Engineering:Sony Xperia 1

Short description: 2019 Android smartphone

Sony Xperia 1

Codename	Griffin (PF13)
Brand	Sony
Manufacturer	Sony Mobile Communications
Slogan	Creativity awakens
Series	Sony Xperia
Model	J8110 (EMEA) J8170 (Americas) J9110 (Dual SIM, excluding Americas) J9150 (Xperia 1 Professional Edition) J9180 (China ) SO-03L (NTT Docomo) SOV40 (au/Okinawa Cellular) 802SO (SoftBank)
Compatible networks	2G 3G 4G LTE WiMAX 2+ (SOV40 model only)
First released	30 May 2019 (2019-05-30)
Availability by region	30 May 2019 (2019-05-30) (United Kingdom ) 5 June 2019 (2019-06-05) (Germany ) 6 June 2019 (2019-06-06) (China ) 14 June 2019 (2019-06-14) (Japan ; SO-03L, SOV40 and 802SO models) 12 July 2019 (2019-07-12) (United States ) 24 August 2019 (2019-08-24) (Malaysia) 29 August 2019 (2019-08-29) (Singapore) 25 October 2019 (2019-10-25) (Japan ; J9150 Xperia 1 Professional Edition model) 28 August 2020 (2020-08-28) (Japan ; J9110 SIM-unlocked model)
Predecessor	Sony Xperia XZ3 Sony Xperia XZ2 Premium
Successor	Sony Xperia 1 II
Related	Sony Xperia XZ1 Sony Xperia XZ2 Premium Sony Xperia 5
Type	Phablet
Form factor	Slate
Dimensions	167 mm (6.6 in) H 72 mm (2.8 in) W 8.2 mm (0.32 in) D
Mass	178 g (6.3 oz)
Operating system	Android 9.0 "Pie" upgradeable to Android 11
System on chip	Qualcomm Snapdragon 855
CPU	Octa-core (1x 2.84 GHz Gold Prime, 3x 2.42 GHz Gold, 4x 1.8 GHz Silver) Kryo 485
GPU	Adreno 640
Memory	6 GB LPDDR4X RAM
Storage	Universal Flash Storage (UFS 2.1) 64 GB (SO-03L, SOV40 and 802SO models) 128 GB (Toshiba THGAF8T0T43BAIR; J8110, J8170, J9110 and J9150 models)
Removable storage	microSD, expandable up to 512 GB
Battery	Non-removable Li-ion 3330 mAh rated capacity: 3200 mAh
Data inputs	Sensors: Accelerometer Barometer Fingerprint scanner (side-mounted, always on) Gyroscope Proximity sensor Colour spectrum sensor
Display	6.5 in (170 mm) 21:9 CinemaWide™ 4K (3840 x 1644) HDR OLED, ~643 pixel density, Gorilla Glass 6, 10-bit(1.07B Colors)
Rear camera	12.2 MP (Sony IMX445), f/1.6, 26mm (wide), 1/2.55", 1.4µm, predictive Dual Pixel PDAF, 5-axis OIS 12.2 MP (Samsung ISOCELL S5K3M3), f/2.4, 52mm (telephoto), 1/3.4", 1.0µm, predictive Dual Pixel PDAF, 2x optical zoom, 5-axis OIS 12.2 MP (Samsung ISOCELL S5K3M3), f/2.4, 16mm (ultra-wide), 1/3.4", 1.0µm
Front camera	8 MP (Samsung ISOCELL S5K4H7), f/2.0, 24mm (wide), 1/4", 1.0µm, 1080p@30fps (5-axis gyro-EIS)
Sound	Stereo speakers (hybrid)
Connectivity	Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac (2.4/5GHz) Bluetooth 5.0 USB-C NFC GPS with Assisted GPS Galileo GLONASS BeiDou 1seg (SO-03L, SOV40 and 802SO models only) Mobile FeliCa/Osaifu-Keitai (SO-03L, SOV40 and 802SO models only)
Website	Official website
References

The Sony Xperia 1 is an Android smartphone made by Sony. Part of Sony's flagship Xperia series, the device was announced to the public at a press conference held at the annual 2019 Mobile World Congress event on February 25, 2019. It’s the world's first smartphone with an ultrawide 21:9 aspect ratio 4K HDR OLED display, dubbed Cinema Wide, and Sony's first triple-lens camera system featuring Eye AF eye-tracking technology seen in the company's Alpha line of professional-grade cameras. The Xperia 1 was later joined by a more compact, the Xperia 5, which was revealed on 5 September 2019. Compared to the Xperia 1, the Xperia 5 has a smaller 1080p screen, a smaller battery, and a non-centrally aligned camera module.

On 25 October 2019, a upgraded version of the Sony Xperia 1 called the Sony Xperia 1 Professional Edition (J9150) was released exclusively in Japan, which is mainly sold SIM-unlocked and unlike the Japan-only carrier models, features a hybrid dual-SIM slot and has an internal storage capacity of 128 GB like the J8110, J8170 and J9110 models. The J9150 model, however, does not include support for the 1seg mobile TV, nor does it include support for the Mobile Feli Ca or the Osaifu-Keitai, unlike said carrier-only models.

Hardware

Design and build

The Xperia 1 is designed around the new 21:9 aspect ratio display, a rework from the previous "Ambient Flow" design seen in the Xperia XZ3. It consists of a 7000-series aluminum alloy chassis that has a curved edge all around the device, a 2.5D scratch-resistant front and curved-edged back glass panels made of Corning Gorilla Glass 6, resulting in a more squarish but symmetrical design aesthetic, reminiscent of the classic "Omni Balance" design language of old Xperia Z-series flagships. The most defining change in the Xperia 1, as it was in the Xperia XZ2 trio and the XZ3, are the placement of the camera on the back. It is centrally aligned on the upper half of the device, as opposed to being placed on the top-left side like in previous Xperia devices. The NFC antenna is placed on the left-handed side of the new triple-lens camera system, housed in a raised module with chrome beveled edges surrounding it, along with the color sensing (RGBC-IR sensor) and the single LED flash up top.

The front houses the 6.5 in (170 mm) ultra-wide 4K HDR OLED display with slight curve corners and very minimal bezels on both sides, and significantly slim (when compared to the XZ3) but at the metrical top and bottom bezels. On the top bezel is the earpiece that acts as part of the hybrid dual-stereo speaker setup, the 8 MP front-facing camera, ambient light and proximity sensor and a notification LED. The hybrid SIM tray is located on the top of the device, with a sealed pull-out type of cover for added ingress protection. The bottom bezel has shrunk significantly and is blank, omitting the company logo entirely. The second part of the stereo speaker is relegated to the bottom along with the lone USB Type-C port and primary microphone.

The fingerprint sensor is now re-positioned back to the right-hand side of the device as with previous XZ Series devices and is now activated even in the US market. This is possible, in part because the power button is now separate. To mitigate this, scanner is now an always-on affair. Directly above the fingerprint scanner is the volume rocker, and below the power button near the bottom edge is the 2-stage camera shutter button, very rare in smartphones nowadays and a unique staple of Xperia devices ever since.

The Xperia 1's dimensions are 167 mm (6.6 in) in height, with a width of 72 mm (2.8 in) and a depth of 8.2 mm (0.32 in) and weighs approximately 178 g (6.3 oz). It is rated IP65/IP68 dust/waterproof up to 1.5 m for 30 minutes. The device comes in 4 colors: Black, White, Gray and in some markets, Purple.

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  Backside

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  Frontside

Performance

The Xperia 1 is powered by the Qualcomm Snapdragon 855 chipset, built on a 7 nm process technology with 8 Kryo 485 processors in a 1 + 3 + 4 configuration (1x 2.84 GHz Gold Prime, 3x 2.42 GHz Gold, and 4x 1.8 GHz Silver), 6 GB of LPDDR4X RAM and an Adreno 640 for graphics rendering. It has the option a 64 GB (SO-03L, SOV4,0, and 802SO models) or 128 GB (J8110, J8170, J9110 and J9150 models) UFS 2.1 internal storage and comes in a single-SIM or hybrid dual-SIM versions depending on region, with both featuring 5CA LTE Cat.19 of up to 1.6 Gbit/s download speeds. It also has microSD card expansion of up to 512 GB in a hybrid SIM 2 slot setup.

Display

The Xperia 1 showcases the world's first 6.5 in (170 mm) 21:9 aspect ratio 4K HDR OLED display officially called Cinema Wide, with a 3840 × 1644 resolution, and 64 ppi pixel density. This aspect ratio was previously found in LG New Chocolate (BL40). In a more practical approach, the display resolution on regular usage and throughout the UI only is at PPI ppi, which is still considered sharp and is especially beneficial for the battery. The full 4K resolution only triggers automatically when compatible content is displayed on-screen.

The Xperia 1 also has a new system-wide color setting feature, called "Creator mode", alongside the "Standard" and "Super-vivid" modes. When activated, the Xperia 1 tries its best to display accurate colors as close as possible to the original intention of the content creator. It has a BT-2022 certification HDR, which is more versatile than HDR10. This supports the wide color space ITU-R BT.2020m and as DCI P3 and Illuminant D65. It does however require the source to be encoded with the proper color info to take advantage of the feature. The device also has the new X1 for mobile engine borrowed from their BRAVIA TV line, optimizing content that is not natively-created for the high contrast and color palette of the OLED panel.

Camera

The back of a newly purchased Sony Xperia 1 (SO-03L model), showing the triple lens camera

The Xperia 1 further improves and upgrades the previous Motion Eye camera from the XZ3 with a Sony-first Triple lens camera system. It is composed of the primary 12.2 MP 1/2.55" Exmor RS for mobile memory-stacked Dual Photo Diode (2PD) sensor with a 1.4 μm behind an f/1.6 aperture, 26 mm "regular wide" lens; a second 12 MP 1/3.4" RGB sensor with a 1.0 μm behind an f/2.4 aperture, 52 mm lens and 2x optical zoom for "telephoto"; and a third 12 MP 1/3.4" RGB sensor with a 1.0 μm sitting behind an f/2.4 aperture, 16 mm 130° "ultra-wide-angle" lens. They are paired with the RGBC-IR color spectrum sensor that assists the white balance of the camera by providing additional light data from the surrounding conditions of the scene, and a single LED flash. The front selfie camera has a 1/4" 8-megapixel sensor with an f/2.0 lens and Steady Shot with Intelligent Active Mode (5-axis stabilization).

The Xperia 1 is capable of capturing 4K HDR video, and the two sensors (primary and telephoto) are optically stabilized, a first for an Xperia device, dubbed Optical Steady Shot. It has an Intelligent Active Mode where it which alongside the standard electronic Steady Shot (5-axis EIS + OIS) for better video stabilization. Exclusive for the Xperia 1 is the BIONZ X for mobile image-processing engine, borrowed from Sony's Alpha professional cameras. This brings pro camera Alpha technologies to the Xperia line for a more professional approach to mobile photography.

First and unique for the Xperia 1 is the new fast Eye AF. It is an intelligent focusing system that focuses and locks into a subject's eye for an impressively accurate subject tracking. It can accurately calculate and measure the distance of the subject it is currently tracking from the device, and, through machine learning, can also remember the particular person's eye if he/she was either blocked by view or moved out of the frame for a while and then back in.

An additional camera feature is Cinema Pro, which is a video capture application designed in collaboration with Sony's CineAlta division and squarely aimed at cinematography enthusiasts. Other unique camera features of the Xperia 1 include an Autofocus burst with up to 10 fps of AF/AE tracking, Predictive Hybrid Autofocus, an Anti-distortion shutter and RAW image file recording with RAW noise reduction.

The Xperia 1 also has Predictive Capture. When it detects fast-paced movement, the camera automatically captures a maximum of four photos before the shutter button is pressed, and lets the user select the best one afterwards. This is done without any user intervention and is possible due to the same built-in DRAM chip on the image sensor used in capturing the 960 fps super slow-motion videos. Xperia 1 marks the last device from Xperia devices to have Sony's 960fps fps super slow-motion videos as Xperia 5 and Xperia 1 II no longer support the feature due to different hardwares.

Battery

The Xperia 1 is powered by a non-removable 3,330 mAh lithium-ion battery. Charging and data transfer is handled by a USB-C 3.1 port with support for USB Power Delivery. It also has Qnovo adaptive charging technology built-in which allows the device to monitor the cell's electrochemical processes in real time and adjust charging parameters accordingly to minimize cell damage and extend the battery unit's lifespan.

Battery Care

The Xperia 1 also comes with Battery Care, Sony's proprietary charging algorithm that controls the charging process of the phone through machine learning. It recognizes the user's charging habits for a certain period and automatically adjusts itself to the pattern, for example an overnight charge, by stopping the initial charging to about 80–90 percent, and then continuing it until full from where it left off the next day. This effectively prevents the unnecessary damage to the battery's cells from excessive heat and current due to overcharging, further increasing the battery's life span.

Audio and connectivity

The Xperia 1, like the Xperia XZ2 that started it, has the standard 3.5 mm audio jack omitted in favor of wireless. To make up for the removal, it has improved wireless audio connectivity along with LDAC, an audio coding technology developed in-house by Sony which is now a part of the Android Open Source Project, that enables the transmission of 24-bit/96 kHz High-Resolution (Hi-Res) audio content over Bluetooth at up to 990 kbit/s, three times faster than conventional audio streaming codecs, to compatible audio devices. It also comes with Dolby Atmos for a better sound reproduction.

Other connectivity options include Bluetooth 5 with aptX HD and Low Energy, NFC, 4x4 MIMO antennas for fast Wi-Fi and cellular upload/download speeds, dual-band Wi-Fi a/b/g/n/ac, Wi-Fi Direct, DLNA, GPS (with A-GPS), GLONASS, BeiDou and Galileo satellite positioning. The Xperia 1, like most high-end smartphone nowadays, has no FM radio.

Software

The Sony Xperia 1 is launched with the Android 9.0 "Pie" operating system, along with Smart Stamina battery saving modes and Sony's proprietary multimedia apps. It features an improved Side Sense. It works through a pair of touch-sensitive areas on either side of the phone. A tap or slide triggers various actions set by the user, most of which configurable including the sensitivity of the touch areas. Another feature by the Side Sense is Pair shortcut which, upon launch from the Side Sense window, will trigger a split-screen setup with the selected pair of user-customizable apps instantly. In December 2019, Sony began to release Android 10 for the Xperia 1.

Further reading

• Lars Rehm (25 February 2019). "The Xperia 1 is Sony's first triple-cam phone and comes with a 21:9 display". https://www.dpreview.com/news/7380751761/the-xperia-x1-is-sony-s-first-triple-cam-phone-and-comes-with-a-21-9-display. 
• James Day (25 February 2019). "Sony Xperia 1 hands-on review: A 4K OLED HDR display in a flagship phone for the first time". https://www.stuff.tv/sony/xperia-1/review.