Biology:Aspartic protease
| A1_Propeptide | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 crystal and molecular structures of human progastricsin at 1.62 angstroms resolution | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | A1_Propeptide | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF07966 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR012848 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Many eukaryotic aspartic endopeptidases (MEROPS peptidase family A1) are synthesised with signal and propeptides. The animal pepsin-like endopeptidase propeptides form a distinct family of propeptides, which contain a conserved motif approximately 30 residues long. In pepsinogen A, the first 11 residues of the mature pepsin sequence are displaced by residues of the propeptide. The propeptide contains two helices that block the active site cleft, in particular the conserved Asp11 residue, in pepsin, hydrogen bonds to a conserved Arg residue in the propeptide. This hydrogen bond stabilises the propeptide conformation and is probably responsible for triggering the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin under acidic conditions.[1][2]
Examples
Human
- BACE1, BACE2
- Cathepsin D
- Cathepsin E
- Chymosin (or "rennin")
- Napsin-A
- Nepenthesin
- Pepsin
- Presenilin
- Renin
Human proteins of peptidase A1 family
BACE1; BACE2; CTSD; CTSE; NAPSA; PGA3; PGA4; PGA5; PGC; REN;[3]
Other organisms
- HIV-1 protease – a major drug-target for treatment of HIV
- Plasmepsin – a group of aspartyl proteases found in the Malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium
See also
References
- ↑ "The high-resolution crystal structure of porcine pepsinogen". Proteins 13 (1): 1–25. May 1992. doi:10.1002/prot.340130102. PMID 1594574.
- ↑ "Refined structure of porcine pepsinogen at 1.8 A resolution". Journal of Molecular Biology 219 (4): 671–92. June 1991. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(91)90664-R. PMID 2056534.
- ↑ "Gene group: Peptidase family A1". HGNC. https://www.genenames.org/data/genegroup/#!/group/1928.
External links
- The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: Aspartic Peptidases
- Aspartic+Endopeptidases at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- MEROPS family A1
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