Social:List of communist parties in India
Part of a series on |
Socialism |
---|
![]() |
|
Part of a series on |
Communism |
---|
This page contains a list of political parties in India that are aligned with the communist ideology. Most communist parties in India trace their origins to-
- (i) the Communist Party of India, the oldest communist party in India, takes part in parliamentary processes;[1][2][3][4]
- (ii) the All India Forward Bloc which was a faction within the Indian National Congress led by Subhas Chandra Bose,[5][6] the leader of the Indian National Army, which led an armed struggle for independence during World War II.[7] Today AIFB takes part in parliamentary processes;[8]
- (iii) the Revolutionary Socialist Party (India), which is considered the successor to Anushilan Samiti, and Hindustan Socialist Republican Association,[9] the HSRA was an organization that lead an armed revolutionary socialist movement against the British raj[10]:18 (Prominent members include Bhagat Singh,[11] Chandra Shekhar Azad[12]), the Anushilan Samiti believed in using revolutionary violence to end colonial rule, and was led by Aurobindo Gosh. Today RSP takes part in parliamentary processes;[8]
- (iv) the Communist Party of India (Marxist), which split from CPI in 1964, takes part in parliamentary processes;[13]
- (v) and finally, the now-defunct Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist), which was formed after the Naxalbari uprising by radicals from the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and its peasant's wing All India Kisan Sabha.[14][15][16] It gave rise to many groups who carry out a revolutionary socialist armed struggle on the lines of Mao Zedong's people's war military stratergy and Charu Majumdar's "Historic Eight Documents",[17][18][19] some splinter factions gave up armed struggle and joined parliamentary processes.[20] (see Naxalite–Maoist insurgency)
Currently, electoral socialist politics is especially prevalent in the states of Kerala, West Bengal, and Tripura.
In terms of armed insurgency the red corridor, also called the red zone,[21] is a region that is considerably affected by the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency, the red corridor is in the eastern, central, and southern parts of India more specifically in Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Telangana, and West Bengal.[22][23][24][25]
Communist Parties Registered with Election Commission of India
Communist Parties with National Party Status
- The party wins 2% of seats in the Lok Sabha from at least three different states.[27]
- At a general election to Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly, the party polls 6% of votes in any four or more states and in addition it wins four Lok Sabha seats.
- The party gets recognition as a state party in four states.
Election Symbol | Party Flag | Name | Ideology | Founded | Leader | State/UT governed | State/UT in Alliance partner in government | Seats in Lok Sabha |
Seats in Rajya Sabha |
Seats in State Assemblies |
Seats in State Councils |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Communist Party of India (Marxist)[28][29] | Communism[30] | 7 November 1964[31][32][33] | Sitaram Yechury (General Secretary)[34][35][36] | 1/31 | 3 / 31
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 10%; height: 100%;"> |
3 / 543
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0.6%; height: 100%;"> |
5 / 245
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 2%; height: 100%;"> |
82 / 4,036
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 2%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 426
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
Communist Parties with State Party Status
- A party should secure at least 6% of valid votes polled in an election to the state legislative assembly and win at least 2 seats in that state assembly.
- A party should secure at least 6% of valid votes polled in an election to Lok Sabha and win at least 1 seat in Lok Sabha.
- A party should win minimum three percent of the total number of seats or a minimum of three seats in the Legislative Assembly, which ever is higher.
- A party should win at least one seat in the Lok Sabha for every 25 seats or any fraction thereof allotted to that State.
- Under the liberalised criteria, one more clause that it will be eligible for recognition as state party if it secures 8% or more of the total valid votes polled in the state.
Election Symbol | Party Flag | Name | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Recognised In | States/UT Governed | Seats in Lok Sabha |
Seats in Rajya Sabha |
Seats in State Assemblies |
Seats in State Councils | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
chief minister | Alliance partner | ||||||||||||
Communist Party of India | Communism | 26 December 1925(98 years ago) | D. Raja | Kerala,
Manipur , Tamil Nadu |
0/31 | 4 / 31
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 13%; height: 100%;"> |
2 / 543
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0.4%; height: 100%;"> |
2 / 245
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0.8%; height: 100%;"> |
22 / 4,036
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0.5%; height: 100%;"> |
1 / 426
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0.2%; height: 100%;"> | |||
![]() |
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation[37] | Communism[38] Marxism–Leninism Maoism[38] |
28 July 1974[39][40][20] | Dipankar Bhattacharya[41][42][43] | Bihar[44] | 0/31 | 2 / 31
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 6%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 543
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 245
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
13 / 4,036
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0.3%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 426
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
||
![]() |
Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)[8] | Communism Marxism–Leninism[45] Revolutionary socialism |
19 March 1940 | Manoj Bhattacharya[46] | Kerala[8] |
0/31 | 0 / 31
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
1 / 543
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0.2%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 245
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 4,036
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 426
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> | ||
![]() |
All India Forward Bloc | Left-wing nationalism Socialism Anti-imperialism Marxism[47] |
22 June 1939 | Debabrata Biswas | West Bengal | 0/31 | 0 / 31
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 543
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 245
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 4,036
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 426
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
Regional Communist Parties
Parties that are regional in nature and are registered yet unrecognised.
Party Flag | Name | Abbr. | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Recognised in | Seats in Lok Sabha |
Seats in Rajya Sabha |
Seats in State Assemblies |
Seats in State Councils |
Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Workers Party of India | WPI | Communism Marxism |
1943 | Manik Dutta | Registered, Unrecognized | 0 / 543
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 245
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 4,036
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 426
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
|||
Peasants and Workers Party of India[8] | PWP/ PWPI |
Communism Marxism–Leninism |
13 June 1948[53] | Jayant Prabhakar Patil | Registered, Unrecognized[8] | 0 / 543
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 245
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
1 / 4,036
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0.02%; height: 100%;"> |
1 / 426
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0.2%; height: 100%;"> |
| ||
Marxist Co-ordination Committee | MCC/ MCO/ M-COR |
Communism Marxism-Leninism Maoism |
1971 | Arup Chatterjee[55][56][57] | Registered, Unrecognized | 0 / 543
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 245
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 4,036
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 426
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
| ||
United Communist Party of India | UCPI | Communism Marxism-Leninism |
1989 | Sukhinder Singh Dhaliwal | Registered, Unrecognized | 0 / 543
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 245
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 4,036
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
0 / 426
<div style="background-color: Script error: No such module "Political party".; width: 0%; height: 100%;"> |
|
Minor Communist Parties
Negligible impact on Indian politics, many don't contest elections or organise. Some of these parties used to be important at state or even national level.
Pro Left Front Parties
Parties that support the Left Front in West Bengal and Tripura-
Election Symbol/Flag | Name | Abbr. | Leader | Founded | Ideology | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Revolutionary Communist Party of India | RCPI | Biren Deka | 1 August 1934 | Communism Anti-Stalinism[58] |
|||
Bolshevik Party of India | BPI | Dilip Mathur | 1939 | Communism Marxism–Leninism |
|||
Marxist Forward Bloc | Jaihind Singh | 12 November 1953 | Marxism Left-wing populism |
||||
Satyashodhak Communist Party | Sharad Patil | 1978 | Marxism Phule thought Ambedkarism Marxism-Phule-Ambedkarism |
||||
![]() |
![]() |
Janathipathiya Samrakshana Samithy | JSS | A. N. Rajan Babu | 1994 | Communism Marxism |
|
Communist Marxist Party (Aravindakshan) | CMP(A) | M. V. Rajesh | 2019 | Communism Marxism |
- Azad Hind Mancha led by Ali Imran Ramz
- Communist Marxist Party (Rajeshkumar) led by M. Rajeshkumar
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist) Kovoor led by Kovoor Kunjumon
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist) Ambalathara led by Ambalathara Sreedharan Nair
Left United Front Parties
Parties in opposition to Left Front in West Bengal and Tripura as well as Left Democratic Front in Kerala-
Logo/Flag | Name | Abbr. | Leader | Founded | Ideology | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) | SUCI(C) | Provash Ghosh | 24 April 1948 | Communism Marxism–Leninism Shibdas Ghosh Thought Anti-revisionism |
||
![]() |
Marxist Communist Party of India (United) | MCPI(U) | Maddikayala Ashok | 2005 | Communism Marxism–Leninism |
||
![]() |
Revolutionary Marxist Party of India | RMPI | Mangat Ram Pasla | 2016 | Communism Marxism–Leninism |
Pro UPA Communist Parties
Part of now defunct Confederation of Indian Communists and Democratic Socialists (CICDS)
- United Communist Party of India led by Mohit Sen
- Communist Marxist Party (John) led by C. P. John
- Party of Democratic Socialism led by Saifuddin Choudhury and Samir Putatundu
- Communist Revolutionary League of India (CRLI) led by Ashim Chatterjee
- Peoples Revolutionary Party of India (Paschimbanga Ganatantrik Manch) led by Sumantha Hira
- Tripura Ganatantrik Manch led by Ajoy Biswas
- Janganotantrik Morcha led by Ajoy Biswas
- Marxist Manch of Assam
- Orissa Communist Party led by Ajay Rout
- Krantikari Samyavadi Party based in Bihar
- Rashtravadi Communist Party based in Uttar Pradesh
- Madhya Pradesh Kisan Mazdoor Adivasi Kranti Dal
Others
Pro-BJP/ NDA Communist Parties
Logo/Flag | Name | Abbr. | Leader | Founded | Ideology | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Communist Party of Revolutionary Marxists | CPRM | Ratna Bahadur Rai | 1996 | Communism Marxism |
|
Other Communist Parties
Logo/Flag | Name | Abbr. | Leader | Founded | Ideology | Notes |
---|
- Lal Nishan Party (Leninvadi)
- New Socialist Alternative
- Telangana Communist Party of India
- Odisha Communist Party
- Bahujana Communist Party
- Lok Sangharsh Morcha
- Revolutionary Socialist Party of Kerala (Bolshevik)
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Left)
- Communist Marxist Party (Aravindakshan)
Pro-armed struggle Communist Parties
Moderate Pro-Naxal/ Maoist Communist Parties
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Class Struggle led by Kanu Sanyal
- Marxist-Leninist Party of India (Red Flag) led by P.C. Unnichekkan
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Red Star led by K.N. Ramchandran
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) New Democracy led by Yatendra Kumar
- State Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) led by Leba Chand Tudu
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Somnath led by Somnath Chatterjee Ukhra and Pradip Banerjee
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Shantipal
- Provisional Central Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) led by Santosh Rana
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist-Leninist) (D.V. Rao)
- Communist Ghadar Party of India
- Communist Party of Bharat led by Ranjan Chakraborty
- Marxist-Leninist Committee led by K. Venkateswar Rao
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Praja Pantha
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Jan Samvad
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Nai Pahal
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) New Proletarian
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Maharashtra
- Revolutionary Socialist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)
Extremist Pro-Naxal/ Maoist Communist Parties
- Communist Party of India (Maoist) led by Muppala Lakshmana Rao
- Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist)
- Communist Revolutionary Centre
- Communist Party of United States of India led by Veeranna
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Janashakti - Koora Rajanna led by Koora Rajanna
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Janashakti - Ranadheer led by Ranadheer
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Janashakti - Chandra Pulla Reddy led by Chandra Pulla Reddy
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Mahadev Mukherjee) led by Mahadev Mukherjee
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Bhaijee
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Prajashakti
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Prathighatana
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Praja Pratighatana
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Second Central Committee
- Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Central Team
- Communist Party Reorganisation Centre of India (Marxist-Leninist)
- Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist) Ramnath
- Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist) Parikalpana
- Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist) Revisionist
- Re-organizing Committee, Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist)
Defunct Communist Parties
Logo | Name | Abbr. | Leaders | Foundation Year | Dissolution Year | Ideology | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All India Communist Party | AICP | Shripad Amrit Dange | 1980 | 1987 | Communism Marxism-Leninism |
| |
Andhra Pradesh Committee of Communist Revolutionaries (Chandra Pulla Reddy) | APCCR (Chandra Pulla Reddy) | Chandra Pulla Reddy | 1971 | 1975 | Communism Marxism-Leninism |
| |
Andhra Pradesh Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries | APCCCR | T. Nagi Reddy | 1968 | 1975 | Communism Marxism-Leninism Maoism |
| |
Bolshevik–Leninist Party of India, Ceylon and Burma | BLPI | Leslie Goonewardene | 1942 | 1947 | Communism Leninism Trotskyism |
| |
Central Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) | COC, CPI(ML) | Jagjit Singh Sohal ("Sharma") | 1974 | ~1982 | Marxism-Leninism |
| |
Central Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Umadhar Singh) | COC, CPI(ML) (Umdhar Singh) | Umadhar Singh | ~1980 | 1985 | Marxism-Leninism |
| |
Central Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Party Unity | CPI(ML) Party Unity | Narayan Sanyal alias Naveen Prasad | 1982 | 1998 | Communism Marxism-Leninism Maoism |
| |
Central Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Shantipal | COC, CPI(ML) Shanti Pal | Shanti Pal (first) Mankhushi Jha (last) |
~1970 | ~2006 | Communism Marxism-Leninism Maoism |
| |
Central Reorganisation Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) | CRC, CPI(ML) | K. Venu | 1979 | 1991 | Communism Marxism-Leninism Maoism |
| |
Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India | CCRI | 1988 | 1994 | Communism Marxism-Leninism |
| ||
Centre of Indian Communists | CIC | 1974 | 1977 | Communism Marxism-Leninism Maoism |
| ||
Communist Consolidation | Hare Krishna Konar | 1935 | 1947 | Indian nationalism Communism Marxism–Leninism |
| ||
Communist League | N. C. Sekhar | 1931 | 1937 | Communism |
| ||
Communist League of India (Marxist–Leninist) | CLI (ML) | Ram Nath (first) | 1978 | ~2019 | Communism Marxism-Leninism Maoism |
| |
Communist Marxist Party | CMP | C. P. John | 1986 | 2014 | Communism Marxism |
| |
Communist Organisation of India (Marxist–Leninist) | COI (ML) | Kanu Sanyal | 1985 | 2003 | Communism Marxism-Leninism |
| |
Communist Party of French India | V. Subbiah | 1940 | 1954 | Communism |
| ||
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Bolshevik | CPI (ML) (Bolshevik) | Jayshree Rana | 1977 | Communism Marxism–Leninism |
|||
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Central Team | CPI(ML) Central Team | 1977 | 1994 | Communism Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism |
| ||
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) New Initiative | CPI (ML) New Initiative | Arvind Sinha | Communism Marxism–Leninism |
| |||
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Unity Initiative | CPI (ML) Unity Initiative | Viswam | 2003 | Communism Marxism–Leninism |
| ||
Communist Party of Indian Union (Marxist–Leninist) | CPIU (ML) | 2003 | Communism Marxism–Leninism |
| |||
Communist Revolutionary Party | Communism | ||||||
Communist Workers Party (India) | CWP | Jyotibhushan Bhattacharya | 1976 | Communism | |||
Comrades Association | Communism | ||||||
Forward Communist Party | FCP | K.N. Joglekar | 1948 | 1952 | Communism |
| |
Forward Communist Party (Anandi Mukherji) | FCP (AM) | Anandi Mukherji | 1952 | 1952 | Communism |
| |
Forward Communist Party (Joglekar) | FCP (J) | K.N. Joglekar | 1952 | 1952 | Communism |
| |
Indian Communist Party | ICP | U. Krishnappa | 1985 | Communism Marxism |
| ||
Indian Communist Party (Sen) | ICP | Mohit Sen | 1988 | Communism Marxism |
| ||
Indian People's Front | IPF | Nagbhushan Patnaik Dipankar Bhattacharya |
1982 | 1994 | Communism |
| |
Inquilabi Communist Sangathan | ICS | Achin Vanaik, Magan Desai, Thakore Shah, Amar Jesani, Vibhuti Patel, Somendra Kumar, Jagabandhu Chattopadhyay and Kunal Chattopadhyay | 1984 | 2004 | Communism Trotskyism |
| |
Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan | LKPH | Singaravelu Chettiar | 1923 | 1925 | Communism Socialism |
| |
Lal Communist Party Hind Union | Teja Singh Swatantra | 1948 | 1952 | Communism Marxism-Leninism |
| ||
Lal Jhanda Dal | Swadesh Mitra | Communism Maoism |
|||||
Lal Nishan Party | LNP | 1965 | 2018 | Communism Marxism–Leninism |
| ||
League Against Gandhism/Gandhi Boycott Committee | 1934 | Communism Anti-Gandhism |
|||||
Liberation Front (Sabuj Sen) | Sabuj Sen | 1985 | Communism Marxism–Leninism Naxalism |
| |||
Marxist Communist Party of India | MCPI | Jagjit Singh Lyallpuri | 1983 | 2005 | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism |
| |
Marxist League (India) | 1933 | 1934 | Communism Marxism |
||||
Marxist League of Kerala | Communism Marxism Trotskyism |
- Marxist Communist Party of India
- Marxist League (India)
- Marxist League of Kerala
- National Democratic Front of Boroland
- National Revolutionary Socialist Party
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Naxalbari
- Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)
- Pakistan Communist Party
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War
- Punjab Communist Revolutionary Committee
- Real Communist Party of India
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Red Flag
- Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Maoist)
- Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Marxist–Leninist)
- Revolutionary Communist Council of India
- Revolutionary Communist Party (India)
- Revolutionary Communist Party of India (Das)
- Revolutionary Communist Party of India (Tagore)
- Revolutionary Communist Unity Centre (Marxist–Leninist)
- Revolutionary Marxist Party
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Sreekandan Nair)
- Revolutionary Socialist Party of India (Marxist)
- Revolutionary Workers Party (India)
- Samyavadi Sangstha
- Socialist Party (Marxist)
- Socialist Workers Party (India)
- Tamil Nadu Communist Party
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Ajmer group)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Anand)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Harbhajan Sohi)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) Subodh Mitra
- Uttar Pradesh Revolutionary Socialist Party
- Workers and Peasants Party (India)
- Workers Revolutionary Party (India)
- Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)
Defunct Naxal-Maoist Communist Parties
Logo | Name | Abbr./A.k.a | Leaders | Foundation Year | Dissolution Year | Ideology | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries | AICCCR | Charu Majumdar; Kanu Sanyal |
1967 | 1969 | Communism Marxism-Leninism |
| |
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) | CPI (ML) | Charu Majumdar | 1969 | 1972 | Communism Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought |
| |
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War | 1980 | 2004 | Communism Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought |
||||
Maoist Communist Centre | MCC | 1975 | 2004 | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism |
Separatist Communist Parties
Active Communist Parties
Manipur
Party Flag | Name | Abbr. | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak | PREPAK | Communism Separatism |
9 November 1977 | |||
![]() |
People's Liberation Army of Manipur | PLA-MP/PLAM | Communism Mao Zedong Thought Separatism |
25 September 1979 | ||
![]() |
Kangleipak Communist Party | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism |
14 April 1980 | Ibungo Ngangom |
The KCP has now been divided into numerous factions.[60] | |
![]() |
Maoist Communist Party of Manipur | MCPM | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism Separatism |
September 2011 | Chiranglen Sapamcha |
Greater Nepal
Party Flag | Name | Abbr. | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Akhil Bharat Nepali Ekta Samaj | ABNES | Maoism Nepalese unity in India |
1979 | Bhot Bahadur thapa hemraj Singh gaman khtri |
Defunct Communist Parties
Bodoland
Logo | Name | Abbr. | Leaders | Foundation Year | Dissolution Year | Ideology | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National Democratic Front of Boroland | NDFB | B. Saoraigwra G. Bidai[61] B.R. Ferrenga |
1986 | 2020 | Ethnic nationalism[62] Marxism Socialism Democracy Separatism |
|
See also
Note: This topic belongs to "India" portal
- Socialism in India
- Communism in India
- Communism in Kerala
- Naxalite
- List of political parties in India
- Politics of India
- List of Naxalite and Maoist groups in India
References
- ↑ "Recognized National Parties". https://eci.gov.in/files/category/267-recognized-national-parties/.
- ↑ "Brief History of CPI - CPI". https://sites.google.com/a/communistparty.in/cpi/brief-history-of-cpi.
- ↑ "Foundation of the Communist Party of India (CPI) in 1925: product of (...) - Mainstream". http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article9916.html.
- ↑ NOORANI, A. G. (17 May 2012). "Origins of Indian communism". https://frontline.thehindu.com/the-nation/article30165649.ece.
- ↑ The Calcutta Historical Journal. 3. University of Calcutta.. 1978. p. 59. https://books.google.com/books?id=WoRDAAAAYAAJ&q=3+May+1939.
- ↑ Padhy, K.S. (2011), Indian Political Thought, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., p. 234, ISBN 978-81-203-4305-4, https://books.google.com/books?id=jEz5soh9P3oC&pg=PA234
- ↑ Fay, Peter W. (1993), The Forgotten Army: India's Armed Struggle for Independence, 1942–1945, University of Michigan Press, ISBN 0-472-08342-2
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013". India: Election Commission of India. 2013. http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf.
- ↑ "Origins of the RSP". https://www.marxists.org/archive/bhattacharya/1982/origins-rsp/ch01.htm.
- ↑ Gupta, Amit Kumar (1997), "Defying Death: Nationalist Revolutionism in India, 1897–1938", Social Scientist 25 (9/10): 3–27, doi:10.2307/351767
- ↑ Sawhney, Simona (2012). "Bhagat Singh". Punjab Reconsidered. pp. 377–402. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198078012.003.0054. ISBN 978-0-19-807801-2.
- ↑ Habib, Irfan (September 1997). "Civil Disobedience 1930–31". Social Scientist 25 (9/10): 43–66. doi:10.2307/3517680.
- ↑ "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18 January 2013". India: Election Commission of India. 2013. https://eci.gov.in/files/category/267-recognized-regional-parties/.
- ↑ "Road to Naxalbari". http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2926/stories/20130111292608800.htm.
- ↑ "Magazine / Reflections : From Naxalbari to Nalgonda". 2004-12-05. http://www.thehindu.com/mag/2004/12/05/stories/2004120500470400.htm.
- ↑ Daily, Peoples. "Spring Thunder Over India". https://www.marxists.org/subject/china/documents/peoples-daily/1967/07/05.htm.
- ↑ "The Naxalbari Uprising" (in en). 30 years of Naxalbari. http://www.bannedthought.net/India/PeoplesMarch/PM1999-2006/publications/30%20years/part1.htm.
- ↑ Nadeem Ahmed. "Naxalite Ideology: Charu's Eight Documents" (in en). The Hindustan Times. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/naxalite-ideology-charu-s-eight-documents/story-hiCWDlzyc5yNRgYkBMX1qL.html.
- ↑ "The Hindustan Times". History of Naxalism. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/history-of-naxalism/story-4f1rZukARGYn3qHOqDMEbM.html.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 "The road from Naxalbari". http://www.flonnet.com/fl2221/stories/20051021008801000.htm.
- ↑ Bhattacharjee, Sumit (2021-06-26). "When Greyhounds struck in Andhra Pradesh's fading red zone" (in en-IN). The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/when-greyhounds-struck-in-andhra-pradeshs-fading-red-zone/article34979972.ece.
- ↑ "Armed revolt in the Red Corridor". Mondiaal Nieuws, Belgium. 2008-06-25. http://www.mo.be/index.php?id=61&no_cache=0&tx_uwnews_pi2%5Bart_id%5D=21704.
- ↑ "Women take up guns in India's red corridor". The Asian Pacific Post. 2008-06-09. http://www.asianpacificpost.com/portal2/ff8080810ba5e679010bbae9487b017f_Indian_woman_red_fighter.do.html.
- ↑ "Rising Maoists Insurgency in India". Global Politician. 2007-05-13. http://www.globalpolitician.com/22790-india.
- ↑ "Bihar ranks third among 10 states hit by Maoist violence". 28 April 2017. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/bihar-ranks-third-among-10-states-hit-by-maoist-violence/articleshow/58406014.cms.
- ↑ "Dynamics of elevation of political parties to State or National Party". Press Information Bureau. 8 March 2014. https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive2/erelease.aspx.
- ↑ "When is a Political Party recognized as a National or State Party?" (in en-US). FACTLY. 28 January 2017. https://www.eci.nic.in/archive/press/current/PN05122k.htm.
- ↑ Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-19-997489-4.
- ↑ "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18 January 2013". India: Election Commission of India. 2013. https://eci.gov.in/files/category/267-recognized-regional-parties/.
- ↑ Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-199-97489-4.
- ↑ "ഇന്ത്യ - ചൈന സംഘർഷം : 1962 ൻ്റെ പാഠങ്ങൾ". http://lnews.in/bcccf8.
- ↑ "CIA papers trace split of Indian Communists" (in en-IN). 30 June 2007. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cia-papers-trace-split-of-indian-communists/articleshow/2162923.cms.
- ↑ "Communist Party in Kerala". CPI(M). http://www.kozhikodepartycongress.org/kerala-cpim-history.php.
- ↑ "New Central Committee Elected at the 22nd Congress". 22 April 2018. https://cpim.org/pressbriefs/new-central-committee-elected-22nd-congress.
- ↑ "Sitaram Yechury re-elected as CPI(M) general secretary". http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/apr/22/sitaram-yechury-re-elected-as-cpim-general-secretary-1804905.html.
- ↑ "Biography of Sitaram Yechuri". 14 March 2011. http://www.winentrance.com/general_knowledge/sitaram-yechuri.html.
- ↑ "Amending Notification regarding Political Parties and their Symbols Dated 01.03.2021". India: Election Commission of India. 2013. https://eci.gov.in/files/file/12953-amending-notification-regarding-political-parties-and-their-symbol-dated-01032021/.
- ↑ 38.0 38.1 "General Programme of CPI(ML)" (in en-US). 6 April 2013. http://cpiml.org/documents-2/10th-congress-cpiml/general-programme-of-cpiml/.
- ↑ "A Lesson In Dynamism And Dedication". http://www.cpiml.org/liberation/year_1999/january/homage11.htm.
- ↑ "Naxalism today". https://cpim.org/marxist/198501_marxist_naxalism_Prakash.htm.
- ↑ Sen, Jai (2012). Imagining Alternatives. Other worlds possible?. Gazipur: Daanish Books. p. 15. ISBN 978-93-81144-14-5.
- ↑ "Organisation". http://cpiml.org/party-organization/.
- ↑ Bhushan, Ranjit (2016). Maoism in India and Nepal. New York: Routledge. p. 27. ISBN 978-1-315-68549-6.
- ↑ "Amending Notification regarding Political Parties and their Symbol dated 01.03.2021". https://eci.gov.in/files/file/12953-amending-notification-regarding-political-parties-and-their-symbol-dated-01032021/.
- ↑ Bidyut Chakrabarty (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-19-997489-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=oEtRBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA61.
- ↑ "Indian citizenship act against humanity: Manoj Bhattacharya". March 2020. https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/politics/indian-citizenship-act-against-humanity-manoj-bhattacharya.
- ↑ "Party constitution". India: All India Forward Bloc. 2017. http://forwardbloc.org/ideology-of-netaji/.
- ↑ "West Bengal: How the Left Front and Its Government Emerged". http://archives.peoplesdemocracy.in/2007/0624/06242007_biman%20basu.htm.
- ↑ "Bengal LF Support to Sept. 2 Strike". 18 August 2015. https://cpim.org/publicissues/bengal-lf-support-sept-2-strike.
- ↑ "'Fading partners': Left parties open debate 'against' Cong". 11 June 2016. https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/left-front-cpm-congress-alliance-biman-bose-2846356/.
- ↑ SansadTV Bureau. "17 Left parties meet to strengthen unity against "communalism" - Sansad TV". Rstv.nic.in. https://rstv.nic.in/17-left-parties-meet-strengthen-unity-communalism.html. Retrieved 2022-05-24.
- ↑ "CPI(M) General Secretary Prakash Karat says efforts on to bring Left forces together". https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-cpim-general-secretary-prakash-karat-says-efforts-on-to-bring-left-forces-together-2026648.
- ↑ Bhole B.L., ’Bharatiya Shetakari Kamgar Paksha’ (Marathi) doctoral dissertation, Nagpur University, 1982, p.37.
- ↑ "NCP, Congress to contest 2019 Lok Sabha polls with Peasants and Workers Party of India: Sharad Pawar" (in en). 2018-12-24. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/ncp-congress-to-contest-2019-lok-sabha-polls-with-peasants-and-workers-party-of-india-sharad-pawar/story-7zcU0ljw5Dm29Yig2L3ixM.html.
- ↑ "Arup Chatterjee MLA of NIRSA Jharkhand contact address & email". https://nocorruption.in/politician/arup-chatterjee/.
- ↑ "MCC MLA announces support to JMM in Jharkhand". 8 July 2013. https://zeenews.india.com/news/jharkhand/mcc-mla-announces-support-to-jmm-in-jharkhand_860887.html.
- ↑ "Arup Chatterjee Election Result Nirsa Live: Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) Election Results 2019 Arup Chatterjee Nirsa Seat". https://www.news18.com/jharkhand-assembly-elections-2019/arup-chatterjee-nirsa-candidate-s27a039c01/.
- ↑ "The Defeat of the Left Front and the Search for Alternative Leftism - Radical Socialist". http://www.radicalsocialist.in/articles/national-situation/614-the-defeat-of-the-left-front-and-the-search-for-alternative-leftism.
- ↑ "BJP embarks on hill drive". https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/bjp-embarks-on-hill-drive/cid/1803481.
- ↑ "KCP's ultra-Left turn worries Manipur | Guwahati News - Times of India". 17 September 2011. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/KCPs-ultra-Left-turn-worries-Manipur/articleshow/10016542.cms.
- ↑ "Catch me if you can: Bidai". https://www.telegraphindia.com/1160108/jsp/northeast/story_62699.jsp.
- ↑ Andrew T. .H. Tan (18 October 2010). Politics of Terrorism: A Survey. Routledge. p. 190. ISBN 978-1-136-83336-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=qXerAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA190.
- ↑ "After 34 yrs of armed struggle, NDFB finally disbands itself | India News - Times of India". 11 March 2020. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/after-34-yrs-of-armed-struggle-ndfb-finally-disbands-itself/articleshow/74568295.cms.
![]() | Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of communist parties in India.
Read more |