Chemistry:1-Amino-2-propanol

1-Amino-2-propanol

Names
IUPAC name 1-Aminopropan-2-ol
Other names Isopropanolamine Monoisopropanolamine MIPA; Threamine
Identifiers
CAS Number	78-96-6 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
Abbreviations	MIPA
ChEBI	CHEBI:19030 N
ChEMBL	ChEMBL326602 Y
ChemSpider	3 Y
EC Number	220-532-9
KEGG	C05771 Y
PubChem CID	4
UNII	UE40BY1BZW Y
InChI InChI=1S/C3H9NO/c1-3(5)2-4/h3,5H,2,4H2,1H3 Y Key: HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C3H9NO/c1-3(5)2-4/h3,5H,2,4H2,1H3 Key: HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYAP
SMILES OC(C)CN
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H9NO
Molar mass	75.111 g·mol−1
Appearance	liquid
Odor	ammonia-like
Density	0.973 g/mL (18 °C)
Melting point	1.74 °C (35.13 °F; 274.89 K)
Boiling point	159.46 °C (319.03 °F; 432.61 K)
Solubility in water	soluble
Solubility	soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, CCl4
Refractive index (nD)	1.4479
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 2 0
Flash point	77 °C (171 °F; 350 K)
Autoignition temperature	374 °C (705 °F; 647 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	4.26 g/kg (rat, oral)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

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1-Amino-2-propanol (isopropanolamine) is a chemical compound with the formula C₃H₉NO. It is an amino alcohol. The term "isopropanolamine" may also refer more generally to the additional homologs diisopropanolamine (DIPA) and triisopropanolamine (TIPA).

It can be prepared by the addition of aqueous ammonia to propylene oxide.

Applications

The isopropanolamines are basic chemicals that can be used in many applications to achieve basicity, buffering and alkalinity objectives. They are good solubilizers of oil and fat, so they are used to neutralize fatty acids and sulfonic acid-based surfactants.

1-Amino-2-propanol is typically used in metal working fluid, waterborne coating, personal care products, and in the production of titanium dioxide and polyurethanes.

1-Amino-2-propanol is an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of pharmaceutical drugs and is the very basic building block of the opioid methadone.

The chemical derivative 1-dimethylamino-2-propanol can be synthesized via Eschweiler-Clarke methylation of 1-amino-2-propanol using formic acid and formaldehyde.