Medicine:Heart valve repair

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Short description: Surgical technique used to fix defects in heart valves
Heart valve repair
ICD-9-CM35.0-35.2

Heart valve repair is a cardiac surgery procedure, carried out to repair one or more faulty heart valves. In some valvular heart diseases repair where possible is preferable to valve replacement. A mechanical heart valve is a replacement valve that is not itself subject to repair.

General

Valvuloplasty is the widening of a stenotic valve using a balloon catheter. Types include:[citation needed]

  • Aortic valvuloplasty in repair of a stenotic aortic valve
  • Mitral valvuloplasty in the correction of an uncomplicated mitral

Valvulotomy

Commissurotomy of heart valves is called a valvulotomy.

By valve

Mitral valve repair

Mitral valve repair is mainly used to treat stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leakage) of the mitral valve.[citation needed] A mitral balloon valvuloplasty enlarges the valve opening to allow greater oxygenated blood flow into the left ventricle, and since severe mitral regurgitation can be a major complication, degrees of stenosis, regurgitation, and valve anatomical features are taken into consideration before the procedure.[1]

Aortic valve repair

Aortic valve repair is a surgical procedure used to correct some aortic valve disorders as an alternative to aortic valve replacement.[2] Aortic valve repair is performed less often and is more technically difficult than mitral valve repair. There are two surgical techniques of aortic-valve repair:

  • The Reimplantation-Technique (David-Procedure)
  • The Remodeling-Technique (Yacoub-Procedure)

Tricuspid valve repair

Tricuspid valve repair is used to correct tricuspid regurgitation.[3] Tricuspid regurgitation can be repaired via a minimally invasive procedure where a catheter mounted clip is used to cinch tricuspid valve leaflets together in a process known as the Transcatheter Edge to Edge Repair (TEER).[4]

History

The first two percutaneous ultrasound-guided fetal balloon valvuloplasties, a type of in utero surgery for severe aortic valve obstruction, were reported in 1991.[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Palacios, Igor (29 June 2019). "Percutaneous Mitral Balloon Valvuloplasty: Worldwide Trends". Journal of the American Heart Association 8 (13). doi:10.1161/JAHA.119.012898. PMC 6662352. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.119.012898. 
  2. ↑ Hans-Joachim Schäfers: Current treatment of aortic regurgitation. UNI-MED Science, Bremen, London, Boston 2013, ISBN 978-3-8374-1406-6.
  3. ↑ Page 4 in:Elizabeth D Agabegi; Agabegi, Steven S. (2008). Step-Up to Medicine (Step-Up Series). Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-7153-5. https://archive.org/details/stepuptomedicine0000agab. 
  4. ↑ Sorajja, Paul (March 4, 2023). "Transcatheter Repair for Patients with Tricuspid Regurgitation". The New England Journal of Medicine 388 (20). doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2300525. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2300525. Retrieved November 19, 2025. 
  5. ↑ Kohl, T.; Sharland, G.; Allan, L. D.; Gembruch, U.; Chaoui, R.; Lopes, L. M.; Zielinsky, P.; Huhta, J. et al. (2000-05-15). "World experience of percutaneous ultrasound-guided balloon valvuloplasty in human fetuses with severe aortic valve obstruction". The American Journal of Cardiology 85 (10): 1230–1233. doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(00)00733-5. ISSN 0002-9149. PMID 10802006. 



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