Biology:3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase

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Short description: Enzyme
3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
4pzd.jpg
(S)-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase homodimer, Cupriavidus necator
Identifiers
EC number1.1.1.35
CAS number9028-40-4
Databases
IntEnzIntEnz view
BRENDABRENDA entry
ExPASyNiceZyme view
KEGGKEGG entry
MetaCycmetabolic pathway
PRIAMprofile
PDB structuresRCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene OntologyAmiGO / QuickGO
Hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase
PDB 3had EBI.jpg
PDB rendering based on 3had.
Identifiers
SymbolHADH
Alt. symbolsHADHSC
NCBI gene3033
HGNC4799
OMIM601609
RefSeqNM_005327
UniProtQ16836
Other data
EC number1.1.1.35
LocusChr. 4 q22-q26

In enzymology, a 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

(S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NAD+ [math]\displaystyle{ \rightleftharpoons }[/math] 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADH + H+

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are 3-oxoacyl-CoA, NADH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, to be specific those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.

Isozymes

In humans, the following genes encode proteins with 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity:

  • HADH – Hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase
  • HSD17B10 – 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type-2
  • EHHADH – Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme
  • HSD17B4 – Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2

Function

3-Hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase is classified as an oxidoreductase. It is involved in fatty acid metabolic processes. Specifically it catalyzes the third step of beta oxidation; the oxidation of L-3-hydroxyacyl CoA by NAD+. The reaction converts the hydroxyl group into a keto group.

FattyAcid-MB-OxidationByNAD.png

The end product is 3-ketoacyl CoA.

Metabolic pathways

This enzyme participates in 8 metabolic pathways:


Nomenclature

The systematic name of this enzyme class is (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA:NAD+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include:

  • 1-specific DPN-linked beta-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase
  • 3-hydroxyacetyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
  • 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase
  • 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase
  • 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase
  • 3-keto reductase
  • 3-L-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
  • 3beta-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase
  • beta-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase
  • beta-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase
  • beta-hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase
  • beta-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A synthetase
  • beta-hydroxyacylcoenzyme A dehydrogenase
  • beta-hydroxybutyrylcoenzyme A dehydrogenase
  • beta-keto-reductase
  • beta-ketoacyl-CoA reductase
  • L-3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase
  • L-3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase


Structural studies

As of 20 January 2010, 22 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1F0Y, 1F12, 1F14, 1F17, 1F67, 1GZ6, 1IKT, 1IL0, 1LSJ, 1LSO, 1M75, 1M76, 1S9C, 1WDK, 1WDL, 1WDM, 1ZBQ, 1ZCJ, 2D3T, 2HDH, 3HAD, and 3HDH.

References