Astronomy:378 Holmia

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378 Holmia
A three-dimensional model of 378 Holmia based on its light curve
Discovery[1]
Discovered byAuguste Charlois
Discovery date6 December 1893
Designations
(378) Holmia
Pronunciation/ˈhoʊ(l)miə/
Named afterStockholm
A893 XA · 1953 XS1 · 1960 FJ · 1962 TP · 1962 UC · 1979 KP1[2][lower-alpha 1]
Minor planet categoryMain belt
Orbital characteristics[2]
Epoch 21 November 2025 (JD 2461000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc131.53 yr (48040 d)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}3.1363 astronomical unit|AU (469.18 Gm)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}2.4170 AU (361.58 Gm)
2.7767 AU (415.39 Gm)
Eccentricity0.1295
Orbital period4.6269 yr (1690.0 d)
Average Orbital speed17.88 km/s
Mean anomaly217.667°
Mean motion0° 12m 46.8s / day
Inclination7.0123°
Longitude of ascending node232.356°
156.671°
Jupiter MOID2.3037 AU
TJupiter3.312
Physical characteristics
Dimensions27.831 km
Sidereal rotation period4.440 ± 0.009 h (0.18500 ± 0.00038 d)[4]: 260 
Geometric albedo0.339[2]
S-type[5]: 212 
Absolute magnitude (H)9.81[2]


378 Holmia is a stony asteroid located in the main asteroid belt.[6] It was discovered by Auguste Charlois on 6 December 1893, in Nice. Its name comes from the Holmia, the Latin name for Stockholm, the capital of Sweden. It is irregular in shape and 27.831 kilometres (17.293 mi) in diameter, rotating once every 4.44 hours.

Discovery and naming

Holmia was discovered by astronomer Auguste Charlois on 6 December 1893 at Nice Observatory.[1] It was given the provisional designation 1893 AP and assigned the number (378),[3] and its discovery was announced in the journal Astronomische Nachrichten on 13 December.[7] The asteroid is named after the Latin form of Sweden's capital, Stockholm—Holmia. This etymology is shared with element 67, holmium.[8][9]

In 1925, the old-style scheme for minor planet provisional designations was replaced by the scheme currently in use. The Minor Planet Center (MPC) has since retroactively applied the new-style scheme to pre-1925 designations. [10] Thus, Holmia's provisional designation given upon its discovery was changed to A893 XA.[2]

Orbit

An orbital diagram of 378 Holmia, located between Mars and Jupiter. The grid of the ecliptic plane is shown.

Holmia orbits the Sun at an average distance—its semi-major axis—of 2.78 astronomical units (AU),[2] placing it in the main asteroid belt.[4]: 260  Along its 4.63 year long orbit, its distance from the Sun varies from 2.42 AU at perihelion to 3.14 AU at aphelion due to its orbital eccentricity of 0.13. Its orbit is inclined by 7.01° with respect to the ecliptic plane.[2]

Physical characteristics

Holmia has an estimated diameter of 27.831 kilometres (17.293 mi).[2] Under the Tholen classification scheme, it is categorized as an S-type asteroid,[5]: 212  and it has a geometric albedo of 0.339.[2] Analysis of its lightcurve, or variations in its observed brightness, suggests that it has a rotation period of 4.44 hours.[4]: 260  Its lightcurve also indicates that it is irregular in shape, with flat features near its equator.[11]: 564–565 

Notes

  1. ↑ The MPC notates Holmia's retroactive new-style designation as 1893 XA.[1] Its old-style designation was 1893 AP.[3]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "(378) Holmia = 1893 XA = 1953 XS1 = 1960 FJ = 1962 TP = 1962 UC = 1979 KP1". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?utf8=%E2%9C%93&object_id=378. Retrieved 5 November 2025. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 "378 Holmia (A893 XA)". JPL Small-Body Database. NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=378. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Berberich, A. (February 1894). "Elemente der Planeten (374), (375), (376) und (378)" (in German). Astronomische Nachrichten 134 (20): 335. doi:10.1002/asna.18941342003. Bibcode: 1894AN....134..335B. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Farfán, Rafael González (July 2024). "Analysis and Lightcurves of 22 Asteroids". The Minor Planet Bulletin 51 (3): 259–263. Bibcode: 2024MPBu...51..259F. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 di Martino, M.; Dotto, E.; Barucci, M. A.; Fulchignoni, M.; Rotundi, A. (May 1994). "Photoelectric Photometry of Ten Small and Fast Spinning Asteroids". Icarus 109 (1): 210–218. doi:10.1006/icar.1994.1087. Bibcode: 1994Icar..109..210D. 
  6. ↑ Hirsch, R (2005). "Photometry and models of selected main belt asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics 478 (2): 329–335. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078930. Bibcode: 2008A&A...478..559M. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/240499074. 
  7. ↑ Perrotin, Henri Joseph Anastase (December 1893). "Neuer Planet 1893 AP" (in French). Astronomische Nachrichten 134: 167. Bibcode: 1893AN....134..167B. 
  8. ↑ Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. 2 (6 ed.). Springer Berlin, Heidelberg. 11 November 2013. pp. 1452. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-29718-2. ISBN 978-3-642-29717-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=eHv1CAAAQBAJ&pg=PA70. 
  9. ↑ "Holmium". Royal Society of Chemistry. https://periodic-table.rsc.org/element/67/holmium. 
  10. ↑ "Provisional Designations". Minor Planets Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpcops/documentation/provisional-designation-definition/#oldstyle_provid. 
  11. ↑ Marciniak, A. (February 2008). "Photometry and models of selected main belt asteroids V. 73 Klytia, 377 Campania, and 378 Holmia". Astronomy and Astrophysics 478 (2): 559–565. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078930. Bibcode: 2008A&A...478..559M. 



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