Software:Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh

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Short description: 1996 video game
Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh
Developer(s)Sierra On-Line
Publisher(s)Sierra On-Line
Director(s)Andy Hoyos
Producer(s)Matthew Thornton
Designer(s)Lorelei Shannon
Writer(s)Lorelei Shannon
Platform(s)MS-DOS, Microsoft Windows
Release
Genre(s)Interactive movie, point-and-click adventure
Mode(s)Single-player

Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh (also known as Phantasmagoria 2[1][2]) is an interactive movie point-and-click adventure game released by Sierra On-Line. The game was released in North America on November 26, 1996.[1] Though technically a sequel to Roberta Williams' 1995 game Phantasmagoria, Puzzle of Flesh shares no connections with its predecessor in plot nor characters, as Sierra initially intended the Phantasmagoria title to be a horror anthology, with each installment of a different story and style. While not a critical or commercial success, A Puzzle of Flesh, like its predecessor, is remembered for its controversial violent and sexual content, which led the game to be heavily censored or banned outright in several European and Oceanic countries. Also like its predecessor, it could not fit on one piece of media, and was released on 5 650MB CD-ROMs.

Plot

The player controls Curtis Craig, an introverted 26-year-old man who works at a pharmaceutical company. Curtis regularly has disturbing hallucinations at his office, seeing flashes of gore or getting odd e-mails (for example, one claims to be from Hell offering him a job as a murderer).

Curtis was released from a mental institution one year before, and following the onset of his visions, he has regular visits with a therapist. His mental health problems largely stem from childhood trauma: an abusive mother who committed suicide and a father who, before he died in an auto accident, was working on a top secret project at Wyntech, the same company where Curtis is currently employed. Curtis has repressed most of his childhood memories, and over the course of the game he remembers details that suggest his father was murdered by Wyntech for reasons related to the aforementioned project.

One day, Curtis' workplace rival, Bob, is found brutally murdered in Curtis' cubicle. Though Bob was generally disliked by the whole office, Curtis had expressed the joking desire to kill him and feels apathy towards his death, which leads Curtis to fear he may have murdered Bob in a psychotic break. This incident impacts the myriad of other relationships in the office. While Curtis has been dating his commitment-seeking coworker Jocilyn, he also becomes involved with a more adventurous coworker, Therese, who on a first date introduces him to the local S&M scene. Another coworker and best friend, Trevor, is an openly homosexual man, and Curtis admits to his therapist that he is attracted to Trevor.

After Curtis' superior Tom is murdered as well, Curtis suspects his boss, Paul Allen Warner, who had threatened Tom during an argument the previous day. The next day, Therese is found murdered after her date with Curtis, placing more suspicion upon him by the police. Curtis eventually discovers this is all connected to "Threshold," the project his father worked on with Warner. Decades prior, Wyntech discovered a rift leading to "Dimension X" in the basement of their building and sought to use it for monetary gain by selling teleportation technology to the United States government, performing experiments first with animal subjects and later mental patients supplied by the corrupt Dr. Marek, who was employed at the asylum where Curtis was later committed. Desperate for better results, Warner took advantage of Curtis' father, bringing the child to work and using Curtis as a subject—without his father's permission—although Curtis was quickly returned from the rift. The project was shut down when the military showed no interest, but reactivated when Warner discovered the inhabitants of Dimension X could synthesize any chemical desired at the cost of some components and a couple of "human specimens." Warner planned on sacrificing as many people as necessary in exchange for a highly addictive antidepressant/weight loss drug which would then be released on the market, causing the Earth's population to become reliant on the product and making Wyntech the most powerful corporation on Earth.

As Curtis comes closer to the truth, his therapist and Trevor are murdered, causing Curtis to finally confront Warner. Warner, however, is knocked out by a humanoid creature (identified in FMV scene selection as "the Hecatomb") that introduces itself as a manifestation of the "real" Curtis Craig. The child Curtis that returned from the rift is in fact an alien duplicate while the real Curtis was trapped in Dimension X, experimented upon, hideously mutated, and developed vast psychic powers—and madness—as a result. The real Curtis, acting through the Hecatomb, was responsible for the murders and hallucinations, with the purpose of driving the duplicate Curtis insane. This would allow the real Curtis to psychically take over the duplicate's body, regaining the life the duplicate unintentionally stole. The duplicate Curtis escapes the Hecatomb through the Dimension X portal, kills the real Curtis, and returns to Earth.

Jocilyn suddenly appears, revealing that she knows the truth. A message from the inhabitants of Dimension X is heard, asking Curtis to return since he doesn't belong on Earth. The player then has the choice of two endings: either Curtis chooses to leave, in which case he spends one last day with Jocilyn before departing, or he chooses to remain on Earth. If the player chooses the latter, the ending sequence shows Jocilyn happily talking about everyday life arrangements to Curtis, who curls up an anxious fist beneath the table. The fist briefly morphs into a grotesque alien shape.

Prior to either ending, the scene implies Curtis puts the still-unconscious Warner through the rift. A post-credits scene in Dimension X shows the still-living severed head of Warner suspended in bio-organic matter.

Gameplay

The basic aspects of a point-and-click adventure game are here; as Curtis the player travels to various locations, interact with the often strange and eccentric people in his life, and collects items and solves puzzles.

A Puzzle of Flesh's gameplay features a standard point-and-click interface, played from a third-person perspective: the cursor, when waved over an object or area that can be manipulated, will highlight, and clicking it will initiate a live-action clip that furthers the game along. Inventory is stored along the bottom of the screen and a simple click-and-drag command will cause inventory items to interact with other objects.

Due to the large amount of graphic violence and sexual content, A Puzzle of Flesh came with password-enabled parental controls that thoroughly edited out the game's offensive content.

A Puzzle of Flesh also has a large number of comedic Easter eggs, which the player can achieve on a point system, although, due to some of the complex key commands one must perform to enable them, most of them are impossible to access without outside help. These Easter eggs range from simple sight gags and messages to minigames and hidden videos.

Production

Lorelei Shannon, who had previously served as a writer on the Roberta Williams games King's Quest VII and The Dagger of Amon Ra, was selected to take on the task of writing and designing the sequel to Williams' Phantasmagoria.[3] While the first installment was a supernatural horror in the tradition of The Shining and the works of Stephen King, Shannon redeveloped the series into a more modern, urban setting and utilized a psychological horror approach with science fiction undertones; Shannon has said the game was influenced by such authors as Edgar Allan Poe, Charles Beaumont, and Shirley Jackson, and was influenced visually by Joel-Peter Witkin and the film Seven.[4] In several interviews, Shannon noted a fondness for Jacob's Ladder and admiration for the work of Clive Barker.[5][3] According to Shannon, the title A Puzzle of Flesh "refers to the puzzle of who Curtis really is, and the fact that his flesh is not his own."[4]

While Phantasmagoria was shot with live actors super-imposed in bluescreen backgrounds, A Puzzle of Flesh was filmed on set and on location, not unlike a regular feature film (although the game's final scenes, in the Alien World, were shot on bluescreen). Filming took place in and around Seattle, Washington from February to September 1996.[6] Shot on Digital Betacam, nearly four and a half hours of video was shot, from a script over 200 pages long.[3] Much of Shannon's original script had to be cut due to budget constraints, including a lengthy series of puzzles in the mental hospital and some scenes on the alien world.[4]

For a while, Sierra was planning Phantasmagoria 3, and had asked Roberta Williams to return as its lead designer.[7] However, after the commercial disappointment of A Puzzle of Flesh, along with the decline of the point-and-click adventure with interactive movie genres, the project never materialized.

A Puzzle of Flesh was developed on a budget of $4.5 million.[8]

The game was banned in Singapore, and heavily censored in Australia.[9][10][11]

Cast and crew

A Puzzle of Flesh's live action sequences were written by Lorelei Shannon, directed by Andy Hoyos, filmed by cinematographer Matthew Jensen and edited by Wes Plate. The cast was as follows:

  • Paul Morgan Stetler – Curtis Craig
  • Monique Parent – Jocilyn Rowan
  • Paul Mitri – Trevor Barnes
  • Ragna Sigrúnardóttir (billed as Ragna Sigrun) – Therese Banning
  • Warren Burton – Paul Allen Warner
  • Michael Taylor Donovan – Tom Ravell
  • Don Berg – Bob Arnold
  • Cynthia Steele – Dr. Rikki Harburg
  • Regina Byrd Smith – Detective Allie Powell
  • Michael David Simms – Dr. Terrance Marek

Additionally, actress V. Joy Lee, who played "Harriet" in the first Phantasmagoria, returns in the sequel as "The Ratwoman", a mental patient. Lorelei Shannon makes two cameos, as a mental patient and a gas masked patron at an S&M club, and director Hoyos makes an appearance as yet another mental patient.

Reception

Reception
Aggregate score
AggregatorScore
GameRankings55.88%[12]
Review scores
PublicationScore
CGWStarHalf star[13]
GameSpot3.7/10[14]
Next GenerationStarStarStar[15]
PC GamesC+[16]

A Puzzle of Flesh received primarily negative reviews from mainstream game reviewers. Much criticism was targeted at the illogical puzzles,[13][14][16] low difficulty,[14][15] and the lack of interactivity caused by the large amount of FMV.[13][15][16] Multiple reviewers made particular mention of a puzzle near the beginning of the game in which Curtis must retrieve his wallet from under his couch, not by moving the couch, but by manipulating a rat into fetching the wallet for him.[13][14][16]

Reactions towards the plot and cinematic production were also largely negative. A Next Generation critic commended the script and direction for being "even more dark and twisted" and "kinky" than the original Phantasmagoria, but nonetheless found Sierra's marketing the game as featuring "intense content" to be ridiculous, noting that the sex and gore are tame compared to a number of movies that one could find at the local video rental store or on late night television.[15] PC Games razed the story, citing numerous plot holes, gratuitous sex scenes, and poor pacing: "At times, Curtis seems to lurch from one crisis to another, but always recovers instantly from experiences that would send most of us shrieking back to the bin. Flesh just keeps throwing stuff at us in the hope that something will stick."[16] GameSpot called it clichéd and absurd, summarizing "As the credits rolled, all I felt was regret—regret that I had spent a good chunk of my life in this ugly world, with annoying, unappealing characters and their silly problems".[14] Game Revolution's review was similar, calling the game "a predictable, dissatisfying mess".[17] Computer Gaming World commented that while the technical aspects of the cinematics are well done, they are wasted on a storyline which suffers from an absurd plot, gratuitous sex and gore, and a "completely unsympathetic, amoral, and quite uninteresting" protagonist.[13]

The most common subject of praise for the game was the music, which even otherwise wholly negative reviews mentioned as being successfully atmospheric and dissonant.[13][14][16]

Response within the community was a bit more positive, with likewise criticism directed at the gameplay and structure, though more praise was given to the game's storyline. The adventure game-focused site Adventure Gamers gave A Puzzle of Flesh a rating of 2.5 out of 5, finding flaws in both its story and cinematic production, but noting that those looking for light entertainment will have "a hell of a lot of fun".[18] Similar sites, such as Adventure Classic Gaming, called the plot "intriguing and well executed", though its gameplay "falls short to qualify as a mediocre adventure game".[19] Just Adventure was a bit kinder in a way, saying that "it's trashy, it's tacky, it's badly acted, it's badly cast, it's ugly, and it's short. Also, like Phantasmagoria, it's a lot of fun", and "It's a guilty pleasure, but a pleasure nonetheless", likening it to watching a good B movie.[20]

In later years, the game's reputation has improved somewhat, gaining a cult following. Retrospective critics have paid particular attention to the game as an early instance of LGBTQ representation in video games. Curtis Craig, as a canonically bisexual man, is considered to be the first LGBTQ protagonist in a commercially released video game. The game has been praised for its depiction of queer characters, being called "remarkably progressive for the period in which it was released."[21]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Hamrick, Lee (November 26, 1996). "Leisure Suit Larry ships out". http://www.gamecenter.com/News/Item/0,3,0-338,00.html. 
    "Sierra On-Line is ready to give you both goose bumps and a good laugh this holiday season. The gaming supercompany has just released two more follow-ups, capitalizing on the success of their former titles. First up, and certain to be responsible for plenty of wide-eyed and sleepless winter nights, is the long-awaited Phantasmagoria 2: A Puzzle of Flesh...[i]t is in stores now for Windows 95 and DOS."
  2. ↑ "Phantasmagoria 2: A Puzzle of Flesh". Sierra Entertainment. http://www.sierra.com/entertainment/phantas2/. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Larme, Anthony (January–August 1997). "Lorelei Shannon Interview – Phantasmagoria 2 Overview – Memorial". https://anthonylarme.tripod.com/phantas/p2intls.html. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Radiobuzz (August 25, 2005). "Lorelei Shannon Interview". http://la-aventura.net/entrevistas/lorelei-en. 
  5. ↑ "Behind the Scenes". InterAction Magazine (Sierra On-Line). 1996. https://www.sierragamers.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/027_InterAction_Volume_9_Number_2_Summer_1996.pdf. Retrieved July 28, 2025.  Alt URL
  6. ↑ Larme, Anthony (December 1996 – June 1997). "Wes Plate Interview – Phantasmagoria 2 Overview – Memorial". https://anthonylarme.tripod.com/phantas/p2intwp.html. 
  7. ↑ Bellati, Andy. 'Roberta Williams Interview' November 1997.
  8. ↑ Brown, Ivy (November 30, 1996). "More Than Bit Parts". Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-11-30-ca-4190-story.html. 
  9. ↑ The Sierra Chest - Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh, Sierra Chest, http://sierrachest.com/index.php?a=games&id=41&fld=general, retrieved January 11, 2019 
  10. ↑ "Precensored Games". Refused Classification. https://www.refused-classification.com/censorship/game/precensored/#phantasmagoria-a-puzzle-of-flesh. 
  11. ↑ Anthony Larme. "Phantasmagoria 2 Overview". http://anthonylarme.tripod.com/phantas/p2censor.html. 
  12. ↑ "Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh for PC". GameRankings. http://www.gamerankings.com/pc/198286-phantasmagoria-a-puzzle-of-flesh/index.html. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 Schlunk, Petra (March 1997). "The Horror, the Horror". Computer Gaming World (Dale Strang) (152): 86, 88. https://archive.org/stream/Computer_Gaming_World_Issue_152#page/n91. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 Dulin, Ron (2000-05-02). "Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh Review". GameSpot. https://www.gamespot.com/reviews/phantasmagoria-2-a-puzzle-of-flesh-review/1900-2545835/. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 Staff (March 1997). "Skin Deep". Next Generation (27): 98. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 Olafson, Peter. "Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh". PC Games. http://www.pcgames.com:80/reviews/adventure/phant.html. 
  17. ↑ Licht, Ofer (December 1996). "Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh". Net Revolution. http://www.game-revolution.com/games/pc/p2.htm. 
  18. ↑ Morstabilini, Andrea (2008-08-15). "Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh review" (in en). https://adventuregamers.com/articles/view/18190. 
  19. ↑ Jong, Philip (1996-12-01). "Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh". http://www.adventureclassicgaming.com/index.php/site/reviews/11/. 
  20. ↑ Ivey, Ray. "Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh". https://www.justadventure.com/reviews/Phantasmagoria_2/Phantasmagoria_2_Review.shtm. 
  21. ↑ Durkee, Blair (25 June 2021). "Commemorating a piece of LGBTQ gaming history – Phantasmagoria: A Puzzle of Flesh". https://glaad.org/commemorating-piece-lgbtq-gaming-history-phantasmagoria-puzzle-flesh/. 
  • Official website (via Internet Archive)
  • MobyGames is a commercial database website that catalogs information on video games and the people and companies behind them via crowdsourcing. This includes over 300,000 games for hundreds of platforms.[1] Founded in 1999, ownership of the site has changed hands several times. It has been owned by Atari SA since 2022.

Features

Edits and submissions to the site (including screenshots, box art, developer information, game summaries, and more) go through a verification process of fact-checking by volunteer "approvers".[2] This approval process after submission can range from minutes to days or months.[3] The most commonly used sources are the video game's website, packaging, and credit screens. There is a published standard for game information and copy-editing.[4] A ranking system allows users to earn points for contributing accurate information.[5]

Registered users can rate and review games. Users can create private or public "have" and "want" lists, which can generate a list of games available for trade with other registered users. The site contains an integrated forum. Each listed game can have its own sub-forum.

History

Logo used until March 2014

MobyGames was founded on March 1, 1999, by Jim Leonard and Brian Hirt, and joined by David Berk 18 months later, the three of which had been friends since high school.[6][7] Leonard had the idea of sharing information about computer games with a larger audience. The database began with information about games for IBM PC compatibles, relying on the founders' personal collections. Eventually, the site was opened up to allow general users to contribute information.[5] In a 2003 interview, Berk emphasized MobyGames' dedication to taking video games more seriously than broader society and to preserving games for their important cultural influence.[5]

In mid-2010, MobyGames was purchased by GameFly for an undisclosed amount.[8] This was announced to the community post factum , and the site's interface was given an unpopular redesign.[7] A few major contributors left, refusing to do volunteer work for a commercial website.{{Citation needed|date=June 2025} On December 18, 2013, MobyGames was acquired by Jeremiah Freyholtz, owner of Blue Flame Labs (a San Francisco-based game and web development company) and VGBoxArt (a site for fan-made video game box art).[9] Blue Flame Labs reverted MobyGames' interface to its pre-overhaul look and feel,[10] and for the next eight years, the site was run by Freyholtz and Independent Games Festival organizer Simon Carless.[7]

On November 24, 2021, Atari SA announced a potential deal with Blue Flame Labs to purchase MobyGames for $1.5 million.[11] The purchase was completed on 8 March 2022, with Freyholtz remaining as general manager.[12][13][14] Over the next year, the financial boost given by Atari led to a rework of the site being built from scratch with a new backend codebase, as well as updates improving the mobile and desktop user interface.[1] This was accomplished by investing in full-time development of the site instead of its previously part-time development.[15]

In 2024, MobyGames began offering a paid "Pro" membership option for the site to generate additional revenue.[16] Previously, the site had generated income exclusively through banner ads and (from March 2014 onward) a small number of patrons via the Patreon website.[17]

On February 13, 2025, Freyholtz stepped down as the site lead to move onto new projects, leaving operations to Tracy Poff, a veteran coder on the site, and Atari staff.[18]

See also

  • IGDB – game database used by Twitch for its search and discovery functions

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Sheehan, Gavin (2023-02-22). "Atari Relaunches The Fully Rebuilt & Optimized MobyGames Website". https://bleedingcool.com/games/atari-relaunches-the-fully-rebuilt-optimized-mobygames-website/. 
  2. ↑ Litchfield, Ted (2021-11-26). "Zombie company Atari to devour MobyGames". https://www.pcgamer.com/zombie-company-atari-to-devour-mobygames/. 
  3. ↑ "MobyGames FAQ: Emails Answered § When will my submission be approved?". Blue Flame Labs. 30 March 2014. http://www.mobygames.com/info/faq7#g1. 
  4. ↑ "The MobyGames Standards and Practices". Blue Flame Labs. 6 January 2016. http://www.mobygames.com/info/standards. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Miller, Stanley A. (2003-04-22). "People's choice awards honor favorite Web sites". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. 
  6. ↑ "20 Years of MobyGames" (in en). 2019-02-28. https://trixter.oldskool.org/2019/02/28/20-years-of-mobygames/. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Plunkett, Luke (2022-03-10). "Atari Buys MobyGames For $1.5 Million". https://kotaku.com/mobygames-retro-credits-database-imdb-atari-freyholtz-b-1848638521. 
  8. ↑ "Report: MobyGames Acquired By GameFly Media". Gamasutra. 2011-02-07. https://www.gamedeveloper.com/game-platforms/report-mobygames-acquired-by-gamefly-media. 
  9. ↑ Corriea, Alexa Ray (December 31, 2013). "MobyGames purchased from GameFly, improvements planned". http://www.polygon.com/2013/12/31/5261414/mobygames-purchased-from-gamefly-improvements-planned. 
  10. ↑ Wawro, Alex (31 December 2013). "Game dev database MobyGames getting some TLC under new owner". Gamasutra. https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/game-dev-database-mobygames-getting-some-tlc-under-new-owner. 
  11. ↑ "Atari invests in Anstream, may buy MobyGames". November 24, 2021. https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2021-11-24-atari-invests-in-anstream-may-buy-mobygames. 
  12. ↑ Rousseau, Jeffrey (2022-03-09). "Atari purchases Moby Games". https://www.gamesindustry.biz/atari-purchases-moby-games. 
  13. ↑ "Atari Completes MobyGames Acquisition, Details Plans for the Site's Continued Support". March 8, 2022. https://www.atari.com/atari-completes-mobygames-acquisition-details-plans-for-the-sites-continued-support/. 
  14. ↑ "Atari has acquired game database MobyGames for $1.5 million" (in en-GB). 2022-03-09. https://www.videogameschronicle.com/news/atari-has-acquired-game-database-mobygames-for-1-5-million/. 
  15. ↑ Stanton, Rich (2022-03-10). "Atari buys videogame database MobyGames for $1.5 million". https://www.pcgamer.com/atari-buys-videogame-database-mobygames-for-dollar15-million/. 
  16. ↑ Harris, John (2024-03-09). "MobyGames Offering “Pro” Membership". https://setsideb.com/mobygames-offering-pro-membership/. 
  17. ↑ "MobyGames on Patreon". http://www.patreon.com/mobygames. 
  18. ↑ "An update on MobyGames leadership". 2025-02-13. https://www.mobygames.com/forum/3/thread/269628/an-update-on-mobygames-leadership/#post-269628. 
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