Astronomy:11277 Ballard

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Short description: Asteroid
11277 Ballard
Discovery[1]
Discovered byC. Shoemaker
E. Shoemaker
Discovery sitePalomar Obs.
Discovery date8 October 1988
Designations
(11277) Ballard
Named afterRobert Ballard[1]
(American oceanographer)
1988 TW2 · 1995 MG
Minor planet categorymain-belt[1][2] · (inner)
Phocaea[3][4]
Orbital characteristics[2]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc28.73 yr (10,493 d)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}2.9757 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}1.8295 AU
2.4026 AU
Eccentricity0.2385
Orbital period3.72 yr (1,360 d)
Mean anomaly22.337°
Mean motion0° 15m 52.92s / day
Inclination22.787°
Longitude of ascending node254.59°
43.574°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter6.298±0.075 km[3][5][6]
Rotation period>10 h[7]
Geometric albedo0.222[5][6]
S (assumed)[4]
Absolute magnitude (H)13.00[5][8][9]
13.10[1][2][4][10]
13.53[11]


11277 Ballard (provisional designation 1988 TW2) is a Phocaea asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 6.3 kilometers (3.9 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 8 October 1988, by American astronomer couple Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California.[1] The assumed S-type asteroid has a rotation period of at least 10 hours.[4] It was named for American marine scientist Robert Ballard.[1]

Orbit and classification

Ballard is a member of the Phocaea family (701).[3] It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.83–2.98 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,360 days; semi-major axis of 2.4 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.24 and an inclination of 23° with respect to the ecliptic.[2] The body's observation arc begins with a precovery taken at Palomar in September 1988, just four weeks prior to its official discovery observation.[1] Ballard is not a Mars-crosser, since its aphelion is larger than 1.67 AU.[2]

Naming

This minor planet was named after American marine scientist Robert Ballard (born 1942), a professor of oceanography and director of the Deep Submergence Laboratory, who is known for the discovery of the RMS Titanic and the German battleship Bismarck. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 26 May 2002 (M.P.C. 45748).[12]

Physical characteristics

Ballard is an assumed, stony S-type asteroid,[4] in line with the Phocaea family's overall spectral type.[13]:23

Rotation period

In July 2010, a rotational lightcurve of Ballard was obtained from two nights of photometric observations in the R-band by Italian astronomer Albino Carbognani at the OAVdA Observatory (B04) in Italy. Lightcurve analysis gave a tentative rotation period of at least 10 hours with a brightness amplitude of more than 0.25 magnitude ({{{1}}}).[7]

Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Ballard measures between 5.65 and 6.445 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.19 and 0.289.[3][4][5][6][8][9][10][11]

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.23 – derived from the family's largest member, 25 Phocaea – and calculates a diameter of 6.65 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 13.1.[4]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 "11277 Ballard (1988 TW2)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=11277. Retrieved 25 September 2018. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 11277 Ballard (1988 TW2)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2011277. Retrieved 25 September 2018. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Asteroid 11277 Ballard". Small Bodies Data Ferret. https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=11277+Ballard. Retrieved 25 September 2018. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 "LCDB Data for (11277) Ballard". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=11277%7CBallard. Retrieved 25 September 2018. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; Kramer, E. A.; Masiero, J. R. et al. (June 2016). "NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR-A-COMPIL-5-NEOWISEDIAM-V1.0. Bibcode: 2016PDSS..247.....M. https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/non_mission/EAR_A_COMPIL_5_NEOWISEDIAM_V1_0/data/neowise_mainbelt.tab. Retrieved 25 September 2018. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R. et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal 791 (2): 11. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...791..121M. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Carbognani, Albino (January 2011). "Lightcurves and Periods of Eighteen NEAs and MBAs". The Minor Planet Bulletin 38 (1): 57–63. ISSN 1052-8091. Bibcode: 2011MPBu...38...57C. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C. et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 759 (1): 5. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Bibcode: 2012ApJ...759L...8M. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D. et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 25. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...741...90M.  (catalog)
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T. et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal 814 (2): 13. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Bibcode: 2015ApJ...814..117N. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T. et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal 152 (3): 12. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Bibcode: 2016AJ....152...63N. 
  12. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html. Retrieved 25 September 2018. 
  13. ↑ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131. Bibcode: 2015aste.book..297N. 

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