Astronomy:1425 Tuorla

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1425 Tuorla
Discovery[1]
Discovered byK. Inkeri
Discovery siteTurku Obs.
Discovery date3 April 1937
Designations
(1425) Tuorla
Named afterTuorla Observatory[2]
(Inst. for Astronomy and Optics)
1937 GB · 1950 KC
1950 LQ
Minor planet categorymain-belt · (middle)
Eunomia[3][4]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc67.14 yr (24,522 days)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}2.8766 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}2.3483 AU
2.6125 AU
Eccentricity0.1011
Orbital period4.22 yr (1,542 days)
Mean anomaly40.218°
Mean motion0° 14m 0.24s / day
Inclination12.975°
Longitude of ascending node185.99°
342.25°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions11.795±0.874 km[5]
14.34±1.08 km[6]
14.94±1.1 km[3][7]
Rotation period6.76±0.01 h[lower-alpha 1]
6.97±0.01 h[8]
7.748±0.0027 h[9]
7.75±0.06 h[10]
Geometric albedo0.2389 (derived)[3]
0.2390±0.040[7]
0.260±0.041[6]
0.383±0.083[5]
S[3][11]
Absolute magnitude (H)11.173±0.003 (R)[9] · 11.30[3][5][6][7] · 11.4[1] · 11.91±0.41[11]


1425 Tuorla, provisional designation 1937 GB, is a stony Eunomian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 3 April 1937, by Finnish astronomer Kustaa Inkeri at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory in Turku, southwestern Finland.[12] The asteroid was named after the Tuorla Observatory of the University of Turku.[2] It was Kustaa Inkeri's only asteroid discovery.[13]

Orbit and classification

Tuorla is a member of the Eunomia family (502),[3][4] a prominent family of stony asteroids and the largest one in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 members.[14]:23 It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.3–2.9 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,542 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins at Turku, the night before its official discovery observation.[12]

Physical characteristics

Tuorla has been characterized as a stony S-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS photometric survey,[11] in accordance with the overall spectral type for members of the Eunomia family.[14]:23

Rotation period

In April 2013, the so-far best-rated a rotational lightcurve of Tuorla was obtained from photometric observations by astronomer Vladimir Benishek at Belgrade Observatory in Serbia. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 7.75 hours (h) with a brightness variation of 0.24 magnitude ({{{1}}}).[10] Other lightcurves were obtained by Alfonso Carreno Garceran (6.76 h),[lower-alpha 1] Laurent Bernasconi (7.75 h),[8] and the Palomar Transient Factory (7.748 h),[9]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Tuorla measures between 11.795 and 14.94 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.2390 and 0.383.[5][6][7] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.2389 and adopts a diameter of 14.94 kilometers from IRAS, based on an absolute magnitude of 11.3.[3]

Naming

This minor planet was named after the Tuorla Observatory, the Research Institute for Astronomy and Optics, of the University of Turku, located in Piikkiö near Turku, Finland.[2] The Tuorla Observatory was established by prolific minor-planet discoverer Yrjö Väisälä in 1952, as an alternative to the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory, where this asteroid was discovered. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 30 January 1964 (M.P.C. 2277).[15]

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Garceran (2013) web: rotation period hours with a brightness amplitude of mag. Summary figures for (1425) Tuorla at LCDB

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1425 Tuorla (1937 GB)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001425. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1425) Tuorla". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 114. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1426. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 "LCDB Data for (1425) Tuorla". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1425%7CTuorla. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Asteroid 1425 Tuorla – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1425+Tuorla#Asteroid%201425%20TuorlaEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0. Retrieved 26 October 2019. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C. et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 759 (1): 5. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Bibcode: 2012ApJ...759L...8M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode: 2011PASJ...63.1117U.  (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode: 2004PDSS...12.....T. https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab. Retrieved 17 October 2019. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1425) Tuorla". Geneva Observatory. http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001425. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal 150 (3): 35. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Bibcode: 2015AJ....150...75W. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015AJ....150...75W. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Benishek, Vladimir (April 2014). "Rotation Period Determination for 1425 Tuorla, 1468 Zomba, 1486 Marilyn, 2112 Ulyanov, and (101158) 2000 OL". The Minor Planet Bulletin 41 (2): 126–127. ISSN 1052-8091. Bibcode: 2014MPBu...41..126B. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014MPBu...41..126B. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus 261: 34–47. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Bibcode: 2015Icar..261...34V. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "1425 Tuorla (1937 GB)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1425. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  13. ↑ "Minor Planet Discoverers (by number)". Minor Planet Center. 5 October 2017. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/MPDiscsNum.html. Retrieved 26 October 2017. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131. Bibcode: 2015aste.book..297N. 
  15. ↑ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2009). "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7. https://archive.org/details/dictionaryminorp2008schm. 

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