Engineering:VOOC

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Short description: Proprietary charging technology

Oppo VOOC (Voltage Open Loop Multi-step Constant-Current Charging), also known as a Warp Charge or SUPERVOOC on OnePlus devices and Dart Charge on Realme devices, is a proprietary rapid-charge technology created by BBK Electronics.[1] In contrast to the USB Power Delivery and Qualcomm Quick Charge technology, which increases the voltage during fast charging, VOOC uses a higher current than standard USB charging. The VOOC Flash Charge circuit technology reportedly lowers the temperature of the charging adapter, and creates an interface from the adapter to the phone, which, OPPO claims, improves the speed and safety of the charge.[2] VOOC 2.0 has been licensed to OnePlus as Dash Charge technology.[3] A single-cell, 30-watt (5 V/6 A) version of VOOC 4.0 has also been licensed to OnePlus as Warp Charge.[4][5] OnePlus does not market its phones as VOOC-compatible despite the fact that VOOC 2.0 and Dash are compatible with the phones.[3]

(As of July 2019), VOOC has been licensed to 14 other corporations, most of which are in the phone charging and power strip industries. Oppo claims that more than 1000 patents around VOOC have been filed worldwide.[6]

Versions

(As of 2022), VOOC / SuperVOOC comes in a few variations:

  • VOOC 2.0 (2015), same as the first version that was introduced in 2014, which operates at 5V/4A.
  • VOOC 3.0 (2019), a technology that claims to be 23.8% faster than VOOC and "based on a new technology". It appears to be a 5V/5A version of VOOC. which can charge the phone up to 55% in 30 minutes.[7]
  • SuperVOOC (2018), a successor of VOOC 2.0 with 10 V/5 A (50W). It charges a two-cell battery in series.[8]
  • VOOC 4.0 (2019 Sep), a successor of VOOC 3.0, which operates at 5 V/6 A (30W).[9] It can charge the phone up to 67% in 30 minutes.
  • SuperVOOC 2.0 (2020 Jul), operating at 20V/6.25A (125W) max. The phone uses three charge pumps in parallel to handle such powers. Also released was a lower-power 10 V/5 A (50W) GaN charger, focusing on small size instead.[9]
  • At MWC 2022, Oppo showed off two upcoming variants of VOOC, the first is 150W SuperVOOC (20V at 7.5A), which can charge a 4,500mAh battery to 50% in 5 minutes or 100% in 15 minutes.[10] The other VOOC variant is "240W SUPERVOOC Flash Charge" (24V at 10A) that can fully charge a battery to 100% in 8 minutes 9 seconds or 50% in 3 minutes 24 seconds.[11][12]

Devices

Dash Charge for OnePlus 5
  • VOOC 2.0 is supported by OPPO R6 through Oppo R15, by F1 (Find 1) Plus through Find X, Realme 3 Pro, Realme XT, Realme X, and Oppo N3.[13][14][15]
  • OnePlus devices since OnePlus 3 (3, 3T, 5, 5T, 6, 6T, 7) support Dash Charge, claiming to charge "a day's power in half an hour".[16]
  • VOOC 3.0 is supported by Oppo F11, Oppo Reno series, Realme 5 Pro, Oppo F-15 .[7]
  • SuperVOOC is supported by the Oppo Find X, OPPO R17 Pro, Realme 7 Pro and Realme X2 Pro.[8]
  • VOOC 4.0 is supported by Realme 6, Realme 7, Realme 8 and Realme X3 series.
  • Warp Charge is supported by the OnePlus 6T McLaren, 7 Pro and 7T series[4] and OnePlus 8 series.[17]
  • SuperVOOC 2.0 (2020) is supported by OPPO Find X2, OPPO Find X3, OPPO Reno 4 Pro, Realme 7 Pro, Realme 8 Pro, Reno 5, Reno 5 Pro, Reno 6 5G, Reno 6 Pro Realme GT Master Edition, Realme GT 2 and GT 2 Pro
  • New warp charge 65 is supported by Oneplus 8T, OnePlus 9 and OnePlus 9 Pro.
  • 150W VOOC is supported by Realme GT NEO 3

All models reported include the "s" (or OnePlus "T"), "Plus", and "Pro" variants.

Oppo's mobile DAC, Oppo HA-2SE, also features VOOC charging.[18]

Technology

All versions of VOOC require a proprietary cable to work.[19] In addition to electrical requirements like the thickness (low electrical resistance) to handle the high currents without overheating, the VOOC 2.0/Dash protocol requires a fifth pin on the USB-A to USB-C cable to communicate through.[20] Without such communication, the charger runs at a limit of 5 V/1.5 A.[21] From VOOC 4.0 this limit elevated to 5V/2.0A.[22] With the even higher power of SuperVOOC 2.0, the cable itself is authenticated with a cryptographic E-marker for safety.[9]

On the Android phone end, the VOOC communication code is open source under GNU General Public License (GNU GPL) version 2 as a part of the modified Linux kernel, and has been used by custom ROMs like Lineage OS.[23] The firmware code for PIC16F microcontrollers on the "VOOC IC" is also defined in the code.[24][25] Documentation provided by OnePlus mentions a BQ27541 battery gauge chip made by Texas Instruments, with Dash-specific protocol extensions.[26] The source code allows a list of parts used for the technology to be made: for example, the Find X uses a pic1508/stm8s chip on the adapter and a bq25882 two-cell charger chip on the phone. The BQ27541 gauge is exchanged for a BQ28Z610 gauge which can handle two-cell battery packs.[24][original research?]

Marketing

OnePlus used the fact that Dash Charge charging speed did not slow down during operation of the phone as a marketing tool.[27][28]

Other fast-charging technologies

References

  1. ↑ "Oppo Super VOOC Fast-Charging Explained". 24 June 2018. https://wccftech.com/oppo-super-vooc-fast-charging-explained. 
  2. ↑ Martin, Taylor (2014-05-20). "Every smartphone needs rapid charging". http://pocketnow.com/2014/05/20/smartphone-rapid-charging. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Dash Charge for OnePlus 3 explained". http://www.androidcentral.com/heres-what-you-need-know-about-dash-charge-oneplus-3. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "All you need to know about OnePlus' 30W Warp Charge standard" (in en). 24 May 2019. https://www.androidcentral.com/warp-charge. 
  5. ↑ "Warp Charge Magnetic Cable". 2021-06-18. https://nu-wave.org/product/magnetic-usb-charging-cable-warp-charging-dash-charging/. 
  6. ↑ "OPPO与八家企业签署VOOC闪充专利许可协议 - oppo 欧珀手机" (in zh-CN). https://www.cnbeta.com/articles/tech/872633.htm. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 John, Jed (22 March 2019). "OPPO Reno comes with VOOC 3.0 which improves fast charging speed by 23.8%". https://www.gizmochina.com/2019/03/22/oppo-reno-comes-with-vooc-3-0-which-improves-fast-charging-speed-by-23-8/. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Byford, Sam (10 October 2018). "Oppo has the fastest fast charging we've ever seen". https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2018/10/10/17958648/oppo-super-vooc-fast-charging-find-x-lamborghini-edition. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Minsheng securities (31 August 2020). "快充新"赛道"，行业势不可挡" (in zh). https://pdf.dfcfw.com/pdf/H3_AP202008311404459956_1.pdf?1598908275000.pdf. 
  10. ↑ "OPPO's new 150W SuperVOOC fast charging tech will soon debut on a OnePlus phone" (in en-US). 2022-02-28. https://www.xda-developers.com/oppo-150w-supervooc-fast-charging-techology/. 
  11. ↑ @oppo. "We're speeding up fast charging" (in en). https://twitter.com/oppo/status/1498304483176038402.  Missing or empty |date= (help)
  12. ↑ (in en) How fast is OPPO's 240W charging?, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-b_bUUnE7R8, retrieved 2022-03-25 
  13. ↑ "OPPO VOOC Flash Charge, Quick Charge - OPPO Global - OPPO Global". http://www.oppo.com/en/technology/vooc. 
  14. ↑ "Oppo A3s is official with 4,230 mAh battery and 6.2-inch notched display" (in en-US). xda-developers. 2018-07-13. https://www.xda-developers.com/oppo-a3s-official-battery-notch/. 
  15. ↑ "OPPO R11 support VOOC Flash Charge". http://www.gizok.com/oppo-r11.html. 
  16. ↑ "OnePlus 3T". https://oneplus.net/3t/dashcharge. 
  17. ↑ "Specs | OnePlus 8". https://www.oneplus.com/8/specs. 
  18. ↑ "OPPO Digital - Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc Players". http://www.oppodigital.com/. 
  19. ↑ "If your OPPO phone won't flash charge". https://oppo.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/636. 
  20. ↑ sbooth. "What is the OnePlus 3 DASH charging/sync cable doing internally?? Let's probe it!". https://forums.oneplus.com/threads/what-is-the-oneplus-3-dash-charging-sync-cable-doing-internally-lets-probe-it.456017/. 
  21. ↑ "Dash Charge protocol analysis" (in en). https://forum.xda-developers.com/oneplus-3/accessories/dash-charge-protocol-analysis-t3431917. 
  22. ↑ "Oppo VOOC fast charging limits without vooc chargers.". https://www.deathline.net/blog/index.php?/archives/13-Oppo-VOOC-fast-charging-limits-without-vooc-chargers..html. 
  23. ↑ "drivers/power/oppo in LineageOS/android_kernel_oppo_msm8974". LineageOS. 29 May 2019. https://github.com/LineageOS/android_kernel_oppo_msm8974/tree/lineage-16.0/drivers/power/oppo. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 "drivers/power/oppo in oppo-source/FindX-8.1-kernel-source". 24 May 2019. https://github.com/oppo-source/FindX-8.1-kernel-source/tree/48a21fe/drivers/power/oppo. 
  25. ↑ "oneplus_fastcg.c in OnePlusOSS/android_kernel_oneplus_msm8998 (branch 5T)". OnePlus Open Source Software. 2 June 2019. https://github.com/OnePlusOSS/android_kernel_oneplus_msm8998/blob/oneplus/QC8998_5T_N_7.1/drivers/power/supply/qcom/oneplus_fastcg.c. 
  26. ↑ "oneplus_fastcg.txt in OnePlusOSS/android_kernel_oneplus_msm8998". 29 September 2021. https://github.com/OnePlusOSS/android_kernel_oneplus_msm8998/blob/oneplus/QC8998_5T_N_7.1/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/power/supply/qcom/oneplus_fastcg.txt. 
  27. ↑ (in en) Dash Charge on the OnePlus 5T - Screen-On Charge Comparison, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hMoWuGnAbbo, retrieved 2023-03-22 
  28. ↑ (in en) OnePlus 3T – Power up your commute with Dash Charge, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JAy6uRtZcwY, retrieved 2023-03-22 




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