Open-source computing hardware

Open-source computing hardware comprises computers and computer components with an open design. They are designed as open-source hardware using open-source principles.

Partially open-source hardware

Hardware that uses closed source components

Computers

Single-board computers

• Tinkerforge RED Brick, executes user programs and controls other Bricks/Bricklets standalone

ARM

• Banana Pi, uses low-power processors with an ARM core; runs Linux Android OpenWRT
• BeagleBoard, uses low-power Texas Instruments processors with an ARM Cortex-A8 core; runs Angstrom Linux
• IGEPv2, an ARM OMAP 3-based board designed and manufactured by ISEE in Spain. Its expansion boards are also open-source.
• OLinuXino, designed with KiCad by OLIMEX Ltd in Bulgaria
• PandaBoard, a variation of the BeagleBoard
• Rascal, an ARM based Linux board that works with Arduino shields, with a web server that includes an editor for users to program it in Python. Hardware design files released under the Creative Commons BY-SA license.
• 96Boards (Includes but not limited to, DragonBoard 410c, HiKey, HiKey960, Bubblegum-96 and more...)
• Parallella single board computer with a manycore coprocessor and field-programmable gate array (FPGA)

Motorola 68000 series

• Minimig – a re-implementation of an Amiga 500 using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA).

National Semiconductor NS320xx series

• PC532, a personal computer design released in 1990, based on the NS32532 microprocessor

RISC-V

• HiFive1 is an Arduino-compatible development kit featuring the Freedom E310, the industry’s first commercially available RISC-V SoC
• HiFive Unleashed "is a Linux development platform for SiFive’s Freedom U540 SoC, the world’s first 4+1 64-bit multi-core Linux-capable RISC-V SoC."

Routers

• Banana pi BPI-R2 with MTK MT7623N Banana pi BPI-R64 with MTK MT7622 Banana pi BPI-W2 with Realtek RTD1296
• Turris 1.0 and Turris 1.1, two Power Architecture-based routers designed in the Czech republic

Notebook computers

• Novena, a notebook computer that uses a 1.2 GHz quad-core Freescale processor closely coupled with a Xilinx FPGA
• VIA OpenBook, a netbook case design released by VIA Technologies

Handhelds, palmtops, and smartphones

• Ben NanoNote, a palmtop PC based on the MIPS architecture
• Openmoko, a smartphone containing a single-board computer equipped with a GSM/UMTS modem
• Simputer, a handheld computer released in 2002

Fully open-source hardware

Hardware that has no closed source dependencies

Microcontrollers

• Arduino — an open-source physical computing platform based on a simple I/O board and a development environment that implements the open source Processing / Wiring language. Also clones of this platform including Freeduino.
• Tinkerforge — a platform comprising stackable microcontrollers for interfacing with sensors and other I/O devices.

Components

• Ethernut, embedded Ethernet adapters
• IOIO, a board that allows Android applications to interface with external electronics
• PLAICE, a device that combines a flash memory programmer, in-circuit emulation, and a multichannel logic analyzer. It runs uClinux.
• Tinkerforge, a platform comprising stackable microcontrollers for interfacing with sensors and other I/O devices
• Twibrigh RONJA, a 10 Mbit/s full duplex FSO wireless optical network adapter from 2001

CPUs

• Amber is an ARM-compatible 32-bit RISC processor. Amber implements the ARMv2 instruction set.
• LEON, a 32-bit, SPARC-like CPU created by the European Space Agency
• OpenSPARC, a series of open-source microprocessors based on the UltraSPARC T1 and UltraSPARC T2 multicore processor designs
• Parallax P8X32A Propeller is a multicore microcontroller with an emphasis on general-purpose use
• ZPU, a small, portable CPU core with a GCC toolchain. It is designed to be compiled targeting FPGA
• Zet (hardware), x86 implementation on programmable logic

Related

Instruction sets

• RISC-V, a RISC ISA that originated in 2010 at the University of California, Berkeley
• J-Core, an implementation of the SuperH with some extensions

Organisations

• Bug Labs, a US technology company that began by developing and selling open-source hardware peripherals for rapid prototyping of electronics
• LowRISC, a non-profit organization that aims to develop open hardware
• M-Labs, developers of the Milkymist system on a chip
• Open Compute Project, an organization for sharing designs of data center products among companies
• Open Graphics Project, a project that aims to design a standard open architecture for graphics cards
• OpenCores, a loose community of designers that supports open-source cores (logic designs) for CPUs, peripherals and other devices. OpenCores maintains an open-source on-chip interconnection bus specification called Wishbone
• OpenRISC is a group of developers working to produce a very-high-performance open-source RISC CPU.

External links

• h-node, a hardware database compiled by the FSF to identify devices that work with a fully free operating system