Astronomy:A0620-00

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Short description: Binary star in the constellation Monoceros
A0620-00
V616MonLightCurve.png
A visual band light curve for V616 Monocerotis, adapted from van Grunsven et al. (2017)[1]
Observation data
Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS)
Constellation Monoceros
Right ascension  06h 22m 44.542s[2]
Declination −00° 20′ 44.29″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) 11.2[3]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Black hole + main sequence[4]
Spectral type K2 V[5]
Variable type X-ray nova, Ellipsoidal[6]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−5±12[7] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −0.439[2] mas/yr
Dec.: −5.138[2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)0.6969 ± 0.1168[2] mas
Distanceapprox. 4,700 ly
(approx. 1,400 pc)
Orbit
Period (P)7.75234 ± 0.00010[7] hr
Inclination (i)50.98 ± 0.87[4]°
Periastron epoch (T)JD 2446082.7481 ± 0.0008[7]
Semi-amplitude (K1)
(primary)		457 ± 8[7] km/s
Details
Black hole
Mass5.86±1.24[8] M☉
Star
Mass0.34±0.03[8] M☉
Radius1.057[9] R☉
Luminosity0.44[9] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)5.0[5] cgs
Temperature5,000[5] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.0[5] dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)83.8±1.9[5] km/s
Other designations
1A 0620-00, INTREF 297, Nova Mon 1917, Nova Mon 1975, Mon X-1, V616 Mon[3]
Database references
SIMBADdata

A0620-00 (abbreviated from 1A 0620-00) is a binary star system in the constellation of Monoceros, with an apparent magnitude of 11.2

A0620-00 consists of two objects. The first object is a K-type main-sequence star.[4][5] The second object cannot be seen, but based on its calculated mass of 6.6 M☉,[4] it is too massive to be a neutron star and must therefore be a stellar-mass black hole.[7] The two objects orbit each other every 7.75 hours.[7] At a distance of roughly 3,300 light-years (1,000 parsecs) away, the black hole of A0620-00 would be one of the nearest known black holes to the Solar System, closer than GRO J1655-40.[10]

This image of A0620-00 was created from Sloan Digital Sky Survey data in visible and infrared light (filters u,g,i,z) and spans roughly 8 arcminutes.

A0620-00 has undergone two X-ray outbreaks. The first one was in 1917.[11] The second burst, in 1975, was detected by the Ariel 5 satellite.[12] During that time, A0620-00 was the brightest X-ray point source.[7] It is now classified as an X-ray nova.[7] Its black hole nature was determined in 1986.[7]

The black hole in A0620-00 pulls matter from the K-type star into an accretion disk.[4] The accretion disk emits significant amounts of visible light and X-rays. Because the K-type star has been pulled into an ellipsoidal shape, the amount of surface area visible, and thus the apparent brightness, changes from the Earth's perspective. A0620-00 also bears the variable star designation V616 Monocerotis.[6]

Stephen Hawking memorial broadcast

On 15 June 2018, a signal was transmitted from the European Space Agency big radio antenna at Cebreros Station (77 kilometers west of Madrid, Spain), in memory of Stephen Hawking, who died on 14 March 2018, and his work on the physics of black holes. The broadcast will travel the 3,457-light-year distance at the speed of light and will arrive in the year 5475; this will be the first-ever human interaction with a currently known black hole.[13] 1A 0620-00 was chosen for this broadcast as it was the closest known black hole to Earth at the time.[14] The message was one of peace and hope according to his family.

References

  1. ↑ van Grunsven, Theo F. J.; Jonker, Peter G.; Verbunt, Frank W. M.; Robinson, Edward L. (December 2017). "The mass of the black hole in 1A 0620–00, revisiting the ellipsoidal light curve modelling". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 472 (2): 1907–1914. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2071. Bibcode: 2017MNRAS.472.1907V. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MNRAS.472.1907V. Retrieved 29 January 2022. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Brown, A. G. A. (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 649: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. Bibcode: 2021A&A...649A...1G.  Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "1A 0620-00". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=1A+0620-00. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Cantrell, Andrew G.; Bailyn, Charles D.; Orosz, Jerome A.; McClintock, Jeffrey E.; Remillard, Ronald A.; Froning, Cynthia S.; Neilsen, Joseph; Gelino, Dawn M. et al. (2010). "The Inclination of the Soft X-Ray Transient A0620-00 and the Mass of its Black Hole". The Astrophysical Journal 710 (2): 1127–1141. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/710/2/1127. Bibcode: 2010ApJ...710.1127C. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Zheng, Wan-Min; Wu, Qiaoya; Wu, Jianfeng; Wang, Song; Sun, Mouyuan; Guo, Jing; Liu, Junhui; Yi, Tuan et al. (2022), "The Disk Veiling Effect of the Black Hole Low-mass X-Ray Binary A0620-00", The Astrophysical Journal 925 (1): 83, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac4332, Bibcode: 2022ApJ...925...83Z 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Samus, N. N. et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S 1. Bibcode: 2009yCat....102025S. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 McClintock, J. E.; Remillard, R. A. (1986). "The black hole binary A0620-00". Astrophysical Journal 308: 110–122. doi:10.1086/164482. Bibcode: 1986ApJ...308..110M. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Van Grunsven, Theo F. J.; Jonker, Peter G.; Verbunt, Frank W. M.; Robinson, Edward L. (2017), "The mass of the black hole in 1A 0620-00, revisiting the ellipsoidal light curve modelling", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 472 (2): 1907, doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2071, Bibcode: 2017MNRAS.472.1907V 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Stassun, Keivan G. et al. (2019-10-01), "The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List", The Astronomical Journal 158 (4): 138, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467, ISSN 0004-6256, Bibcode: 2019AJ....158..138S. 
  10. ↑ Foellmi, Cédric (2009). "What is the closest black hole to the Sun?". New Astronomy 14 (8): 674–691. doi:10.1016/j.newast.2009.04.003. Bibcode: 2009NewA...14..674F. 
  11. ↑ Eachus, L. J.; Wright, E. L.; Liller, W. (1976). "Optical observations of the recurrent nova associated with A0620-00 - 1917-1975". Astrophysical Journal 203: L17–L19. doi:10.1086/182009. Bibcode: 1976ApJ...203L..17E. 
  12. ↑ Elvis, M.; Page, C. G.; Pounds, K. A.; Ricketts, M. J.; Turner, M. J. L. (1975). "Discovery of powerful transient X-ray source A0620-00 with Ariel V Sky Survey Experiment". Nature 257 (5528): 656–657. doi:10.1038/257656a0. Bibcode: 1975Natur.257..656E. 
  13. ↑ Ghosh, Pallab (15 June 2018). "Prof Hawking: A fitting way to go". BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cambridgeshire-44500291. Retrieved 20 July 2019. 
  14. ↑ Kelly, Guy; Davies, Gareth (15 June 2018). "Stephen Hawking laid to rest between graves of Sir Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin" (in en-GB). The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/06/15/benedict-cumberbatch-leads-tributes-stephen-hawking-westminster/. 

External links

Records
Preceded by
Cygnus X-1 		Least distant black hole
1986—2022 		Succeeded by
Gaia BH1



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