Astronomy:Tau Orionis

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Short description: Star in the constellation Orion
τ Orionis
Observation data
Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS)
Constellation Orion
Right ascension  05h 17m 36.38856s[1]
Declination −06° 50′ 39.8702″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 3.58[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type B5 III[3]
U−B color index −0.47[2]
B−V color index −0.11[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+20.1[4] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −17.61[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −9.24[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)6.60 ± 0.15[1] mas
Distance490 ± 10 ly
(152 ± 3 pc)
Details
Mass6.2±0.1[5] M☉
Radius5.4[6] R☉
Luminosity933[7] L☉
Temperature10,829[7] K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)40[8] km/s
Age63.1±15.6[5] Myr
Other designations
τ Ori, 20 Orionis, BD−07° 1028, HD 34503, HIP 24674, HR 1735, SAO 131952.[9]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Tau Orionis (τ Ori, τ Orionis) is a solitary[10] star in the constellation Orion. If an imaginary line is drawn north-west between the stars Rigel and Mintaka, Tau Orionis can be found roughly one-sixth of the way to Mintaka. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 3.58.[2] Based upon an annual parallax shift of 6.6 mas,[1] it is located around 490 light years from the Sun.

This is a B-type giant star with a stellar classification of B5III5 III.[3] It has around 5.4[6] times the radius of the Sun and 6.2[5] times the Sun's mass. The star shines with 933[7] times the solar luminosity from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 10,829[7] K. it is around 63[5] million years old, with a peculiar velocity through space of 16.9 km/s.[5]

Tau Orionis has three visual companions: magnitude 11.0 component B at an angular separation of 33.30″ along a position angle of 251°; magnitude 10.9 component C lying some 3.80″ from component B; and magnitude 10.9 component D at 36.0″ from τ Ori along a position angle of 51°, all as of 2011.[11]

Proper names

According to Richard H. Allen, this star, along with β Eri, λ Eri and ψ Eri were Al Kursiyy al Jauzah, "the Chair (or "Footstool") of the Central One".[12] However, per the catalogue of stars in the Technical Memorandum 33-507 - A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, Al Kursiyy al Jauzah were the title for just three stars: β Eri as Cursa, ψ Eri as Al Kursiyy al Jauzah I and λ Eri as Al Kursiyy al Jauzah II, excluding this star.[13]

In Chinese, 玉井 (Yù Jǐng), meaning Jade Well, refers to an asterism consisting of τ Orionis, β Eridani, λ Eridani and ψ Eridani.[14] Consequently, the Chinese name for τ Orionis itself is 玉井四 (Yù Jǐng sì, English: the Fourth Star of Jade Well.).[15] From this Chinese title, the name Yuh Tsing is derived.[12]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 van Leeuwen, F. (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653–664, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Crawford, D. L. et al. (1971), "Four-color, H-beta, and UBV photometry for bright B-type stars in the northern hemisphere", The Astronomical Journal 76: 1058, doi:10.1086/111220, Bibcode: 1971AJ.....76.1058C. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Abt, H. A. (September 1985), "Visual multiples. VIII - 1000 MK types", Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 59: 95–112, doi:10.1086/191064, Bibcode: 1985ApJS...59...95A. 
  4. ↑ Wilson, R. E. (1953), "General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities", Carnegie Institute Washington D.C. Publication (Carnegie Institute of Washington, D.C.), Bibcode: 1953GCRV..C......0W. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Tetzlaff, N. et al. (2011), "A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 410 (1): 190–200, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x, Bibcode: 2011MNRAS.410..190T. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Pasinetti Fracassini, L. E.; Pastori, L.; Covino, S.; Pozzi, A. (February 2001), "Catalogue of Apparent Diameters and Absolute Radii of Stars (CADARS) - Third edition - Comments and statistics", Astronomy and Astrophysics 367 (2): 521–524, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20000451, Bibcode: 2001A&A...367..521P. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 McDonald, I. et al. (2012), "Fundamental Parameters and Infrared Excesses of Hipparcos Stars", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 427 (1): 343–57, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21873.x, Bibcode: 2012MNRAS.427..343M. 
  8. ↑ Abt, Helmut A. et al. (July 2002), "Rotational Velocities of B Stars", The Astrophysical Journal 573 (1): 359–365, doi:10.1086/340590, Bibcode: 2002ApJ...573..359A. 
  9. ↑ "tau Ori". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=tau+Ori. 
  10. ↑ Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 389 (2): 869–879, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x, Bibcode: 2008MNRAS.389..869E. 
  11. ↑ Mason, B. D. et al. (2014), "The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog", The Astronomical Journal 122 (6): 3466–3471, doi:10.1086/323920, Bibcode: 2001AJ....122.3466M. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Allen, R. H. (1963). Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning (Reprint ed.). New York, NY: Dover Publications Inc. p. 218. ISBN 0-486-21079-0. https://archive.org/details/starnamestheirlo00alle/page/218. Retrieved 2010-12-12. 
  13. ↑ Rhoads, Jack W. (November 15, 1971), Technical Memorandum 33-507-A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720005197_1972005197.pdf, retrieved 2016-11-24. 
  14. ↑ (in Chinese) 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.
  15. ↑ (in Chinese) AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 15 日



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