Astronomy:Theta Eridani

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Short description: Star in the constellation Eridanus
Theta Eridani
Eridanus constellation map.svg
Red circle.svg
Location of θ Eridani (circled)
Observation data
{{#ifeq:J2000|J2000.0 (ICRS)|Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)| Epoch J2000      [[Astronomy:Equinox (celestial coordinates)|Equinox J2000}}
Constellation Eridanus
θ1 Eri
Right ascension  02h 58m 15.6764s[1]
Declination −40° 18′ 16.839″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 3.18[2]
θ2 Eri
Right ascension  02h 58m 16.4037s[3]
Declination −40° 18′ 16.906″[3]
Apparent magnitude (V) 4.11[2]
Characteristics
θ1 Eri
Spectral type A3IV-V[4]
U−B color index +0.14[5]
B−V color index +0.128±0.012[6]
θ2 Eri
Spectral type A1V[4]
B−V color index +0.08[5]
Variable type suspected[7]
Astrometry
θ1 Eri
Radial velocity (Rv)+11.9±2.6[6] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −57.132[1] mas/yr
Dec.: +23.058[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)19.9047 ± 0.2062[1] mas
Distance164 ± 2 ly
(50.2 ± 0.5 pc)
θ2 Eri
Proper motion (μ) RA: −50.502[3] mas/yr
Dec.: +16.613[3] mas/yr
Parallax (π)19.5270 ± 0.1372[3] mas
Distance167 ± 1 ly
(51.2 ± 0.4 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)−0.59 (combined)[6]
Details
θ1 Eri
Mass2.6[8] M☉
RadiusTemplate:Solar radius calculator[lower-alpha 1] R☉
Luminosity145[6] L☉
Temperature8,200[8] K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)65.1[9] km/s
θ2 Eri
Mass1.95[10] M☉
Radius2.7[11] R☉
Luminosity37[11] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)3.83[10] cgs
Temperature8,293[10] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.197[10] dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)102.5[12] km/s
Other designations
θ1 Eri: {{{names1}}}
θ2 Eri: {{{names2}}}
Database references
SIMBADθ1 Eri
θ2 Eri

Theta Eridani, Latinized from θ Eridani, is a binary system in the constellation of Eridanus with a combined apparent magnitude of 2.88.[6] Its two components are designated θ1 Eridani, formally named Acamar /ˈækəmɑːr/ (the traditional name of the system),[13][14] and θ2 Eridani. The system's distance from the Sun based on parallax measurements is approximately 165 light-years.

Nomenclature

Theta Eridani is the system's Bayer designation; θ1 and θ2 Eridani those of its two components.

The system bore the traditional name Acamar, derived from the Arabic آخِر النَّهْر [citation needed] Ākhir an-nahr, which means "the end of the river", via a Roman-alphabet handwriting misread "rn" to "m". In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[15] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems.[16] It approved the name "Acamar" for θ1 Eridani on 20 July 2016 and it is now so entered in the IAU Catalog of Star Names.[14]

The term "Ākhir an-nahr", or "Achr al Nahr", appeared in the catalogue of stars in the Calendarium of Al Achsasi Al Mouakket, which was translated into Latin as Postrema Fluminis.[17]

Historically, Acamar represented the end of the constellation Eridanus.[8][18] Now that distinction is held by the star Achernar, which shares the same Arabic etymology. Achernar is not visible from the Greek isles (latitudes > 33° North),[19] hence the choice of Acamar as the river's end during the time of Hipparchus and, later, Ptolemy.

In Chinese, 天園 (Tiān Yuán), meaning Celestial Orchard, refers to an asterism consisting of Theta Eridani, Chi Eridani, Phi Eridani, Kappa Eridani, HD 16754, HD 23319, HD 24072, HD 24160, Upsilon4 Eridani, Upsilon3 Eridani, Upsilon2 Eridani and Upsilon1 Eridani.[20] Consequently, the Chinese name for Theta Eridani itself is 天園六 (Tiān Yuán liù, English: the Sixth Star of Celestial Orchard).[21]

Stellar system

Theta Eridani is a binary system with some evidence suggesting it is part of a multiple star system.[7][22] The main star, θ1 Eridani, is of spectral class A4 with a +3.2 apparent magnitude. Its companion star, θ2 Eridani, is of spectral class A1 with an apparent magnitude of +4.1. The angular separation of the two stars is equal to 8.3 arcseconds.[8]

Notes

  1. ↑ Retrieved from a luminosity of 96 L☉ and a temperature of 8200 K[8]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Brown, A. G. A. (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 649: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. Bibcode: 2021A&A...649A...1G.  Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Fabricius, C.; Høg, E.; Makarov, V. V.; Mason, B. D.; Wycoff, G. L.; Urban, S. E. (1 March 2002). "The Tycho double star catalogue". Astronomy and Astrophysics 384: 180–189. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20011822. ISSN 0004-6361. Bibcode: 2002A&A...384..180F. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Brown, A. G. A. (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 649: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. Bibcode: 2021A&A...649A...1G.  Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Gray, R. O. et al. (2006), "Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample", The Astronomical Journal 132 (1): 161–170, doi:10.1086/504637, Bibcode: 2006AJ....132..161G. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hoffleit (1991). "Bright Star Catalogue". VizieR. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-S?HR%20897. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012), "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation", Astronomy Letters 38 (5): 331, doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015, Bibcode: 2012AstL...38..331A. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 NSV 01002, database entry, New Catalogue of Suspected Variable Stars, the improved version, Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow, Russia. Accessed on line February 26, 2010.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Kaler, James B.. "ACAMAR (Theta Eridani)". Stars. University of Illinois. http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/acamar.html. 
  9. ↑ Ammler-von Eiff, M.; Reiners, A. (June 2012). "New measurements of rotation and differential rotation in A-F stars: are there two populations of differentially rotating stars?". Astronomy & Astrophysics 542: A116. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118724. ISSN 0004-6361. Bibcode: 2012A&A...542A.116A. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Anders, F.; Khalatyan, A.; Chiappini, C.; Queiroz, A. B.; Santiago, B. X.; Jordi, C.; Girardi, L.; Brown, A. G. A. et al. (August 2019). "Photo-astrometric distances, extinctions, and astrophysical parameters for Gaia DR2 stars brighter than G = 18". Astronomy & Astrophysics 628: A94. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935765. ISSN 0004-6361. Bibcode: 2019A&A...628A..94A. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Stassun, Keivan G. et al. (2019-10-01). "The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List". The Astronomical Journal 158 (4): 138. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467. ISSN 0004-6256. Bibcode: 2019AJ....158..138S. 
  12. ↑ Díaz, C. G. et al. (July 2011). "Accurate stellar rotational velocities using the Fourier transform of the cross correlation maximum". Astronomy & Astrophysics 531: A143. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201016386. Bibcode: 2011A&A...531A.143D. 
  13. ↑ Rumrill, H. B. (June 1936). "Star Name Pronunciation". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (San Francisco, California) 48 (283): 139. doi:10.1086/124681. Bibcode: 1936PASP...48..139R. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "IAU Catalog of Star Names". http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/WGSN/IAU-CSN.txt. 
  15. ↑ "IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)". https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/. 
  16. ↑ "WG Triennial Report (2015-2018) - Star Names". p. 5. https://www.iau.org/static/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/wg-starnames-triennial-report-2015-2018.pdf. 
  17. ↑ Knobel, E. B. (June 1895). "Al Achsasi Al Mouakket, on a catalogue of stars in the Calendarium of Mohammad Al Achsasi Al Mouakket". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 55: 429. doi:10.1093/mnras/55.8.429. Bibcode: 1895MNRAS..55..429K. 
  18. ↑ Rogers, J. H. (1998). "Origins of the ancient constellations: II. The Mediterranean traditions". Journal of the British Astronomical Association 108 (2): 79–89. Bibcode: 1998JBAA..108...79R. 
  19. ↑ Larry Sessions. "Achernar: End of the River". EarthSky Tonight Post 06-29-2009. http://www.earthsky.org/tonightpost/brightest-stars/bright-achernar-ends-the-southern-river. 
  20. ↑ (in Chinese) 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN:978-986-7332-25-7.
  21. ↑ (in Chinese) 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表 , Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
  22. ↑ "Acamar". Alcyone Bright Star Catalogue. http://www.alcyone.de/SIT/mainstars/SIT000436.htm#Cat6. 

Coordinates: Sky map 02h 58m 15.70s, −40° 18′ 17.0″



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