green.autoblog.com/2009/06/09/first-drive-hydrogen-powered-kia-borrego-fcev-and-nissal-x-trai/. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
  21. ↑ "Hydrogen Fuel Cell Cars, Our ECO-Friendly lineup with proven safety". Kia.com. https://www.kia.com/worldwide/about_kia/eco_dynamics/hydrogen_fuel_cell_cars.do. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  22. ↑ "Renault Scenic ZEV H2 prototype (2008) review". carmagazine.co.uk. 2008-06-27. https://www.carmagazine.co.uk/car-reviews/renault/renault-scenic-zev-h2-prototype-2008-review/. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 "SAIC Motor unveils hydrogen strategy plan". SAIC Motor (Press release). 13 September 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
  24. ↑ Raja, Shrawan (20 April 2014). "SAIC Roewe 950 fuel cell concept". IAB China Autos. http://iabchinaautos.com/saic-roewe-950-fuel-cell-1213/. 
  25. ↑ "Audi Q5 FCEV (2009) | H2-Mobility". netinform. 2009-10-19. http://www.netinform.net/H2/H2Mobility/Default.aspx?ID=439&CATID=0. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
  26. ↑ "BMW 1 Series Fuel Cell Hybrid (2010) | H2-Mobility". netinform. http://www.netinform.net/H2/H2Mobility/Default.aspx?ID=437&CATID=0. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
  27. ↑ "BMW once built a hydrogen fuel cell i8". BMW Blog. 2015-07-02. http://www.bmwblog.com/2015/07/02/bmw-once-built-a-hydrogen-fuel-cell-i8/. Retrieved 2015-08-07. 
  28. ↑ "See the BMW i8 hydrogen fuel cell in action". BMW Blog. 2015-07-14. http://www.bmwblog.com/2015/07/14/see-the-bmw-i8-hydrogen-fuel-cell-in-action/. Retrieved 2015-08-07. 
  29. ↑ "BMW 5 Series GT FCEV hydrogen fuel cell prototype review". autoexpress.co.uk. 2015-07-02. https://www.autoexpress.co.uk/bmw/5-series/92090/bmw-5-series-gt-fcev-hydrogen-fuel-cell-prototype-review. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  30. ↑ "The BMW i Hydrogen NEXT. Our fuel cell development vehicle.". BMWgroup.com. 2019-09-10. https://www.bmwgroup.com/en/company/bmw-group-news/artikel/BMWi_Hydrogen_NEXT.html. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  31. ↑ "Mercedes F600 Hygenius Concept". Paul Tan. 2005-10-23. https://paultan.org/2005/10/23/mercedes-f600-hygenius-concept/. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  32. ↑ "Mercedes-Benz B-Class F-Cell (2009) | H2-Mobility". netinform. http://www.netinform.net/H2/H2Mobility/Default.aspx?ID=423&CATID=0. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
  33. ↑ "Chevrolet Sequel Concept - We drive GM's fuel-cell flagship.". 2006-01-09. https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/a18200990/chevrolet-sequel-concept-first-drive-review/. 
  34. ↑ Wren, Wesley (6 March 2020). "The Gumpert Nathalie First Edition Is a Production-Ready Methanol Fuel Cell Vehicle". Autoweek. https://www.autoweek.com/news/technology/a31226417/the-gumpert-nathalie-first-edition-is-a-production-ready-methanol-fuel-cell-vehicle/. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 "2016 Clarity Fuel Cell". https://global.honda/heritage/timeline/product-history/automobiles/2016Clarity-Fuel-Cell.html. 
  36. ↑ "Hyundai Tucson ix35 FCEV (2010) | H2-Mobility". netinform. http://www.netinform.net/H2/H2Mobility/Default.aspx?ID=431&CATID=0. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
  37. ↑ "Hyundai unveils fuel cell Intrado concept car at Geneva show". Fuel Cells Bulletin 2014 (3): 2. 2014. doi:10.1016/S1464-2859(14)70064-1. ISSN 1464-2859. 
  38. ↑ "SAIC MAXUS New flagship MPV G20 debut at Shanghai Auto Show, priced at 179,800-289,800 yuan". SAIC MAXUS (Press release). 16 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
  39. ↑ "Mazda Develops Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle, "Demio FCEV"". 1997-09-26. https://newsroom.mazda.com/en/publicity/release/1997/9712/971203.html. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  40. ↑ "Mazda introduces new fuel cell electric vehicle, "Premacy FC-EV"". 2001-02-13. https://newsroom.mazda.com/en/publicity/release/2001/200102/0213e.html. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  41. ↑ "Nissan's New Concept SUV Is An Odd-Looking Bid For the Youth Market". 2012-09-13. https://www.businessinsider.com/nissans-terra-concept-is-hydrogen-powered-2012-9?international=true&r=US&IR=T. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  42. ↑ "Car maker Riversimple launches first UK trial of hydrogen cars" (PDF). Riversimple (Press release). 16 June 2016. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
  43. ↑ Viknesh Vijayenthiran (2007-01-12). "SAIC Roewe 750 sedan FC". Motorauthority.com. http://www.motorauthority.com/news/1028073_chinas-saic-fuel-cell-roewe-750. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
  44. ↑ "V. MR WAGON FCV". 2003-10-23. https://www.globalsuzuki.com/globalnews/2003/1023_6.html. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  45. ↑ "Suzuki receives approval to test new SX4-FCV fuel-cell vehicle on public roads, plans exhibit at G8 summit". 2008-06-13. https://www.globalsuzuki.com/globalnews/2008/0630.html. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  46. ↑ "Volkswagen HyMotion Fuel Cell Tiguan". 2007-11-14. https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1025917_volkswagen-hymotion-fuel-cell-tiguan. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  47. ↑ "VW Passat Lingyu". http://www.volkswagenag.com/content/vwcorp/content/en/innovation/fuel_and_propulsion/Fuel_Cell.html. 
  48. ↑ "VW Golf SportWagen HyMotion Fuel Cell Concept Unveiled At 2014 L.A. Auto Show". 2014-11-19. https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1095543_vw-golf-sportwagen-hymotion-fuel-cell-concept-unveiled-at-2014-l-a-auto-show. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  49. ↑ "Volkswagen debuts hydrogen-powered Crafter HyMotion van concept with 310-mile range". 2018-09-19. https://newatlas.com/volkswagen-crafter-hymotion-hydrogen/56417/. Retrieved 2020-02-02. 
  50. ↑ Gilkes, Dan (3 September 2020). "The Chinese contender". Transport Engineer. http://www.transportengineer.org.uk/transport-engineer-features/the-chinese-contender/230151. 
  51. ↑ "Engineering students build UK's first hydrogen powered locomotive". UK: University of Birmingham. 2012-08-21. http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/news/latest/2012/08/21-Aug-12-Engineering-students-build-UKs-first-hydrogen-powered-locomotive.aspx. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
  52. ↑ Hoffrichter, Andreas (2013). Hydrogen as an energy carrier for railway traction (PhD). Birmingham, UK: University of Birmingham.
  53. ↑ "Ballard Power (BLDP) Announces Demonstration of First Fuel Cell-Powered Electric Tram". Street Insider. US. 2015-04-07. http://www.streetinsider.com/Corporate+News/Ballard+Power+(BLDP)+Announces+Demonstration+of+First+Fuel+Cell-Powered+Electric+Tram/10437016.html. 
  54. ↑ Salvacion, Manny (2015-03-21). "China Presents the World's First Hydrogen-Fueled Tram". Yibada. US. http://en.yibada.com/articles/21142/20150321/china-worlds-first-hydrogen-fueled-tram.htm. 
  55. ↑ Fan, Wenxin (2015-03-26). "China's Hydrogen-Powered Future Starts in Trams, Not Cars". Bloomberg (US). https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-03-25/china-s-hydrogen-powered-future-starts-in-trams-not-cars. 
  56. ↑ Smith, Kevin (2017-10-31). "CRRC Tangshan trials new hydrogen-fuelled tram". International Railway Journal. https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/light-rail/crrc-tangshan-trials-new-hydrogen-fuelled-tram/. 
  57. ↑ Hawthorne, Melanie (2018-11-08). "Hydrail: Hydrogen-Powered Trains to Pioneer the Way We Travel". TechAcute (Germany). https://techacute.com/hydrail-hydrogen-powered-trains/. 
  58. ↑ Burgess, Matt (2017-03-17). "World's first hydrogen-powered passenger train takes to the tracks in Germany". Wired (UK). https://www.wired.co.uk/article/hydrogen-train-alstom-testing. Retrieved 2017-11-22. 
  59. ↑ Molloy, Mark (2017-03-22). "The world's first zero-emissions hydrogen train is coming". The Telegraph (UK). https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2017/03/22/worlds-first-zero-emissions-hydrogen-train-coming/. 
  60. ↑ "Hyundai XCIENT Fuel Cell Heads to Europe for Commercial Use". Hyundai News (Press release). 6 July 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
  61. ↑ "Kenworth Video Stars Zero Emissions Kenworth T680 FCEV on the Climb to 14,115-Foot Pikes Peak Summit". Kenworth (Press release). 11 January 2021. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
  62. ↑ "First Heavy Duty Fuel Cell Electric Trucks Set for Delivery to Pilot Program Customers at Ports of L.A. and Long Beach". Toyota USA Newsroom (Press release). 10 December 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
  63. ↑ "Toyota and Hino Launch Initiative with Seven-Eleven, FamilyMart, and Lawson to Introduce Light-Duty Fuel Cell Electric Trucks". Toyota. 8 December 2020. https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/corporate/34161251.html. 
  64. ↑ "ローソンとファミマが燃料電池トラック導入、トヨタいすゞ日野が車両開発". IT media, Japan. 11 August 2021. https://monoist.itmedia.co.jp/mn/articles/2108/11/news043.html. 
  65. ↑ "Popularizing FCEVs: NEXO Sales over 10,000 Units". Hyundai Motor Group (Press release). 20 November 2020. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
  66. ↑ Do, Byung-Uk (28 September 2020). "Hyundai exports hydrogen vehicles to world's No. 1 oil producer Saudi Aramco". The Korea Economic Daily. https://www.kedglobal.com/newsView/ked202010100021. 
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  68. ↑ "Sunwin Delivered Fuel Cell Bus". Sunwin (Press release). October 2018. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
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  70. ↑ "Prodotti". Dolomitech.com. http://www.dolomitech.com/prodotti.php. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
  71. ↑ "ISE Corporation FC-Bus London (2010) | H2-Mobility". netinform. http://www.netinform.net/H2/H2Mobility/Default.aspx?ID=502&CATID=0. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
  72. ↑ "Škoda TriHyBus (2009) | H2-Mobility". netinform. http://www.netinform.net/H2/H2Mobility/Default.aspx?ID=435&CATID=0. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
  73. ↑ "Starbus Fuel Cell - BS III | Tata Starbus | Tata Starbus Price". Buses.tatamotors.com. http://www.buses.tatamotors.com/products/starbus-fuel-cell.aspx. Retrieved 2017-04-05. 
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  77. ↑ Robertson, David (2008-04-03). "Boeing tests first hydrogen powered plane". The Times. London. http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/transport/article3675188.ece. 
  78. ↑ McGoogan, Cara (2015-12-15). "These hydrogen-powered drones can fly for hours". Wired (UK). https://www.wired.co.uk/article/drones-hydrogen-fuel-cells-intelligent-energy. Retrieved 2017-11-22. 
  79. ↑ Schächtele, Kai (2016-12-01). "Flying towards a fossil fuel-free future: the HY4 and its plans for zero emission passenger flights". Wired (UK). https://www.wired.co.uk/article/zero-emission-plane. Retrieved 2017-11-22. 

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