GOST 10859
From HandWiki
GOST 10859 (1964) is a standard of the Soviet Union which defined how to encode data on punched cards. This standard allowed a variable word size, depending on the type of data being encoded, but only uppercase characters.
These include the non-ASCII “decimal exponent symbol” ⏨. It was used to express real numbers in scientific notation. For example: 6.0221415⏨23.
The ⏨ character was also part of the ALGOL programming language specifications and was incorporated into the then German character encoding standard ALCOR. GOST 10859 also included numerous other non-ASCII characters/symbols useful to ALGOL programmers, e.g.: ∨, ∧, ⊃, ≡, ¬, ≠, ↑, ↓, ×, ÷, ≤, ≥, °, &, ∅, compare with ALGOL operators.
Character sets
| GOST 10859 4-bit code: Binary-coded decimal | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | + | - | / | , | . | DEL | |
| GOST 10859 5-bit code: with BCD & mathematical operators | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | + | - | / | , | . | SP | |
| ⏨ | ↑ | ( | ) | × | = | ; | [ | ] | * | ‘ | ’ | ≠ | < | > | DEL | |
| GOST 10859 6-bit code: with only Cyrillic upper-case letters | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | + | - | / | , | . | SP | |
| ⏨ | ↑ | ( | ) | × | = | ; | [ | ] | * | ‘ | ’ | ≠ | < | > | : | |
| А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | П | |
| Р | С | Т | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | DEL | |
| GOST 10859 7-bit code: Cyrillic and Latin upper-case letters | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | + | - | / | , | . | SP | |
| ⏨ | ↑ | ( | ) | × | = | ; | [ | ] | * | ‘ | ’ | ≠ | < | > | : | |
| А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | П | |
| Р | С | Т | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | D | |
| F | G | I | J | L | N | Q | R | S | U | V | W | Z | ‾ | ≤ | ≥ | |
| ∨ | ∧ | ⊃ | ¬ | ÷ | ≡ | % | ◊ | | | — | ! | " | Ъ | ° | ' | ||
| → | ← | ? | ↓ | ∅ | ± | ∇ | ||||||||||
| DEL | ||||||||||||||||
Cyrillic and Latin letters with identical (A, B, C, E, H, K, M, O, P, T, X) and similar (Y/У) glyphs were unified. | ||||||||||||||||
| GOST 10859 6-bit code: with only Latin upper-case letters | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | + | - | / | , | . | SP | |
| ⏨ | ↑ | ( | ) | × | = | ; | [ | ] | * | ‘ | ’ | ≠ | < | > | : | |
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | |
| Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ∨ | ∧ | ⊃ | ¬ | ÷ | DEL | |
See also
References
- (in Russian) ГОСТ 10859-64. Машины вычислительные. Коды алфавитно-цифровые для перфокарт и перфолент.
- GOST 10859 (from the Computer Museum of University of Amsterdam)
- GOST 10859
Further reading
- "Computer Arithmetic". quadibloc. 2018. The Early Days of Hexadecimal. http://www.quadibloc.com/comp/cp02.htm.
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