Digital encoding of APL symbols

From HandWiki
Revision as of 19:01, 6 February 2024 by S.Timg (talk | contribs) (link)
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Short description: Code pages used specifically to write programs in the APL programming language

The programming language APL uses a number of symbols, rather than words from natural language, to identify operations, similarly to mathematical symbols. Prior to the wide adoption of Unicode, a number of special-purpose EBCDIC and non-EBCDIC code pages were used to represent the symbols required for writing APL.

Character sets

Due to its origins on IBM Selectric-based teleprinters, APL symbols have traditionally been represented on the wire using a unique, non-standard character set. In the 1960s and 1970s, few terminal devices existed which could reproduce them, the most popular ones being the IBM 2741 and IBM 1050 fitted with a specific APL print head. Over time, with the universal use of high-quality graphic display, printing devices and Unicode support, the APL character font problem has largely been eliminated.

Character repertoire

IBM assigns the following character IDs (GCGIDs) to APL syntax, which are used in the definitions of its code pages.[1][2][3]

"SL" (APL functional symbol) series GCGIDs
GCGID[2] IBM name[1][3] Unicode Notes and other mappings
SL010000 Up Stile (APL) U+2308 ⌈ LEFT CEILING
SL020000 Down Stile (APL) U+230A ⌊ LEFT FLOOR
SL030000 Del (APL) U+2207 ∇ NABLA
SL040000 Del Tilde (APL) U+236B ⍫ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DEL TILDE
SL050000 Del Stile (APL) U+2352 ⍒ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DEL STILE
SL060000 Delta (APL) U+2206 ∆ INCREMENT
SL070000 Delta Stile (APL) U+234B ⍋ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DELTA STILE
SL090000 Circle Stile (APL) U+233D ⌽ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE STILE
SL100000 Circle Slope (APL) U+2349 ⍉ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE BACKSLASH
SL110000 Circle Star (APL) U+235F ⍟ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE STAR
SL120000 Circle Bar U+2296 ⊖ CIRCLED MINUS
SL130000 Quad Quote (APL) U+235E ⍞ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUOTE QUAD
SL140000 Quad Divide (APL) U+2339 ⌹ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD DIVIDE
SL150000 Slash Bar (APL) U+233F ⌿ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL SLASH BAR
SL160000 Slope Bar (APL) U+2340 ⍀ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL BACKSLASH BAR
SL170000 Up Caret Tilde (APL) U+2372 ⍲ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP CARET TILDE
SL180000 Down Caret Tilde (APL) U+2371 ⍱ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DOWN CARET TILDE
SL190000 Down Tack Jot (APL)[lower-alpha 1] U+234E ⍎ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DOWN TACK JOT[lower-alpha 1]
SL200000 Up Tack Jot (APL)[lower-alpha 1] U+2355 ⍕ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP TACK JOT[lower-alpha 1]
SL210000 Up Shoe Null (APL) U+235D ⍝ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP SHOE JOT
SL220000 Up Tack (APL)[lower-alpha 1] U+22A4 ⊤ DOWN TACK[lower-alpha 1]
SL230000 Down Tack (APL)[lower-alpha 1] U+22A5 ⊥ UP TACK[lower-alpha 1]
SL240000 Down Tack Up Tack (APL) U+2336 ⌶ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL I-BEAM
SL250000 Jot (APL) U+2218 ∘ RING OPERATOR
SL260000 Left Bracket Right Bracket (APL) U+2337 ⌷ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL SQUISH QUAD
SL270000 Quad Jot (APL) U+233B ⌻ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD JOT
SL280000 Quad Slope (APL) U+2342 ⍂ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD BACKSLASH
SL290000 Ampersand Underbar[3] Not used in any documented code page. Can be represented in Unicode with the sequence U+0026 U+0332 &̲
SL300000 Equal Underbar (APL) U+2261 ≡ IDENTICAL TO
SL310000 OUT Symbol (APL)[3] Not used in any documented code page. Reference glyph resembles oblique underlined forms of the letters O, U and T overstruck in the same character position.
SL320000 Diaeresis Dot (APL) U+2235 ∵ BECAUSE
SL330000 Delta Underbar (APL) U+2359 ⍙ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DELTA UNDERBAR
SL340000 Left Tack (APL)[lower-alpha 1] U+22A2 ⊢ RIGHT TACK[lower-alpha 1]
SL350000 Right Tack (APL)[lower-alpha 1] U+22A3 ⊣ LEFT TACK[lower-alpha 1]
SL360000 Quad (APL) U+2395 ⎕ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD[7][8] U+25AF ▯ WHITE VERTICAL RECTANGLE[3]
SL370000 Less Greater (APL) U+22C4 ⋄ DIAMOND OPERATOR[7][8] U+25CA ◊ LOZENGE,[3] U+25C6 ◆ BLACK DIAMOND[9][10]
SL380000 Stile (APL) U+2223 ∣ DIVIDES[7][8] U+2502 │ BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL,[9][10] U+007C | VERTICAL LINE[6]
SL400000 Up Shoe (APL) U+2229 ∩ INTERSECTION[7][8][6] U+22C2 ⋂ N-ARY INTERSECTION[10][9]
SL410000 Down Shoe (APL) U+222A ∪ UNION[7][8][6] U+22C3 ⋃ N-ARY UNION[10][9]
SL420000 Left Shoe (APL) U+2282 ⊂ SUBSET OF
SL430000 Right Shoe (APL) U+2283 ⊃ SUPERSET OF
SL440000 Underbar (APL) U+005F _ LOW LINE
SL450000 Diaeresis (APL) U+00A8 ¨ DIAERESIS
SL460000 Tilde (APL) U+223C ∼ TILDE OPERATOR[7][8] U+F88F in IBM's private use area scheme.[11] Also mapped to U+007E ~ TILDE,[10][9][6] although SD190000 (U+007E in a non-APL context) co-occurs at 0xA1 (while SL460000 is at 0x80) in code page 213.[12]
SL480000 Circle Plus U+2295 ⊕ CIRCLED PLUS
SL490000 Circle x U+2297 ⊗ CIRCLED TIMES
SL500000 Down Caret (APL) U+2228 ∨ LOGICAL OR[10][9][7][8][3][6]
SL510000 Up Caret (APL) U+2227 ∧ LOGICAL AND[7][8][6] U+22C0 ⋀ N-ARY LOGICAL AND[10][9]
SL520000 Less (APL) U+003C < LESS-THAN SIGN
SL530000 Greater (APL) U+003E > GREATER-THAN SIGN
SL540000 Divide (APL) U+00F7 ÷ DIVISION SIGN
SL550000 Times (APL) U+00D7 × MULTIPLICATION SIGN
SL560000 Not Greater (APL) U+2264 ≤ LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO
SL570000 Not Less (APL) U+2265 ≥ GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO
SL580000 Quote Dot (APL) U+0021 ! EXCLAMATION MARK[10][9][8][6] U+F88E in IBM's private use area scheme.[11] SP020000 (U+0021 ! EXCLAMATION MARK in a non-APL context) co-occurs at 0x5A in code page 293 (SL580000 is at 0xDB in code pages 293 and 310).[12] Tachyonsoft lists U+01C3 ǃ LATIN LETTER RETROFLEX CLICK for SL580000.[7]
SL590000 Left Arrow (APL) U+2190 ← LEFTWARDS ARROW[7][8][9] These arrows are SM300000, SM310000, SM320000 and SM330000 respectively in a non-APL context, for example, in the C0 replacement graphics from code page 437,[13] which code pages 907, 909 and 910 inherit some or all of. Their APL GCGIDs can be mapped to U+F88D, U+F88C, U+F88B and U+F88A respectively in IBM's private use area scheme.[11]

Code pages 907 and 910 keep the non-APL GCGIDs for the C0 replacements but use the APL GCGIDs where the arrows appear outside of the C0 area, while code page 909 uses the APL GCGIDs multiple times, both for the C0 replacements and for between one and two occurrences of each of these arrows outside of the C0 area.[14][15][16]

Compare SL080000 above. Duplicating C0 replacement graphics outside of the C0 area is not an uncommon practice in DOS code pages: compare, for example, the pilcrow and section sign in code page 850.

SL600000 Right Arrow (APL) U+2192 → RIGHTWARDS ARROW[7][8][9]
SL610000 Up Arrow (APL) U+2191 ↑ UPWARDS ARROW[7][8][9][6]
SL620000 Down Arrow (APL) U+2193 ↓ DOWNWARDS ARROW[7][8][9][6]
SL630000 Overbar (APL) U+203E ‾ OVERLINE
SL640000 Slope (APL) U+005C \ REVERSE SOLIDUS[10][9][8][6] U+F889 in IBM's private use area scheme.[11] Also mapped to U+2216 ∖ SET MINUS.[7] SM070000 (U+005C \ REVERSE SOLIDUS in a non-APL context) co-occurs at 0x5A (while SL640000 is at 0xB7) in code page 293.[12]
SL650000 Star (APL) U+22C6 ⋆ STAR OPERATOR[8] U+002A * ASTERISK[17][6]
SL660000 Quote (APL) U+0027 ' APOSTROPHE
SL670000 Left Parenthesis (APL) U+0028 ( LEFT PARENTHESIS
SL680000 Right Parenthesis (APL) U+0029 ) RIGHT PARENTHESIS
SL690000 Bar (APL) U+002D - HYPHEN-MINUS[17][8][9][6] U+2212 − MINUS SIGN
SL700000 Query (APL) U+003F ? QUESTION MARK U+F888 in IBM's private use area scheme.[11]
SL710000 Alpha (APL) U+237A ⍺ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL ALPHA[7][8] U+03B1 α GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA[10][9]
SL720000 Epsilon (APL) U+220A ∊ SMALL ELEMENT OF[8][3][6] U+03B5 ε GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON,[10][9] U+2208 ∈ ELEMENT OF[7]
SL730000 Iota (APL) U+2373 ⍳ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL IOTA[7][8] U+03B9 ι GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA[10][9]
SL740000 Rho (APL) U+2374 ⍴ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL RHO[7][8] U+03C1 ρ GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO[10][9]
SL750000 Omega (APL) U+2375 ⍵ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL OMEGA[7][8] U+03C9 ω GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA[10][9]
SL760000 Slash (APL) U+002F / SOLIDUS
SL770000 Left Bracket (APL) U+005B [ LEFT SQUARE BRACKET
SL780000 Right Bracket (APL) U+005D ] RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET
SL790000 Plus (APL) U+002B + PLUS SIGN
SL800000 Semicolon (APL) U+003B ; SEMICOLON
SL810000 Equal (APL) U+003D = EQUALS SIGN
SL820000 Not Equal (APL) U+2260 ≠ NOT EQUAL TO
SL830000 Colon (APL) U+003A : COLON[9][8] Form with fullwidth attribute set (SL830080) is used for 0xA1C3 (i.e. U+2236 ∶ RATIO) in EUC-CN.[18]
SL840000 Dot (APL) U+002E . FULL STOP
SL850000 Comma (APL) U+002C , COMMA
SL860000 Iota Underbar (APL) U+2378 ⍸ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL IOTA UNDERBAR
SL870000 Epsilon Underbar (APL) U+2377 ⍷ APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL EPSILON UNDERBAR

EBCDIC code pages

Code page 293

Code page 293 (CCSID 293),[19] called "APL (USA)", is an EBCDIC code page which includes APL symbols, in addition to preserving the basic Latin letters and Western Arabic numerals at their usual EBCDIC locations.[12][17]

Code page 293[20][12][17]
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
NUL SOH STX ETX SEL  HT  RNL DEL  GE  SPS RPT  VT   FF   CR   SO   SI  
DLE DC1 DC2 DC3 RES/
ENP 		 NL    BS  POC CAN  EM  UBS CU1  IFS  IGS  IRS IUS/
ITB
 DS  SOS  FS  WUS BYP/
INP 		 LF  ETB ESC  SA  SFE  SM/
SW 		CSP MFA ENQ ACK BEL
SYN   IR   PP  TRN NBS EOT SBS   IT  RFF CU3 DC4 NAK SUB
 SP  𝐴̲ 𝐵̲ 𝐶̲ 𝐷̲ 𝐸̲ 𝐹̲ 𝐺̲ 𝐻̲ 𝐼̲ ¢ . < ( + |
& 𝐽̲ 𝐾̲ 𝐿̲ 𝑀̲ 𝑁̲ 𝑂̲ 𝑃̲ 𝑄̲ 𝑅̲ ! $ ⋆/* ) ; ¬
-/− / 𝑆̲ 𝑇̲ 𝑈̲ 𝑉̲ 𝑊̲ 𝑋̲ 𝑌̲ 𝑍̲ ¦ , % _ > ?
⋄/◊/◆ ∧/⋀ ¨ ⌻ ⍸ ⍷ ⊢ ⊣ ∨ ` :/∶ # @ ' = "
∼/~ a b c d e f g h i ↑ ↓ ≤ ⌈ ⌊ →
⎕ j k l m n o p q r ⊃ ⊂ ○ ←
‾ ~ s t u v w x y z ∩/⋂ ∪/⋃ ⊥ [ ≥ ∘
⍺/α ∊/ε/∈ ⍳/ι ⍴/ρ ⍵/ω × \/∖ ÷ ∇ ∆ ⊤ ] ≠ ∣/│
{ A B C D E F G H I ⍲ ⍱ ⌷ ⌽ ⍂ ⍉
} J K L M N O P Q R ⌶ !/ǃ ⍒ ⍋ ⍞ ⍝
\ ≡ S T U V W X Y Z ⌿ ⍀ ∵ ⊖ ⌹ ⍕
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ⍫ ⍙ ⍟ ⍎  EO 
  Differences from Code page 37

Code page 310

Code page 310 ("Graphic Escape APL/TN") includes a larger gamut of symbols, but does not itself include the basic Latin letters or the basic digits.[21][7] It is used alongside Code page 37-2,[22] with the Code page 310 codes being prefixed by the Graphic Escape (EBCDIC 0x08)[23] control character.[9][24]

Code page 310 (prefixed with 0x08)[25][21][7][9][lower-alpha 2]
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
 SP  𝐴̲ 𝐵̲ 𝐶̲ 𝐷̲ 𝐸̲ 𝐹̲ 𝐺̲ 𝐻̲ 𝐼̲
𝐽̲ 𝐾̲ 𝐿̲ 𝑀̲ 𝑁̲ 𝑂̲ 𝑃̲ 𝑄̲ 𝑅̲
𝑆̲ 𝑇̲ 𝑈̲ 𝑉̲ 𝑊̲ 𝑋̲ 𝑌̲ 𝑍̲
◊/⋄/◆ ∧/⋀ ¨ ⌻ ⍸ ⍷ ⊢ ⊣ ∨
∼/~ ║ ═ ⎸ ⎹ │/⎥ ↑ ↓ ≤ ⌈ ⌊ →
⎕ ▌ ▐ ▀ ▄ █/■ ⊃ ⊂ ⌑/¤ ○ ± ←
¯/‾ ° ─ ∙/• ₙ ∩/⋂ ∪/⋃ ⊥ [ ≥ ∘
⍺/α ∊/∈/ε ⍳/ι ⍴/ρ ⍵/ω × ∖/\ ÷ ∇ ∆ ⊤ ] ≠ ∣/│
{ ⁽ ⁺/+ ■/∎ └ ┌ ├ ┴ § ⍲ ⍱ ⌷ ⌽ ⍂ ⍉
} ⁾ ⁻/- ┼ ┘ ┐ ┤ ┬ ⌶ ǃ/! ⍒ ⍋ ⍞ ⍝
≡ ₁ ₂ ₃ ⍤[lower-alpha 3] ⍥[lower-alpha 3] ⍪[lower-alpha 3] €[lower-alpha 3] ⌿ ⍀ ∵ ⊖ ⌹ ⍕
⁰ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ ⁶ ⁷ ⁸ ⁹ ⍫ ⍙ ⍟ ⍎

Code page 351

Code page 351 ("GDDM Default (USA)")[26] contains most of the characters of Code page 293 and Code page 310 (except ⍷, epsilon with underline) in addition to the letters and digits, by replacing several control characters with symbols.

Code page 351[26]
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
NUL {  HT  ▀ ⎹  FF   CR 
 NL    BS  ▌ █ ▐ │ ┐ ┌ └ ┘
⁽ ⁾ ⁺ ⁻ }  LF  ⍸ ║ ▄ ═ ⎸ § ┼ ─ ⊢ ⊣
⁰ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ ⁶ ⁷ ⁸ ⁹ ┬ ├ ┴ ┤
 SP  𝐴̲ 𝐵̲ 𝐶̲ 𝐷̲ 𝐸̲ 𝐹̲ 𝐺̲ 𝐻̲ 𝐼̲ ¢ . < ( + |
& 𝐽̲ 𝐾̲ 𝐿̲ 𝑀̲ 𝑁̲ 𝑂̲ 𝑃̲ 𝑄̲ 𝑅̲ ! $ * ) ; ¬
- / 𝑆̲ 𝑇̲ 𝑈̲ 𝑉̲ 𝑊̲ 𝑋̲ 𝑌̲ 𝑍̲ ¦ , % _ > ?
⋄ ∧ ¨ ₁ ₂ ₃ ₙ ° ∨ ` : # @ ' = "
∼ a b c d e f g h i ↑ ↓ ≤ ⌈ ⌊ →
⎕ j k l m n o p q r ⊃ ⊂ ⌑ ○ ± ←
¯ ~ s t u v w x y z ∩ ∪ ⊥ [ ≥ ∘
⍺ ∈/∊ ⍳ ⍴ ⍵ ■ × ∖ / \ ÷ ∙ ∇ ∆ ⊤ ] ≠ ∣
{ A B C D E F G H I ⍲ ⍱ ⌷ ⌽ ⍂ ⍉
} J K L M N O P Q R ⌶ ǃ/! ⍒ ⍋ ⍞ ⍝
\ ≡ S T U V W X Y Z ⌿ ⍀ ∵ ⊖ ⌹ ⍕
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ⌻ ⍫ ⍙ ⍟ ⍎

7-bit modified ASCII

Code page 371 (IR-68)

Main page: ISO-IR-68

Code page 371,[27] registered for use with ISO/IEC 2022 as ISO-IR-68,[28][8] is a 7-bit heavily modified ASCII, designed by the APL Working Group of the Canadian Standards Association, intended for use with APL in an environment allowing overstriking of characters using the Template:Ctrl (backspace, 0x08) control code.[28][8]

8-bit modified and/or extended ASCII

Code page 907

Code page 907 is used by the IBM 3812, like code page 906.

|- |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="U+263A WHITE SMILING FACE" style="padding:1px;"|☺ |title="U+263B BLACK SMILING FACE" style="padding:1px;"|☻ |title="U+2665 BLACK HEART SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♥ |title="U+2666 BLACK DIAMOND SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♦ |title="U+2663 BLACK CLUB SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♣ |title="U+2660 BLACK SPADE SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♠ |title="U+2022 BULLET" style="padding:1px;"|• |title="U+25D8 INVERSE BULLET" style="padding:1px;"|◘ |title="U+25CB WHITE CIRCLE" style="padding:1px;"|○ |title="U+25D9 INVERSE WHITE CIRCLE" style="padding:1px;"|◙ |title="U+2642 MALE SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|♂ |title="U+2640 FEMALE SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|♀ |title="U+266A EIGHTH NOTE" style="padding:1px;"|♪ |title="U+266C BEAMED SIXTEENTH NOTES" style="padding:1px;"|♬ |title="U+263C WHITE SUN WITH RAYS" style="padding:1px;"|☼ |- |title="U+25BA BLACK RIGHT-POINTING POINTER" style="padding:1px;"|► |title="U+25C4 BLACK LEFT-POINTING POINTER" style="padding:1px;"|◄ |title="U+2195 UP DOWN ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|↕ |title="U+203C DOUBLE EXCLAMATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|‼ |title="U+00B6 PILCROW SIGN" style="padding:1px;"| |title="U+00A7 SECTION SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|§ |title="U+25AC BLACK RECTANGLE" style="padding:1px;"|▬ |title="U+21A8 UP DOWN ARROW WITH BASE" style="padding:1px;"|↨ |title="U+2191 UPWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|↑ |title="U+2193 DOWNWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|↓ |title="U+2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|→ |title="U+2190 LEFTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|← |title="U+221F RIGHT ANGLE" style="padding:1px;"|∟ |title="U+2194 LEFT RIGHT ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|↔ |title="U+25B2 BLACK UP-POINTING TRIANGLE" style="padding:1px;"|▲ |title="U+25BC BLACK DOWN-POINTING TRIANGLE" style="padding:1px;"|▼ |- |title="U+0020 SPACE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| SP  |title="U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK / U+01C3 LATIN LETTER RETROFLEX CLICK" style="padding:1px;"|!/ǃ |title="U+0022 QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|" |title="U+0023 NUMBER SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|# |title="U+0024 DOLLAR SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|$ |title="U+0025 PERCENT SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|% |title="U+0026 AMPERSAND" style="padding:1px;"|& |title="U+0027 APOSTROPHE" style="padding:1px;"|' |title="U+0028 LEFT PARENTHESIS" style="padding:1px;"|( |title="U+0029 RIGHT PARENTHESIS" style="padding:1px;"|) |title="U+22C6 STAR OPERATOR / U+002A ASTERISK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⋆/* |title="U+002B PLUS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|+ |title="U+002C COMMA" style="padding:1px;"|, |title="U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS / U+2212 MINUS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|-/− |title="U+002E FULL STOP" style="padding:1px;"|. |title="U+002F SOLIDUS" style="padding:1px;"|/ |- |title="U+0030 DIGIT ZERO" style="padding:1px;"|0 |title="U+0031 DIGIT ONE" style="padding:1px;"|1 |title="U+0032 DIGIT TWO" style="padding:1px;"|2 |title="U+0033 DIGIT THREE" style="padding:1px;"|3 |title="U+0034 DIGIT FOUR" style="padding:1px;"|4 |title="U+0035 DIGIT FIVE" style="padding:1px;"|5 |title="U+0036 DIGIT SIX" style="padding:1px;"|6 |title="U+0037 DIGIT SEVEN" style="padding:1px;"|7 |title="U+0038 DIGIT EIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|8 |title="U+0039 DIGIT NINE" style="padding:1px;"|9 |title="U+003A COLON / U+2236 RATIO" style="padding:1px;"|:/∶ |title="U+003B SEMICOLON" style="padding:1px;"|; |title="U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|< |title="U+003D EQUALS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|= |title="U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|> |title="U+003F QUESTION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|? |- |title="U+0040 COMMERCIAL AT" style="padding:1px;"|@ |title="U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A" style="padding:1px;"|A |title="U+0042 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B" style="padding:1px;"|B |title="U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C" style="padding:1px;"|C |title="U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D" style="padding:1px;"|D |title="U+0045 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E" style="padding:1px;"|E |title="U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F" style="padding:1px;"|F |title="U+0047 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G" style="padding:1px;"|G |title="U+0048 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H" style="padding:1px;"|H |title="U+0049 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I" style="padding:1px;"|I |title="U+004A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J" style="padding:1px;"|J |title="U+004B LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K" style="padding:1px;"|K |title="U+004C LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L" style="padding:1px;"|L |title="U+004D LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M" style="padding:1px;"|M |title="U+004E LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N" style="padding:1px;"|N |title="U+004F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O" style="padding:1px;"|O |- |title="U+0050 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P" style="padding:1px;"|P |title="U+0051 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q" style="padding:1px;"|Q |title="U+0052 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R" style="padding:1px;"|R |title="U+0053 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S" style="padding:1px;"|S |title="U+0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T" style="padding:1px;"|T |title="U+0055 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U" style="padding:1px;"|U |title="U+0056 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V" style="padding:1px;"|V |title="U+0057 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W" style="padding:1px;"|W |title="U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X" style="padding:1px;"|X |title="U+0059 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y" style="padding:1px;"|Y |title="U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z" style="padding:1px;"|Z |title="U+005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|[ |title="U+005C REVERSE SOLIDUS / U+2216 SET MINUS" style="padding:1px;"|\/∖ |title="U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|] |title="U+2227 LOGICAL AND / U+22C0 N-ARY LOGICAL AND" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∧/⋀ |title="U+005F LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;"|_ |- |title="U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT" style="padding:1px;"|` |title="U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A" style="padding:1px;"|a |title="U+0062 LATIN SMALL LETTER B" style="padding:1px;"|b |title="U+0063 LATIN SMALL LETTER C" style="padding:1px;"|c |title="U+0064 LATIN SMALL LETTER D" style="padding:1px;"|d |title="U+0065 LATIN SMALL LETTER E" style="padding:1px;"|e |title="U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F" style="padding:1px;"|f |title="U+0067 LATIN SMALL LETTER G" style="padding:1px;"|g |title="U+0068 LATIN SMALL LETTER H" style="padding:1px;"|h |title="U+0069 LATIN SMALL LETTER I" style="padding:1px;"|i |title="U+006A LATIN SMALL LETTER J" style="padding:1px;"|j |title="U+006B LATIN SMALL LETTER K" style="padding:1px;"|k |title="U+006C LATIN SMALL LETTER L" style="padding:1px;"|l |title="U+006D LATIN SMALL LETTER M" style="padding:1px;"|m |title="U+006E LATIN SMALL LETTER N" style="padding:1px;"|n |title="U+006F LATIN SMALL LETTER O" style="padding:1px;"|o |- |title="U+0070 LATIN SMALL LETTER P" style="padding:1px;"|p |title="U+0071 LATIN SMALL LETTER Q" style="padding:1px;"|q |title="U+0072 LATIN SMALL LETTER R" style="padding:1px;"|r |title="U+0073 LATIN SMALL LETTER S" style="padding:1px;"|s |title="U+0074 LATIN SMALL LETTER T" style="padding:1px;"|t |title="U+0075 LATIN SMALL LETTER U" style="padding:1px;"|u |title="U+0076 LATIN SMALL LETTER V" style="padding:1px;"|v |title="U+0077 LATIN SMALL LETTER W" style="padding:1px;"|w |title="U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X" style="padding:1px;"|x |title="U+0079 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y" style="padding:1px;"|y |title="U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z" style="padding:1px;"|z |title="U+007B LEFT CURLY BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|{ |title="U+2223 DIVIDES / U+2502 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∣/│ |title="U+007D RIGHT CURLY BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|} |title="U+223C TILDE OPERATOR / U+007E TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∼/~ |title="U+2302 HOUSE" style="padding:1px;"|⌂ |- |title="U+1D434 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL A, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐴̲ |title="U+1D435 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL B, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐵̲ |title="U+1D436 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL C, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐶̲ |title="U+1D437 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL D, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐷̲ |title="U+1D438 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL E, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐸̲ |title="U+1D439 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL F, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐹̲ |title="U+1D43A MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL G, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐺̲ |title="U+1D43B MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL H, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐻̲ |title="U+1D43C MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL I, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐼̲ |title="U+1D43D MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL J, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐽̲ |title="U+1D43E MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL K, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐾̲ |title="U+1D43F MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL L, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝐿̲ |title="U+1D440 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL M, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑀̲ |title="U+1D441 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL N, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑁̲ |title="U+1D442 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL O, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑂̲ |title="U+1D443 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL P, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑃̲ |- |title="U+2395 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⎕ |title="U+235E APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUOTE QUAD" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍞ |title="U+2339 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD DIVIDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌹ |title="U+1D444 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL Q, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑄̲ |title="U+1D445 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL R, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑅̲ |title="U+1D446 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL S, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑆̲ |title="U+1D447 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL T, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑇̲ |title="U+1D448 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL U, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑈̲ |title="U+22A4 DOWN TACK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊤ |title="U+1D449 MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL V, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑉̲ |title="U+1D44A MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL W, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑊̲ |title="U+00A2 CENT SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|¢ |title="U+1D44B MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL X, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑋̲ |title="U+22A5 UP TACK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊥ |title="U+2190 LEFTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|← |title="U+2336 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL I-BEAM" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌶ |- |title="U+1D44C MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL Y, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑌̲ |title="U+1D44D MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL Z, U+0332 COMBINING LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|𝑍̲ |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="U+2308 LEFT CEILING" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌈ |title="U+00AC NOT SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|¬ |title="U+2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|→ |title="U+222A UNION / U+22C3 N-ARY UNION" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∪/⋃ |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="U+2355 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP TACK JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍕ |title="U+234E APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DOWN TACK JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍎ |- |title="U+2591 LIGHT SHADE" style="padding:1px;"|░ |title="U+2592 MEDIUM SHADE" style="padding:1px;"|▒ |title="U+2593 DARK SHADE" style="padding:1px;"|▓ |title="U+2502 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL" style="padding:1px;"|│ |title="U+2524 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|┤ |title="U+2377 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL EPSILON UNDERBAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍷ |title="U+2378 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL IOTA UNDERBAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍸ |title="U+2261 IDENTICAL TO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|≡ |title="U+2235 BECAUSE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∵ |title="U+2563 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|╣ |title="U+2551 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL" style="padding:1px;"|║ |title="U+2557 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|╗ |title="U+255D BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|╝ |title="U+2342 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD BACKSLASH" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍂ |title="U+233B APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌻ |title="U+2510 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|┐ |- |title="U+2514 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|└ |title="U+2534 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|┴ |title="U+252C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|┬ |title="U+251C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|├ |title="U+2500 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|─ |title="U+253C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|┼ |title="U+2337 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL SQUISH QUAD" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌷ |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="U+255A BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|╚ |title="U+2554 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|╔ |title="U+2569 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|╩ |title="U+2566 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|╦ |title="U+2560 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|╠ |title="U+2550 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|═ |title="U+256C BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|╬ |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |- |title="U+2191 UPWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|↑ |title="U+2193 DOWNWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|↓ |title="U+235F APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE STAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍟ |title="U+2206 INCREMENT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∆ |title="U+2207 NABLA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∇ |title="U+230A LEFT FLOOR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌊ |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="U+2518 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|┘ |title="U+250C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|┌ |title="U+2588 FULL BLOCK" style="padding:1px;"|█ |title="U+2584 LOWER HALF BLOCK" style="padding:1px;"|▄ |title="U+258C LEFT HALF BLOCK" style="padding:1px;"|▌ |title="U+2590 RIGHT HALF BLOCK" style="padding:1px;"|▐ |title="U+2580 UPPER HALF BLOCK" style="padding:1px;"|▀ |- |title="U+237A APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL ALPHA / U+03B1 GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍺/α |title="U+00DF LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S" style="padding:1px;"|ß |title="U+2282 SUBSET OF" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊂ |title="U+2283 SUPERSET OF" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊃ |title="U+235D APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP SHOE JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍝ |title="U+2372 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP CARET TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍲ |title="U+2374 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL RHO / U+03C1 GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍴/ρ |title="U+2371 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DOWN CARET TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍱ |title="U+233D APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE STILE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌽ |title="U+2296 CIRCLED MINUS" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊖ |title="U+25CB WHITE CIRCLE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|○ |title="U+2228 LOGICAL OR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∨ |title="U+2373 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL IOTA / U+03B9 GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍳/ι |title="U+2349 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE BACKSLASH" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍉ |title="U+220A SMALL ELEMENT OF / U+03B5 GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON / U+2208 ELEMENT OF" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∊/ε/∈ |title="U+2229 INTERSECTION / U+22C2 N-ARY INTERSECTION" style="padding:1px;"|∩/⋂ |- |title="U+233F APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL SLASH BAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌿ |title="U+2340 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL BACKSLASH BAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍀ |title="U+2265 GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO" style="padding:1px;"|≥ |title="U+2264 LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO" style="padding:1px;"|≤ |title="U+2260 NOT EQUAL TO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|≠ |title="U+00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|× |title="U+00F7 DIVISION SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|÷ |title="U+2359 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DELTA UNDERBAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍙ |title="U+2218 RING OPERATOR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∘ |title="U+2375 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL OMEGA / U+03C9 GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍵/ω |title="U+236B APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DEL TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍫ |title="U+234B APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DELTA STILE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍋ |title="U+2352 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DEL STILE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍒ |title="U+203E OVERLINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|‾ |title="U+00A8 DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|¨ |title="U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|NBSP |}

  Differences from code page 437

Code page 909

Code page 909 is another encoding for APL, differing from code page 907 in not including the underlined characters, assigning different codes to the APL characters which fall in the 0xB0–DF range, and replacing some of the C0 replacement graphics from code page 437 with alternative encodings for certain APL symbols.

|- |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="U+2377 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL EPSILON UNDERBAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍷ |title="U+2378 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL IOTA UNDERBAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍸ |title="U+2665 BLACK HEART SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♥ |title="U+2666 BLACK DIAMOND SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♦ |title="U+2663 BLACK CLUB SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♣ |title="U+2660 BLACK SPADE SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♠ |title="U+2022 BULLET" style="padding:1px;"|• |title="U+25D8 INVERSE BULLET" style="padding:1px;"|◘ |title="U+25CB WHITE CIRCLE" style="padding:1px;"|○ |title="U+25D9 INVERSE WHITE CIRCLE" style="padding:1px;"|◙ |title="U+2261 IDENTICAL TO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|≡ |title="U+2640 FEMALE SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|♀ |title="U+266A EIGHTH NOTE" style="padding:1px;"|♪ |title="U+266C BEAMED SIXTEENTH NOTES" style="padding:1px;"|♬ |title="U+235F APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE STAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍟ |- |title="U+25BA BLACK RIGHT-POINTING POINTER" style="padding:1px;"|► |title="U+25C4 BLACK LEFT-POINTING POINTER" style="padding:1px;"|◄ |title="U+2235 BECAUSE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∵ |title="U+2337 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL SQUISH QUAD" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌷ |title="U+00B6 PILCROW SIGN" style="padding:1px;"| |title="U+00A7 SECTION SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|§ |title="U+2342 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD BACKSLASH" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍂ |title="U+233B APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌻ |title="U+2191 UPWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|↑ |title="U+2193 DOWNWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|↓ |title="U+2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|→ |title="U+2190 LEFTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|← |title="U+230A LEFT FLOOR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌊ |title="U+2194 LEFT RIGHT ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|↔ |title="U+2206 INCREMENT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∆ |title="U+2207 NABLA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∇ |- |title="U+0020 SPACE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| SP  |title="U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK / U+01C3 LATIN LETTER RETROFLEX CLICK" style="padding:1px;"|!/ǃ |title="U+0022 QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|" |title="U+0023 NUMBER SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|# |title="U+0024 DOLLAR SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|$ |title="U+0025 PERCENT SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|% |title="U+0026 AMPERSAND" style="padding:1px;"|& |title="U+0027 APOSTROPHE" style="padding:1px;"|' |title="U+0028 LEFT PARENTHESIS" style="padding:1px;"|( |title="U+0029 RIGHT PARENTHESIS" style="padding:1px;"|) |title="U+22C6 STAR OPERATOR / U+002A ASTERISK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⋆/* |title="U+002B PLUS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|+ |title="U+002C COMMA" style="padding:1px;"|, |title="U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS / U+2212 MINUS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|-/− |title="U+002E FULL STOP" style="padding:1px;"|. |title="U+002F SOLIDUS" style="padding:1px;"|/ |- |title="U+0030 DIGIT ZERO" style="padding:1px;"|0 |title="U+0031 DIGIT ONE" style="padding:1px;"|1 |title="U+0032 DIGIT TWO" style="padding:1px;"|2 |title="U+0033 DIGIT THREE" style="padding:1px;"|3 |title="U+0034 DIGIT FOUR" style="padding:1px;"|4 |title="U+0035 DIGIT FIVE" style="padding:1px;"|5 |title="U+0036 DIGIT SIX" style="padding:1px;"|6 |title="U+0037 DIGIT SEVEN" style="padding:1px;"|7 |title="U+0038 DIGIT EIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|8 |title="U+0039 DIGIT NINE" style="padding:1px;"|9 |title="U+003A COLON / U+2236 RATIO" style="padding:1px;"|:/∶ |title="U+003B SEMICOLON" style="padding:1px;"|; |title="U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|< |title="U+003D EQUALS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|= |title="U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|> |title="U+003F QUESTION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|? |- |title="U+0040 COMMERCIAL AT" style="padding:1px;"|@ |title="U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A" style="padding:1px;"|A |title="U+0042 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B" style="padding:1px;"|B |title="U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C" style="padding:1px;"|C |title="U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D" style="padding:1px;"|D |title="U+0045 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E" style="padding:1px;"|E |title="U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F" style="padding:1px;"|F |title="U+0047 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G" style="padding:1px;"|G |title="U+0048 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H" style="padding:1px;"|H |title="U+0049 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I" style="padding:1px;"|I |title="U+004A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J" style="padding:1px;"|J |title="U+004B LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K" style="padding:1px;"|K |title="U+004C LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L" style="padding:1px;"|L |title="U+004D LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M" style="padding:1px;"|M |title="U+004E LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N" style="padding:1px;"|N |title="U+004F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O" style="padding:1px;"|O |- |title="U+0050 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P" style="padding:1px;"|P |title="U+0051 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q" style="padding:1px;"|Q |title="U+0052 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R" style="padding:1px;"|R |title="U+0053 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S" style="padding:1px;"|S |title="U+0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T" style="padding:1px;"|T |title="U+0055 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U" style="padding:1px;"|U |title="U+0056 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V" style="padding:1px;"|V |title="U+0057 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W" style="padding:1px;"|W |title="U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X" style="padding:1px;"|X |title="U+0059 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y" style="padding:1px;"|Y |title="U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z" style="padding:1px;"|Z |title="U+005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|[ |title="U+005C REVERSE SOLIDUS / U+2216 SET MINUS" style="padding:1px;"|\/∖ |title="U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|] |title="U+2227 LOGICAL AND / U+22C0 N-ARY LOGICAL AND" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∧/⋀ |title="U+005F LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;"|_ |- |title="U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT" style="padding:1px;"|` |title="U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A" style="padding:1px;"|a |title="U+0062 LATIN SMALL LETTER B" style="padding:1px;"|b |title="U+0063 LATIN SMALL LETTER C" style="padding:1px;"|c |title="U+0064 LATIN SMALL LETTER D" style="padding:1px;"|d |title="U+0065 LATIN SMALL LETTER E" style="padding:1px;"|e |title="U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F" style="padding:1px;"|f |title="U+0067 LATIN SMALL LETTER G" style="padding:1px;"|g |title="U+0068 LATIN SMALL LETTER H" style="padding:1px;"|h |title="U+0069 LATIN SMALL LETTER I" style="padding:1px;"|i |title="U+006A LATIN SMALL LETTER J" style="padding:1px;"|j |title="U+006B LATIN SMALL LETTER K" style="padding:1px;"|k |title="U+006C LATIN SMALL LETTER L" style="padding:1px;"|l |title="U+006D LATIN SMALL LETTER M" style="padding:1px;"|m |title="U+006E LATIN SMALL LETTER N" style="padding:1px;"|n |title="U+006F LATIN SMALL LETTER O" style="padding:1px;"|o |- |title="U+0070 LATIN SMALL LETTER P" style="padding:1px;"|p |title="U+0071 LATIN SMALL LETTER Q" style="padding:1px;"|q |title="U+0072 LATIN SMALL LETTER R" style="padding:1px;"|r |title="U+0073 LATIN SMALL LETTER S" style="padding:1px;"|s |title="U+0074 LATIN SMALL LETTER T" style="padding:1px;"|t |title="U+0075 LATIN SMALL LETTER U" style="padding:1px;"|u |title="U+0076 LATIN SMALL LETTER V" style="padding:1px;"|v |title="U+0077 LATIN SMALL LETTER W" style="padding:1px;"|w |title="U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X" style="padding:1px;"|x |title="U+0079 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y" style="padding:1px;"|y |title="U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z" style="padding:1px;"|z |title="U+007B LEFT CURLY BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|{ |title="U+2223 DIVIDES / U+2502 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∣/│ |title="U+007D RIGHT CURLY BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|} |title="U+223C TILDE OPERATOR / U+007E TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∼/~ |title="U+2302 HOUSE" style="padding:1px;"|⌂ |- |title="U+00C7 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA" style="padding:1px;"|Ç |title="U+00FC LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|ü |title="U+00E9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE" style="padding:1px;"|é |title="U+00E2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX" style="padding:1px;"|â |title="U+00E4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|ä |title="U+00E0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE" style="padding:1px;"|à |title="U+00E5 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE" style="padding:1px;"|å |title="U+00E7 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA" style="padding:1px;"|ç |title="U+00EA LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX" style="padding:1px;"|ê |title="U+00EB LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|ë |title="U+00E8 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE" style="padding:1px;"|è |title="U+00EF LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|ï |title="U+00EE LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX" style="padding:1px;"|î |title="U+00EC LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE" style="padding:1px;"|ì |title="U+00C4 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|Ä |title="U+00C5 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE" style="padding:1px;"|Å |- |title="U+2395 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⎕ |title="U+235E APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUOTE QUAD" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍞ |title="U+2339 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD DIVIDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌹ |title="U+00F4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX" style="padding:1px;"|ô |title="U+00F6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|ö |title="U+00F2 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE" style="padding:1px;"|ò |title="U+00FB LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX" style="padding:1px;"|û |title="U+00F9 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE" style="padding:1px;"|ù |title="U+22A4 DOWN TACK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊤ |title="U+00D6 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|Ö |title="U+00DC LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|Ü |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="U+00A3 POUND SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|£ |title="U+22A5 UP TACK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊥ |title="U+2190 LEFTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|← |title="U+2336 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL I-BEAM" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌶ |- |title="U+00E1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE" style="padding:1px;"|á |title="U+00ED LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE" style="padding:1px;"|í |title="U+00F3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE" style="padding:1px;"|ó |title="U+00FA LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE" style="padding:1px;"|ú |title="U+00F1 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE" style="padding:1px;"|ñ |title="U+00D1 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH TILDE" style="padding:1px;"|Ñ |title="U+00AA FEMININE ORDINAL INDICATOR" style="padding:1px;"|ª |title="U+00BA MASCULINE ORDINAL INDICATOR" style="padding:1px;"|º |title="U+00BF INVERTED QUESTION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|¿ |title="U+2308 LEFT CEILING" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌈ |title="U+00AC NOT SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|¬ |title="U+2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|→ |title="U+222A UNION / U+22C3 N-ARY UNION" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∪/⋃ |title="U+00A1 INVERTED EXCLAMATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|¡ |title="U+2355 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP TACK JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍕ |title="U+234E APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DOWN TACK JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍎ |- |title="U+2591 LIGHT SHADE" style="padding:1px;"|░ |title="U+2592 MEDIUM SHADE" style="padding:1px;"|▒ |title="U+2593 DARK SHADE" style="padding:1px;"|▓ |title="U+2502 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL" style="padding:1px;"|│ |title="U+2524 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|┤ |title="U+235F APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE STAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍟ |title="U+2206 INCREMENT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∆ |title="U+2207 NABLA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∇ |title="U+2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|→ |title="U+2563 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|╣ |title="U+2551 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL" style="padding:1px;"|║ |title="U+2557 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|╗ |title="U+255D BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|╝ |title="U+2190 LEFTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|← |title="U+230A LEFT FLOOR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌊ |title="U+2510 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|┐ |- |title="U+2514 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|└ |title="U+2534 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|┴ |title="U+252C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|┬ |title="U+251C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|├ |title="U+2500 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|─ |title="U+253C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|┼ |title="U+2191 UPWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|↑ |title="U+2193 DOWNWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|↓ |title="U+255A BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|╚ |title="U+2554 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|╔ |title="U+2569 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|╩ |title="U+2566 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|╦ |title="U+2560 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|╠ |title="U+2550 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|═ |title="U+256C BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|╬ |title="U+2261 IDENTICAL TO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|≡ |- |title="U+2378 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL IOTA UNDERBAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍸ |title="U+2377 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL EPSILON UNDERBAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍷ |title="U+2235 BECAUSE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∵ |title="U+2337 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL SQUISH QUAD" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌷ |title="U+2342 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD BACKSLASH" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍂ |title="U+233B APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌻ |title="U+22A2 RIGHT TACK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊢ |title="U+22A3 LEFT TACK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊣ |title="U+22C4 DIAMOND OPERATOR / U+25CA LOZENGE / U+25C6 BLACK DIAMOND" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⋄/◊/◆ |title="U+2518 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|┘ |title="U+250C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|┌ |title="U+2588 FULL BLOCK" style="padding:1px;"|█ |title="U+2584 LOWER HALF BLOCK" style="padding:1px;"|▄ |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="U+2580 UPPER HALF BLOCK" style="padding:1px;"|▀ |- |title="U+237A APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL ALPHA / U+03B1 GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍺/α |title="U+00DF LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S" style="padding:1px;"|ß |title="U+2282 SUBSET OF" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊂ |title="U+2283 SUPERSET OF" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊃ |title="U+235D APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP SHOE JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍝ |title="U+2372 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP CARET TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍲ |title="U+2374 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL RHO / U+03C1 GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍴/ρ |title="U+2371 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DOWN CARET TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍱ |title="U+233D APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE STILE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌽ |title="U+2296 CIRCLED MINUS" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊖ |title="U+25CB WHITE CIRCLE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|○ |title="U+2228 LOGICAL OR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∨ |title="U+2373 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL IOTA / U+03B9 GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍳/ι |title="U+2349 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE BACKSLASH" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍉ |title="U+220A SMALL ELEMENT OF / U+03B5 GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON / U+2208 ELEMENT OF" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∊/ε/∈ |title="U+2229 INTERSECTION / U+22C2 N-ARY INTERSECTION" style="padding:1px;"|∩/⋂ |- |title="U+233F APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL SLASH BAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌿ |title="U+2340 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL BACKSLASH BAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍀ |title="U+2265 GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO" style="padding:1px;"|≥ |title="U+2264 LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO" style="padding:1px;"|≤ |title="U+2260 NOT EQUAL TO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|≠ |title="U+00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|× |title="U+00F7 DIVISION SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|÷ |title="U+2359 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DELTA UNDERBAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍙ |title="U+2218 RING OPERATOR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∘ |title="U+2375 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL OMEGA / U+03C9 GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍵/ω |title="U+236B APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DEL TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍫ |title="U+234B APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DELTA STILE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍋ |title="U+2352 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DEL STILE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍒ |title="U+203E OVERLINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|‾ |title="U+00A8 DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|¨ |title="U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|NBSP |}

  Differences from code page 437

Code page 910

Code page 910 is similar to code page 909, but with fewer duplicate horizontal arrows, using the same C0 graphics as code page 437, and including some additional characters.

|- |title="" style="padding:1px;background:#DDD"| |title="U+263A WHITE SMILING FACE" style="padding:1px;"|☺ |title="U+263B BLACK SMILING FACE" style="padding:1px;"|☻ |title="U+2665 BLACK HEART SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♥ |title="U+2666 BLACK DIAMOND SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♦ |title="U+2663 BLACK CLUB SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♣ |title="U+2660 BLACK SPADE SUIT" style="padding:1px;"|♠ |title="U+2022 BULLET" style="padding:1px;"|• |title="U+25D8 INVERSE BULLET" style="padding:1px;"|◘ |title="U+25CB WHITE CIRCLE" style="padding:1px;"|○ |title="U+25D9 INVERSE WHITE CIRCLE" style="padding:1px;"|◙ |title="U+2642 MALE SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|♂ |title="U+2640 FEMALE SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|♀ |title="U+266A EIGHTH NOTE" style="padding:1px;"|♪ |title="U+266C BEAMED SIXTEENTH NOTES" style="padding:1px;"|♬ |title="U+263C WHITE SUN WITH RAYS" style="padding:1px;"|☼ |- |title="U+25BA BLACK RIGHT-POINTING POINTER" style="padding:1px;"|► |title="U+25C4 BLACK LEFT-POINTING POINTER" style="padding:1px;"|◄ |title="U+2195 UP DOWN ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|↕ |title="U+203C DOUBLE EXCLAMATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|‼ |title="U+00B6 PILCROW SIGN" style="padding:1px;"| |title="U+00A7 SECTION SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|§ |title="U+25AC BLACK RECTANGLE" style="padding:1px;"|▬ |title="U+21A8 UP DOWN ARROW WITH BASE" style="padding:1px;"|↨ |title="U+2191 UPWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|↑ |title="U+2193 DOWNWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|↓ |title="U+2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|→ |title="U+2190 LEFTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|← |title="U+221F RIGHT ANGLE" style="padding:1px;"|∟ |title="U+2194 LEFT RIGHT ARROW" style="padding:1px;"|↔ |title="U+25B2 BLACK UP-POINTING TRIANGLE" style="padding:1px;"|▲ |title="U+25BC BLACK DOWN-POINTING TRIANGLE" style="padding:1px;"|▼ |- |title="U+0020 SPACE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| SP  |title="U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK / U+01C3 LATIN LETTER RETROFLEX CLICK" style="padding:1px;"|!/ǃ |title="U+0022 QUOTATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|" |title="U+0023 NUMBER SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|# |title="U+0024 DOLLAR SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|$ |title="U+0025 PERCENT SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|% |title="U+0026 AMPERSAND" style="padding:1px;"|& |title="U+0027 APOSTROPHE" style="padding:1px;"|' |title="U+0028 LEFT PARENTHESIS" style="padding:1px;"|( |title="U+0029 RIGHT PARENTHESIS" style="padding:1px;"|) |title="U+22C6 STAR OPERATOR / U+002A ASTERISK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⋆/* |title="U+002B PLUS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|+ |title="U+002C COMMA" style="padding:1px;"|, |title="U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS / U+2212 MINUS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|-/− |title="U+002E FULL STOP" style="padding:1px;"|. |title="U+002F SOLIDUS" style="padding:1px;"|/ |- |title="U+0030 DIGIT ZERO" style="padding:1px;"|0 |title="U+0031 DIGIT ONE" style="padding:1px;"|1 |title="U+0032 DIGIT TWO" style="padding:1px;"|2 |title="U+0033 DIGIT THREE" style="padding:1px;"|3 |title="U+0034 DIGIT FOUR" style="padding:1px;"|4 |title="U+0035 DIGIT FIVE" style="padding:1px;"|5 |title="U+0036 DIGIT SIX" style="padding:1px;"|6 |title="U+0037 DIGIT SEVEN" style="padding:1px;"|7 |title="U+0038 DIGIT EIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|8 |title="U+0039 DIGIT NINE" style="padding:1px;"|9 |title="U+003A COLON / U+2236 RATIO" style="padding:1px;"|:/∶ |title="U+003B SEMICOLON" style="padding:1px;"|; |title="U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|< |title="U+003D EQUALS SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|= |title="U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|> |title="U+003F QUESTION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|? |- |title="U+0040 COMMERCIAL AT" style="padding:1px;"|@ |title="U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A" style="padding:1px;"|A |title="U+0042 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B" style="padding:1px;"|B |title="U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C" style="padding:1px;"|C |title="U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D" style="padding:1px;"|D |title="U+0045 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E" style="padding:1px;"|E |title="U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F" style="padding:1px;"|F |title="U+0047 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G" style="padding:1px;"|G |title="U+0048 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H" style="padding:1px;"|H |title="U+0049 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I" style="padding:1px;"|I |title="U+004A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J" style="padding:1px;"|J |title="U+004B LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K" style="padding:1px;"|K |title="U+004C LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L" style="padding:1px;"|L |title="U+004D LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M" style="padding:1px;"|M |title="U+004E LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N" style="padding:1px;"|N |title="U+004F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O" style="padding:1px;"|O |- |title="U+0050 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P" style="padding:1px;"|P |title="U+0051 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q" style="padding:1px;"|Q |title="U+0052 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R" style="padding:1px;"|R |title="U+0053 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S" style="padding:1px;"|S |title="U+0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T" style="padding:1px;"|T |title="U+0055 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U" style="padding:1px;"|U |title="U+0056 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V" style="padding:1px;"|V |title="U+0057 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W" style="padding:1px;"|W |title="U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X" style="padding:1px;"|X |title="U+0059 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y" style="padding:1px;"|Y |title="U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z" style="padding:1px;"|Z |title="U+005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|[ |title="U+005C REVERSE SOLIDUS / U+2216 SET MINUS" style="padding:1px;"|\/∖ |title="U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|] |title="U+2227 LOGICAL AND / U+22C0 N-ARY LOGICAL AND" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∧/⋀ |title="U+005F LOW LINE" style="padding:1px;"|_ |- |title="U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT" style="padding:1px;"|` |title="U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A" style="padding:1px;"|a |title="U+0062 LATIN SMALL LETTER B" style="padding:1px;"|b |title="U+0063 LATIN SMALL LETTER C" style="padding:1px;"|c |title="U+0064 LATIN SMALL LETTER D" style="padding:1px;"|d |title="U+0065 LATIN SMALL LETTER E" style="padding:1px;"|e |title="U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F" style="padding:1px;"|f |title="U+0067 LATIN SMALL LETTER G" style="padding:1px;"|g |title="U+0068 LATIN SMALL LETTER H" style="padding:1px;"|h |title="U+0069 LATIN SMALL LETTER I" style="padding:1px;"|i |title="U+006A LATIN SMALL LETTER J" style="padding:1px;"|j |title="U+006B LATIN SMALL LETTER K" style="padding:1px;"|k |title="U+006C LATIN SMALL LETTER L" style="padding:1px;"|l |title="U+006D LATIN SMALL LETTER M" style="padding:1px;"|m |title="U+006E LATIN SMALL LETTER N" style="padding:1px;"|n |title="U+006F LATIN SMALL LETTER O" style="padding:1px;"|o |- |title="U+0070 LATIN SMALL LETTER P" style="padding:1px;"|p |title="U+0071 LATIN SMALL LETTER Q" style="padding:1px;"|q |title="U+0072 LATIN SMALL LETTER R" style="padding:1px;"|r |title="U+0073 LATIN SMALL LETTER S" style="padding:1px;"|s |title="U+0074 LATIN SMALL LETTER T" style="padding:1px;"|t |title="U+0075 LATIN SMALL LETTER U" style="padding:1px;"|u |title="U+0076 LATIN SMALL LETTER V" style="padding:1px;"|v |title="U+0077 LATIN SMALL LETTER W" style="padding:1px;"|w |title="U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X" style="padding:1px;"|x |title="U+0079 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y" style="padding:1px;"|y |title="U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z" style="padding:1px;"|z |title="U+007B LEFT CURLY BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|{ |title="U+2223 DIVIDES / U+2502 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∣/│ |title="U+007D RIGHT CURLY BRACKET" style="padding:1px;"|} |title="U+223C TILDE OPERATOR / U+007E TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∼/~ |title="U+2302 HOUSE" style="padding:1px;"|⌂ |- |title="U+00C7 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA" style="padding:1px;"|Ç |title="U+00FC LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|ü |title="U+00E9 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE" style="padding:1px;"|é |title="U+00E2 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX" style="padding:1px;"|â |title="U+00E4 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|ä |title="U+00E0 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE" style="padding:1px;"|à |title="U+00E5 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE" style="padding:1px;"|å |title="U+00E7 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA" style="padding:1px;"|ç |title="U+00EA LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX" style="padding:1px;"|ê |title="U+00EB LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|ë |title="U+00E8 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE" style="padding:1px;"|è |title="U+00EF LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|ï |title="U+00EE LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX" style="padding:1px;"|î |title="U+00EC LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE" style="padding:1px;"|ì |title="U+00C4 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|Ä |title="U+00C5 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE" style="padding:1px;"|Å |- |title="U+2395 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⎕ |title="U+235E APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUOTE QUAD" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍞ |title="U+2339 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD DIVIDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌹ |title="U+00F4 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX" style="padding:1px;"|ô |title="U+00F6 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|ö |title="U+00F2 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE" style="padding:1px;"|ò |title="U+00FB LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX" style="padding:1px;"|û |title="U+00F9 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE" style="padding:1px;"|ù |title="U+22A4 DOWN TACK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊤ |title="U+00D6 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|Ö |title="U+00DC LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;"|Ü |title="U+00F8 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|ø |title="U+00A3 POUND SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|£ |title="U+22A5 UP TACK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊥ |title="U+20A7 PESETA SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|₧ |title="U+2336 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL I-BEAM" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌶ |- |title="U+00E1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE" style="padding:1px;"|á |title="U+00ED LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE" style="padding:1px;"|í |title="U+00F3 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE" style="padding:1px;"|ó |title="U+00FA LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE" style="padding:1px;"|ú |title="U+00F1 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE" style="padding:1px;"|ñ |title="U+00D1 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH TILDE" style="padding:1px;"|Ñ |title="U+00AA FEMININE ORDINAL INDICATOR" style="padding:1px;"|ª |title="U+00BA MASCULINE ORDINAL INDICATOR" style="padding:1px;"|º |title="U+00BF INVERTED QUESTION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|¿ |title="U+2308 LEFT CEILING" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌈ |title="U+00AC NOT SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|¬ |title="U+00BD VULGAR FRACTION ONE HALF" style="padding:1px;"|½ |title="U+222A UNION / U+22C3 N-ARY UNION" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∪/⋃ |title="U+00A1 INVERTED EXCLAMATION MARK" style="padding:1px;"|¡ |title="U+2355 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP TACK JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍕ |title="U+234E APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DOWN TACK JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍎ |- |title="U+2591 LIGHT SHADE" style="padding:1px;"|░ |title="U+2592 MEDIUM SHADE" style="padding:1px;"|▒ |title="U+2593 DARK SHADE" style="padding:1px;"|▓ |title="U+2502 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL" style="padding:1px;"|│ |title="U+2524 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|┤ |title="U+235F APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE STAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍟ |title="U+2206 INCREMENT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∆ |title="U+2207 NABLA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∇ |title="U+2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|→ |title="U+2563 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|╣ |title="U+2551 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL" style="padding:1px;"|║ |title="U+2557 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|╗ |title="U+255D BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|╝ |title="U+2190 LEFTWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|← |title="U+230A LEFT FLOOR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌊ |title="U+2510 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|┐ |- |title="U+2514 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|└ |title="U+2534 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|┴ |title="U+252C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|┬ |title="U+251C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|├ |title="U+2500 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|─ |title="U+253C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|┼ |title="U+2191 UPWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|↑ |title="U+2193 DOWNWARDS ARROW" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|↓ |title="U+255A BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|╚ |title="U+2554 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|╔ |title="U+2569 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE UP AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|╩ |title="U+2566 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE DOWN AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|╦ |title="U+2560 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|╠ |title="U+2550 BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|═ |title="U+256C BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL" style="padding:1px;"|╬ |title="U+2261 IDENTICAL TO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|≡ |- |title="U+2378 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL IOTA UNDERBAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍸ |title="U+2377 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL EPSILON UNDERBAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍷ |title="U+2235 BECAUSE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∵ |title="U+2337 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL SQUISH QUAD" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌷ |title="U+2342 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD BACKSLASH" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍂ |title="U+233B APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL QUAD JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌻ |title="U+22A2 RIGHT TACK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊢ |title="U+22A3 LEFT TACK" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊣ |title="U+22C4 DIAMOND OPERATOR / U+25CA LOZENGE / U+25C6 BLACK DIAMOND" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⋄/◊/◆ |title="U+2518 BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT UP AND LEFT" style="padding:1px;"|┘ |title="U+250C BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOWN AND RIGHT" style="padding:1px;"|┌ |title="U+2588 FULL BLOCK" style="padding:1px;"|█ |title="U+2584 LOWER HALF BLOCK" style="padding:1px;"|▄ |title="U+00A6 BROKEN BAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|¦ |title="U+00CC LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH GRAVE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|Ì |title="U+2580 UPPER HALF BLOCK" style="padding:1px;"|▀ |- |title="U+237A APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL ALPHA / U+03B1 GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍺/α |title="U+00DF LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S" style="padding:1px;"|ß |title="U+2282 SUBSET OF" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊂ |title="U+2283 SUPERSET OF" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊃ |title="U+235D APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP SHOE JOT" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍝ |title="U+2372 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL UP CARET TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍲ |title="U+2374 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL RHO / U+03C1 GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍴/ρ |title="U+2371 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DOWN CARET TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍱ |title="U+233D APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE STILE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌽ |title="U+2296 CIRCLED MINUS" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⊖ |title="U+25CB WHITE CIRCLE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|○ |title="U+2228 LOGICAL OR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∨ |title="U+2373 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL IOTA / U+03B9 GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍳/ι |title="U+2349 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL CIRCLE BACKSLASH" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍉ |title="U+220A SMALL ELEMENT OF / U+03B5 GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON / U+2208 ELEMENT OF" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∊/ε/∈ |title="U+2229 INTERSECTION / U+22C2 N-ARY INTERSECTION" style="padding:1px;"|∩/⋂ |- |title="U+233F APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL SLASH BAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⌿ |title="U+2340 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL BACKSLASH BAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍀ |title="U+2265 GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO" style="padding:1px;"|≥ |title="U+2264 LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO" style="padding:1px;"|≤ |title="U+2260 NOT EQUAL TO" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|≠ |title="U+00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|× |title="U+00F7 DIVISION SIGN" style="padding:1px;"|÷ |title="U+2359 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DELTA UNDERBAR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍙ |title="U+2218 RING OPERATOR" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|∘ |title="U+2375 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL OMEGA / U+03C9 GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍵/ω |title="U+236B APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DEL TILDE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍫ |title="U+234B APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DELTA STILE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍋ |title="U+2352 APL FUNCTIONAL SYMBOL DEL STILE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|⍒ |title="U+203E OVERLINE" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|‾ |title="U+00A8 DIAERESIS" style="padding:1px;background:#FFD"|¨ |title="U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE" style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"|NBSP |}

  Differences from code page 437

Unicode

Most APL symbols are present in Unicode, in the Miscellaneous Technical range,[29] although some APL products may not yet feature Unicode, and some APL symbols may be unused or unavailable in a given vendor's implementation.

As of 2010, Unicode allows APL to be stored in text files, published in print and on the web, and shared through email and instant messaging. Entering APL characters still requires the use of either a specific input method editor or keyboard mapping, or of a specific touch interface. APL keyboard mappings are available for free for the most common operating systems, or can be obtained by adding the Unicode APL symbols to existing keyboard map.

Underscored alphabetic characters

Missing from Unicode are the traditional underscored alphabetic characters included in some of the APL code pages; their usage has been eliminated or deprecated in most APL implementations. These were produced on APL printing terminals by over-striking a straight capital letter with an underscore character. Some tables show them simulated with underlined and italic markup, not listing Unicode mappings.[7]

IBM assigns them GCGIDs as "LA480000" (which they name "A Line Below Capital/A Underscore (APL)"), "LB480000" ("B Line Below Capital/B Underscore (APL)") and so forth, under the "L" series used for Latin letters.[1] The use of an even number (48) rather than an odd number (47) is due to being uppercase: compare the use of SD110000 for a lone acute accent ´, LA110000 for the lowercase á, and LA120000 for the uppercase Á.[30] They are included in IBM's private use area scheme, encoded in reverse‑alphabetical order in the odd-numbered code points from U+F8BF to U+F8F1.[11]

Homologous uses of 47 include the "SD" (diacritic) series GCGID SD470000 for "Line Below/Discontinuous Underscore"[31]—i.e. macron below, distinct from the ASCII underscore which is SP090000 ("Underline/Continuous Underscore")[30]—and the "A" (Arabic letter) series GCGID AD470009 for the ḏāl,[32] for example. Unicode's Latin Extended Additional block includes the following capital "Line Below" characters with the macron below diacritic, for Semitic transcription (it includes a pre-composed ẖ only in lowercase):

  • U+1E06 Ḇ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B WITH LINE BELOW
  • U+1E0E Ḏ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH LINE BELOW
  • U+1E34 Ḵ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K WITH LINE BELOW
  • U+1E3A Ḻ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH LINE BELOW
  • U+1E48 Ṉ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH LINE BELOW
  • U+1E5E Ṟ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R WITH LINE BELOW
  • U+1E6E Ṯ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T WITH LINE BELOW
  • U+1E94 Ẕ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH LINE BELOW

However, this does not cover the entire ISO basic Latin alphabet, and IBM's reference glyphs for the APL characters show them both underlined and oblique,[2] and tables simulating them with markup may follow suit.[7] Unicode's Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols block includes italic characters for use in notations where they are contrastive with non-italic characters. Unicode also includes combining forms of the macron below and underscore in the Combining Diacritical Marks block; the characters above canonically decompose with the former:

  • U+0331 ◌̱ COMBINING MACRON BELOW
  • U+0332 ◌̲ COMBINING LOW LINE

Keyboard layout

Note the mnemonics associating an APL character with a letter: (question mark) on , (power) on , (rho) on , (base value) on , (eNcode) on , (modulus) on and so on. This makes it easier for an English-language speaker to type APL on a non-APL keyboard, providing one has visual feedback on one's screen. Also, decals have been produced for attachment to standard keyboards, either on the front of the keys or on the top of them.

APL keyboard layout.[33]

Later IBM terminals, notably the IBM 3270 display stations, had an alternate keyboard arrangement which is the basis for some of the modern APL keyboard layouts in use today.

Further APL characters were available by overstriking one character with another. For example, the log symbol (⍟) was formed by overstriking with . This extended the graphic abilities of the earlier teleprinters, but made it more complex to correct errors and edit program lines.

New overstrikes were introduced by vendors as they produced versions of APL tailored to specific hardware, system features, file systems, and so on. Further, printing terminals and early APL cathode-ray terminals were able to display arbitrary overstrikes, but as personal computers rapidly replaced terminals as a data-entry device, APL character support became provided as an APL Character Generator ROM or a soft character set rendered by the display device. With the advent of the modern PC, APL characters were defined in specific fonts, eliminating the distinction between overstruck characters and standard characters.

Finally, the symbols were ratified in Unicode and given specific code points, with unambiguous interpretations, independently of the graphic font.

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 There are two naming conventions (which way around "up" and "down" are, and which way around "left" and "right" are) for tack characters, the "London" and "Bosworth" conventions.[4] Which convention is used differs between IBM and Unicode. Naming also differs between composite Unicode characters intended solely for APL (which match IBM naming and use the Bosworth convention) versus plain tacks also intended for other applications (which use the London convention).[4][5] APL specifications subsequently adopted the London convention.[5] The documentation for Dyalog APL notes that the Unicode naming for composite tacks (and thus the IBM naming for all tacks), which follows the lesser-used "Bosworth" convention,[4] runs contrary to convention in the APL community.[6]
  2. ↑ Documented mappings vary.[7][9][25][10]
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Sharp extension.[9]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Graphic Escape APL2/TN - 138". IBM. https://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CS00963.txt. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Graphic Escape APL2/TN - 138 (chart)". IBM. https://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CS00963.pdf. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 "Graphic character identifiers: Specials, APL symbols". IBM. http://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcgid/aplsym.html. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Dickey, Leroy J.. "The Naming of Tack Symbols". https://www.math.uwaterloo.ca/~ljdickey/apl-rep/tables/note1.html. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Freytag, Asmus; McGowan, Rick; Whistler, Ken (2021-06-14). "Known Anomalies in Unicode Character Names". Unicode Consortium. https://www.unicode.org/notes/tn27/. 
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named dyalogsheet
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 7.23 Tachyon Software (2007-07-31), Code Page 00310: 3270 APL Graphic Escape, http://www.tachyonsoft.com/cp00310.htm 
  8. ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 8.20 8.21 8.22 8.23 Cowan, John (2004-06-29). "ISO-IR-68 to Unicode". Unicode, Inc. https://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/MISC/APL-ISO-IR-68.TXT. 
  9. ↑ 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 9.17 9.18 9.19 9.20 9.21 9.22 9.23 "x3270 Character Set". x3270 Documentation. http://x3270.bgp.nu/Charset.html. 
  10. ↑ 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 "EBCDIC and ASCII Tables". http://mainframe.wiki/ebcdicTbl.php. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named unicodenam
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 IBM (1996). "Code Page (CPGID) 00293: APL (USA)". REGISTRY, Graphic Character Sets and Code Pages. https://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP00293.txt. 
  13. ↑ "Personal Computer". IBM. https://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP00437.txt. 
  14. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named cpgid907
  15. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named cpgid909
  16. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named cpgid910
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 Tachyon Software (2007-07-31), Code Page 00293: EBCDIC APL, http://www.tachyonsoft.com/cp00293.htm 
  18. ↑ "IBM Simplified Chinese Graphic Character Set for Extended UNIX Code (EUC)". IBM. 1994. https://public.dhe.ibm.com/as400/products/clientaccess/win32/files/globalization/S_Chinese_EUC.pdf. 
  19. ↑ "CCSID 293 information document". http://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/ccsid/ccsid293.html. 
  20. ↑ Code Page CPGID 00293 (pdf), IBM, https://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP00293.pdf 
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 IBM (1987), "Code Page (CPGID) 00310: Graphic Escape APL/TN", REGISTRY, Graphic Character Sets and Code Pages, https://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP00310.txt 
  22. ↑ xlate - Transliterate Contents of Records, IBM Corporation, 2010, http://vm.marist.edu/%7Epipeline/bhelp/ACH0275.html, retrieved 2016-10-18 
  23. ↑ IBM. "Appendix G-1. EBCDIC control character definitions.". IBM Globalization. https://www-01.ibm.com/software/globalization/cdra/appendix_g1.html. 
  24. ↑ "Chapter 5. 3270 Display Station and Printer Code Page Charts (§ APL/APL2 Text Feature Code Page)". 3174 Establishment Controller Character Set Reference. IBM. 1990. p. 5·6. http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/3174/GA27-3831-02_3174_Character_Set_Reference_199003.pdf#page=147. 
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Code Page CPGID 00310 (pdf), IBM, https://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP00310.pdf 
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 Tachyon Software (2007-07-31), Code Page 00351: GDDM Default (USA), http://www.tachyonsoft.com/cp00351.htm 
  27. ↑ "Code Page 00371". IBM. http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/resources/systems_i_software_globalization_pdf_cp00371z.pdf. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Standards Council of Canada (1983-06-01), APL Character Set for Workspace Interchange, ITSCJ/IPSJ, ISO-IR-68, https://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/iso-ir/068.pdf 
  29. ↑ "The Unicode Standard 5.1 Code Charts: Technical Symbols U+2300-U+23FF". Unicode Standard 5.1. Unicode Consortium. http://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2300.pdf. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 "Windows, Latin 1". IBM. https://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP01252.txt. 
  31. ↑ "OCR B". IBM. https://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CS00969.txt. 
  32. ↑ "Windows, Arabic (PDF)". IBM. https://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/globalization/gcoc/attachments/CP01256.pdf. 
  33. ↑ A more up-to-date keyboard diagram, applicable for APL2 and other modern implementations, is available at WikensOnline Union APL large keyboard layout for Windows , actual photo + diagram here and NARS2000 APL keyboard layout here.

External links



Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Digital_encoding_of_APL_symbols&oldid=3373920"