Astronomy:764 Gedania

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764 Gedania
Discovery [1]
Discovered byF. Kaiser
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date26 September 1913
Designations
(764) Gedania
Pronunciation/ɡɪˈdeɪniə/
Named afterCity of Gdańsk [2]
A913 SF · A902 WD
A908 YE · A918 TA
1913 SU
Minor planet category
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc117.43 yr (42,893 d)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}3.5027 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}2.9000 AU
3.2013 AU
Eccentricity0.0941
Orbital period5.73 yr (2,092 d)
Mean anomaly242.58°
Mean motion0° 10m 19.56s / day
Inclination10.018°
Longitude of ascending node258.94°
156.65°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
  • 58.28±1.4 km[7]
  • 64.338±14.27 km[8]
  • 74.59±1.39 km[9]
Rotation period24.9751±0.0007 h[10]
Geometric albedo
  • 0.052±0.002[9]
  • 0.0608±0.03[8]
  • 0.0840±0.004[7]
Absolute magnitude (H)


764 Gedania (prov. designation: A913 SF or 1913 SU) is a large background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 60 kilometers (37 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 26 September 1913, by German astronomer Franz Kaiser at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany.[1] The carbonaceous C-type asteroid has a rotation period of 24.98 hours. It was named after the Polish city of Gdańsk where the discoverer was an assistant at the observatory during the 1920s.[2]

Orbit and classification

Gedania is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements.[4][5][6] It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.9–3.5 AU once every 5 years and 9 months (2,092 days; semi-major axis of 3.2 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic.[3] The body's observation arc begins with its first observation as A902 WD at Heidelberg Observatory in November 1902, almost 11 years prior to its official discovery observation by Franz Kaiser.[1]

Naming

This minor planet was named after the Latin name of the city of Gdańsk, Poland (formerly Free City of Danzig) where the discoverer, Franz Kaiser (1891–1962), was an assistant at the observatory during the early 1920s. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 77). Asteroid 1419 Danzig was also named by its German name for the city of Gdańsk.[2]

Physical characteristics

In the Tholen classification, Gedania is a common carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[3] It has also been classified as an hydrated Ch-type and as a Caa type in the Tholen- and SMASS-like taxonomic variant of the Small Solar System Objects Spectroscopic Survey (S3OS2).[5][11]

Rotation period

In February 2006, a rotational lightcurve of Gedania was obtained from photometric observations by collaborating astronomers Roberto Crippa, Federico Manzini (A12), René Roy, Donn Starkey, Raoul Behrend and Laurent Bernasconi. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 24.9751±0.0007 hours with a brightness variation of 0.35±0.01 magnitude ({{{1}}}).[10] Observations by Aznar, Brinsfield and Pál, gave an alternative period determination of 19.16±0.04, 24.817±0.005 and 25.1172±0.0005 hours, respectively ({{{1}}}).[12][13][14]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer and the Japanese Akari satellite, Gedania measures 58.28±1.4, 64.338±14.27 and 74.59±1.39 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.0840±0.004, 0.0608±0.03 and 0.052±0.002, respectively.[7][8][9] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0754 and a diameter of 58.18 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.6.[12] An alternative mean-diameter measurement published by the WISE team gave (66.30±18.01 km) with corresponding albedo of (0.04±0.05).[12] On 5 February 2006, an asteroid occultation of Gedania gave a best-fit ellipse dimension of (58.0 km × 58.0 km), with a poor quality rating of 1. These timed observations are taken when the asteroid passes in front of a distant star.[5]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "764 Gedania (A913 SF)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=764. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(764) Gedania". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 72. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_765. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 764 Gedania (A913 SF)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2000764. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Asteroid 764 Gedania – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=764. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Asteroid 764 Gedania". Small Bodies Data Ferret. https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=764+Gedania. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Zappalà, V.; Bendjoya, Ph.; Cellino, A.; Farinella, P.; Froeschle, C. (1997). "Asteroid Dynamical Families". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR-A-5-DDR-FAMILY-V4.1. https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/non_mission/EAR_A_5_DDR_FAMILY_V4_1/data/family.tab. Retrieved 28 May 2020.  (PDS main page)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode: 2004PDSS...12.....T. https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab. Retrieved 28 May 2020. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Masiero, Joseph R.; Nugent, C.; Mainzer, A. K.; Wright, E. L.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M. et al. (October 2017). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Three: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal 154 (4): 10. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa89ec. Bibcode: 2017AJ....154..168M. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode: 2011PASJ...63.1117U.  (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (764) Gedania". Geneva Observatory. http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page3cou.html#000764. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Lazzaro, D.; Angeli, C. A.; Carvano, J. M.; Mothé-Diniz, T.; Duffard, R.; Florczak, M. (November 2004). "S3OS2: the visible spectroscopic survey of 820 asteroids". Icarus 172 (1): 179–220. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.06.006. Bibcode: 2004Icar..172..179L. http://sirrah.troja.mff.cuni.cz/yarko-site/tmp/eos/NEW/spectral_type_figure/s3os2.pdf. Retrieved 28 May 2020. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 "LCDB Data for (764) Gedania". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=764. 
  13. ↑ Brinsfield, James W. (January 2010). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Via Capote Observatory: 2009 3rd Quarter". Minor Planet Bulletin 37 (1): 19–20. ISSN 1052-8091. Bibcode: 2010MPBu...37...19B. http://www.minorplanet.info/MPB/issues/MPB_37-1.pdf. 
  14. ↑ Pál, András; Szakáts, Róbert; Kiss, Csaba; Bódi, Attila; Bognár, Zsófia; Kalup, Csilla et al. (March 2020). "Solar System Objects Observed with TESS—First Data Release: Bright Main-belt and Trojan Asteroids from the Southern Survey". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 247 (1): 26. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab64f0. ISSN 0067-0049. Bibcode: 2020ApJS..247...26P. 

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