Template:Infobox polonium

Polonium, ₈₄Po

Polonium
Pronunciation	/pəˈloʊniəm/ ​(pə-LOH-nee-əm)
Allotropes	α, β
Appearance	silvery
Mass number	[209]
Polonium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Te ↑ Po ↓ Lv bismuth ← polonium → astatine
Atomic number (Z)	84
Group	group 16 (chalcogens)
Period	period 6
Block	p-block
Element category	p-block, but this status is disputed
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 6
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	527 K ​(254 °C, ​489 °F)
Boiling point	1235 K ​(962 °C, ​1764 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	alpha: 9.196 g/cm3 beta: 9.398 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	ca. 13 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	102.91 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	26.4 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) (846) 1003 1236
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−2, +2, +4, +5, +6 (an amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.0
Ionization energies	1st: 812.1 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 168 pm
Covalent radius	140±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	197 pm
Spectral lines of polonium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	from decay
Crystal structure	​cubic α-Po
Crystal structure	​rhombohedral β-Po
Thermal expansion	23.5 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	20 W/(m·K) (?)
Electrical resistivity	α: 0.40 µΩ·m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	nonmagnetic
CAS Number	7440-08-6
History
Naming	after Polonia, Latin for Poland, homeland of Marie Curie
Discovery	Pierre and Marie Curie (1898)
First isolation	Willy Marckwald (1902)
Main isotopes of polonium
Iso­tope Abun­dance Physics:Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 208Po syn 2.898 y α 204Pb β+ 208Bi 209Po syn 125.2 y α 205Pb β+ 209Bi 210Po trace 138.376 d α 206Pb

Po data m.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	254	—	—
K	527	527	0
F	489	489	0
max precision	0
WD
input	C: 254, K: 527, F: 489
comment

Po data b.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	962	—	—
K	1235	1235	0
F	1764	1764	0
max precision	0
WD
input	C: 962, K: 1235, F: 1764
comment

PTChemistry:polonium

Bi ← i'box Bi	iso84Po  infobox  isobox	→ At i'box At
Commons  Wikidata:Q979  Wiktionary Indexes in PT: § below · Page

[]  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Chemistry:Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Physics:Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03) See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

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