Biology:Choline monooxygenase
choline monooxygenase | |||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||
EC number | 1.14.15.7 | ||||||||
Databases | |||||||||
IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
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In enzymology, a choline monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- choline + O2 + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+ [math]\displaystyle{ \rightleftharpoons }[/math] betaine aldehyde hydrate + H2O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin
The 4 substrates of this enzyme are choline, O2, reduced ferredoxin, and H+, whereas its 3 products are betaine aldehyde hydrate, H2O, and oxidized ferredoxin.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with reduced iron-sulfur protein as one donor, and incorporation o one atom of oxygen into the other donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is choline, reduced-ferredoxin:oxygen oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.
References
- "Evidence for a ferredoxin-dependent choline monooxygenase from spinach chloroplast stroma". Plant Physiol. 90 (1): 322–329. 1989. doi:10.1104/pp.90.1.322. PMID 16666757.
- "Assay, Purification, and Partial Characterization of Choline Monooxygenase from Spinach". Plant Physiol. 108 (2): 581–588. 1995. doi:10.1104/pp.108.2.581. PMID 12228495.
- "Choline monooxygenase, an unusual iron-sulfur enzyme catalyzing the first step of glycine betaine synthesis in plants: prosthetic group characterization and cDNA cloning". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (7): 3454–8. 1997. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.7.3454. PMID 9096415. Bibcode: 1997PNAS...94.3454R.
- "Osmotic stress induces expression of choline monooxygenase in sugar beet and amaranth". Plant Physiol. 116 (2): 859–65. 1998. doi:10.1104/pp.116.2.859. PMID 9489025.
- "Glycine betaine synthesis in transgenic tobacco expressing choline monooxygenase is limited by the endogenous choline supply". Plant J. 16 (1): 101–110. 1998. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00274.x.
- AD; Russell, BL; Nolte, KD; Rathinasabapathi, B; Gage, DA; Hanson, AD (1998). "The endogenous choline supply limits glycine betaine synthesis in transgenic tobacco expressing choline monooxygenase". Plant J. 16 (4): 487–96. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00316.x. PMID 9881168.
- Takabe T; Tanaka, Y; Aoki, K; Hibino, T; Jikuya, H; Takano, J; Takabe, T; Takabe, T (2003). "Isolation and functional characterization of N-methyltransferases that catalyze betaine synthesis from glycine in a halotolerant photosynthetic organism Aphanothece halophytica". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (7): 4932–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210970200. PMID 12466265.
Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choline monooxygenase.
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