Astronomy:702 Alauda

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702 Alauda
702Ala-mag13-occult.jpg
702 Alauda as seen an hour after occulting TYC 1920-00620-1[1]
Discovery [2][3]
Discovered byJ. Helffrich
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date1910
Designations
(702) Alauda
Pronunciation/əˈlɔːdə/[7][8]
Named afterAlauda (genus of Birds)[4]
1910 KQ
Minor planet categorymain-belt · (outer) [5]
Alauda [6]
AdjectivesAlaudian
Orbital characteristics [2]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc106.89 yr (39,040 days)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}3.2533 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}3.1372 AU
3.1953 AU
Eccentricity0.0182
Orbital period5.71 yr (2,086 days)
Mean anomaly311.58°
Mean motion0° 10m 21.36s / day
Inclination20.589°
Longitude of ascending node289.77°
349.49°
Known satellites1 (Pichi üñëm)[9][10]
Physical characteristics
Dimensions163.98±57.99 km[11]
172.29±55.38 km[12]
175 km[13]
190.58±2.65 km[14]
190.980±1.973 km[15]
194.73±3.2 km[16]
201.961±4.642 km[17]
202±20 km[18]
Mass1018 kg[19]
Mean density(1.57 ± 0.5) g/cm3[19]
Rotation period8.3531 h (0.34805 d)[5]
Geometric albedo0.0587±0.002[2]
C (Tholen)[2]
B (SMASSII)[2]
Apparent magnitude11.42 to 13.57[20]
Absolute magnitude (H)7.25[2]


702 Alauda /əˈlɔːdə/, provisional designation 1910 KQ, is a carbonaceous asteroid and binary system from the outer asteroid belt, approximately 190 kilometers in diameter.[2] It is the parent body of the Alauda family. Discovered in 1910 by German astronomer Joseph Helffrich at Heidelberg Observatory, it was named after the lark (alauda).[3][4] Its small moon, named Pichi üñëm, was discovered in 2007.[10][21]

Satellite

Alauda's satellite Pichi üñëm provisionally known as S/2007 (702) 1, was discovered on 26 July 2007 from observations using adaptive-optics imaging with the European Southern Observatory (ESO) 8-m Very Large Telescope (VLT) on Cerro Paranal, Chile.[10] It is about 3.5 km in diameter (assuming it has the same albedo as the primary) and orbits Alauda in a nearly circular orbit at a distance of 1226.5±24 km. Pichi üñëm takes 4.91 days to complete one orbit.[19][21][22] It was named Pichi üñëm (Mapuche pronunciation: [ˈpɪtʃi ɨˈɲɘm], approximately /ˈpɪtʃi ɪˈnjʌm/), meaning "little bird" in the Mapuche language of Chile , the country from which the moon was discovered.[23]

Orbital characteristics

Alauda has been identified as the largest member of the Alauda family, a dynamical family of bright carbonaceous asteroids with more than a thousand known members.[24]:23 Other members of this family include: 581 Tauntonia, 1101 Clematis, 1838 Ursa, 3139 Shantou, 3325 TARDIS, 4368 Pillmore, 5360 Rozhdestvenskij, 5815 Shinsengumi, and many others.[25] Alauda's moon may be a result of the collision that created the asteroid family.[10]

Physical characteristics

The discovery and tracking of Alauda's moon enabled Alauda's mass to be determined. The discoverers of the moon, Patricio Rojo and Jean-Luc Margot, estimated Alauda's mass to be (6.057 ± 0.36)×1018 kg and its density to be (1.57 ± 0.5) g/cm3.[19]

Occultations

Alauda has been observed to occult stars on several occasions, providing important information on its size and shape. It produced occultations on 2001-07-12 and 2004-04-21.[26] It may have occulted an apparent magnitude 9.5 star in the constellation of Gemini on 2009-10-17 at 08:18 UT.[1] This event should have been visible from Uruguay, Argentina, and Chile.[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Steve Preston. "(702) Alauda / TYC 1920-00620-1 event on 2009 Oct 17, 08:18 UT". Asteroid Occultation Updates. http://www.asteroidoccultation.com/2009_10/1017_702_18049_Summary.txt. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 702 Alauda (1910 KQ)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2000702. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "702 Alauda (1910 KQ)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=702. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(702) Alauda". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 68. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_703. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "LCDB Data for (702) Alauda". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=702%7CAlauda. 
  6. ↑ "Asteroid 702 Alauda – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=702+Alauda. 
  7. ↑ "Alauda". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Alauda. 
  8. ↑ 'Alaude' in Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
  9. ↑ Johnston, Robert (21 September 2014). "(702) Alauda". johnstonsarchive.net. http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-00702.html. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Margot, Jean-Luc; Rojo, P. (October 2007). "Discovery of a Satellite to Asteroid Family Member (702) Alauda". American Astronomical Society 39: 440. Bibcode: 2007DPS....39.1608M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2007DPS....39.1608M. Retrieved 27 February 2018. 
  11. ↑ Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T. et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal 814 (2): 13. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Bibcode: 2015ApJ...814..117N. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N. Retrieved 6 November 2017. 
  12. ↑ Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T. et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal 152 (3): 12. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Bibcode: 2016AJ....152...63N. 
  13. ↑ Marchis, F.; Kaasalainen, M.; Hom, E. F. Y.; Berthier, J.; Enriquez, J.; Hestroffer, D. et al. (November 2006). "Shape, size and multiplicity of main-belt asteroids. I. Keck Adaptive Optics survey". Icarus 185 (1): 39–63. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.001. PMID 19081813. Bibcode: 2006Icar..185...39M. 
  14. ↑ Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode: 2011PASJ...63.1117U. http://pasj.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/5/1117.full.pdf+html. Retrieved 17 October 2019.  (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  15. ↑ Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C. et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 759 (1): 5. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Bibcode: 2012ApJ...759L...8M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M. Retrieved 6 November 2017. 
  16. ↑ Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode: 2004PDSS...12.....T. https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab. Retrieved 22 October 2019. 
  17. ↑ Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D. et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 25. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...741...90M. 
  18. ↑ Alí-Lagoa, V.; de León, J.; Licandro, J.; Delbó, M.; Campins, H.; Pinilla-Alonso, N. et al. (June 2013). "Physical properties of B-type asteroids from WISE data". Astronomy and Astrophysics 554: 16. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220680. Bibcode: 2013A&A...554A..71A. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2013A&A...554A..71A. Retrieved 6 November 2017. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 Rojo, P.; Margot, J. L. (February 2011). "Mass and Density of the B-type Asteroid (702) Alauda". The Astrophysical Journal 727 (2): 5. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/727/2/69. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...727...69R. 
  20. ↑ Magnitudes generated with JPL Horizons for the year 1950 through 2100
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 P. Rojo and J.L. Margot (2007-08-02). "Electronic Telegram No. 1016: S/2007 (702) 1". IAU Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/cbet/001000/CBET001016.txt. 
  22. ↑ "Asteroid and Dwarf Planet News". http://www.britastro.org/asteroids/Asteroid%20news.htm. 
  23. ↑ "New Names of Minor Planets". https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/2011/MPC_20111012.pdf.  (2.19 MB)
  24. ↑ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131. Bibcode: 2015aste.book..297N. 
  25. ↑ "Opposition dates and magnitudes for 702 family members (2004–2008)". Italian organization of minor planet observers. http://asteroidi.uai.it/family/fam702.txt. 
  26. ↑ David Dunham. "Observed asteroidal occultation list". http://mpocc.astro.cz/world/mpocc1.txt. 

External links



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