Biology:Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase
protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase | |||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||
EC number | 2.3.2.13 | ||||||||
CAS number | 80146-85-6 | ||||||||
Databases | |||||||||
IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
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In enzymology, a protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.13) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- protein glutamine + alkylamine [math]\displaystyle{ \rightleftharpoons }[/math] protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are protein glutamine and alkylamine, whereas its two products are protein N(5)-alkylglutamine and NH3.
This enzyme participates in complement and coagulation cascades and Huntington's disease. It employs one cofactor, calcium.
Nomenclature
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the aminoacyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is protein-glutamine:amine gamma-glutamyltransferase. Other names in common use include:
- factor XIIIa,
- fibrin stabilizing factor,
- fibrinoligase,
- glutaminylpeptide gamma-glutamyltransferase,
- polyamine transglutaminase,
- R-glutaminyl-peptide:amine gamma-glutamyl transferase
- tissue transglutaminase, and
- transglutaminase.
Structural studies
As of late 2007, 19 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1EVU, 1EX0, 1F13, 1FIE, 1G0D, 1GGT, 1GGU, 1GGY, 1IU4, 1KV3, 1L9M, 1L9N, 1NUD, 1NUF, 1NUG, 1QRK, 1RLE, 1SGX, and 1VJJ.
References
- "Mechanism of action of guinea pig liver transglutaminase. I Purification and properties of the enzyme: identification of a functional cysteine essential for activity". J. Biol. Chem. 241 (23): 5518–25. 1966. PMID 5928192.
- "The epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine crosslink and the catalytic role of transglutaminases". Adv. Protein. Chem.. Advances in Protein Chemistry 31: 1–133. 1977. doi:10.1016/S0065-3233(08)60217-X. ISBN 978-0-12-034231-0. PMID 73346.
- "Primary structure of blood coagulation factor XIIIa (fibrinoligase, transglutaminase) from human placenta". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (21): 8019–23. 1986. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.21.8019. PMID 2877456.