Biology:3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase

Short description: Enzyme

3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
(S)-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase homodimer, Cupriavidus necator
Identifiers
EC number	1.1.1.35
CAS number	9028-40-4
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / QuickGO
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

Hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase
PDB rendering based on 3had.
Identifiers
Symbol	HADH
Alt. symbols	HADHSC
NCBI gene	3033
HGNC	4799
OMIM	601609
RefSeq	NM_005327
UniProt	Q16836
Other data
EC number	1.1.1.35
Locus	Chr. 4 q22-q26

In enzymology, a 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

(S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NAD⁺ [math]\displaystyle{ \rightleftharpoons }[/math] 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADH + H⁺

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA and NAD⁺, whereas its 3 products are 3-oxoacyl-CoA, NADH, and H⁺.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, to be specific those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor.

Isozymes

In humans, the following genes encode proteins with 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity:

• HADH – Hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase
• HSD17B10 – 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type-2
• EHHADH – Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme
• HSD17B4 – Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2

Function

3-Hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase is classified as an oxidoreductase. It is involved in fatty acid metabolic processes. Specifically it catalyzes the third step of beta oxidation; the oxidation of L-3-hydroxyacyl CoA by NAD⁺. The reaction converts the hydroxyl group into a keto group.

The end product is 3-ketoacyl CoA.

Metabolic pathways

This enzyme participates in 8 metabolic pathways:

• fatty acid elongation in mitochondria
• fatty acid metabolism
• valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
• lysine degradation
• tryptophan metabolism
• benzoate degradation via coa ligation
• butanoate metabolism
• caprolactam degradation

Nomenclature

The systematic name of this enzyme class is (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA:NAD⁺ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include:

• 1-specific DPN-linked beta-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase
• 3-hydroxyacetyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
• 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase
• 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase
• 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase
• 3-keto reductase
• 3-L-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
• 3beta-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase
• beta-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase
• beta-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase
• beta-hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase
• beta-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A synthetase
• beta-hydroxyacylcoenzyme A dehydrogenase
• beta-hydroxybutyrylcoenzyme A dehydrogenase
• beta-keto-reductase
• beta-ketoacyl-CoA reductase
• L-3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase
• L-3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase

Structural studies

As of 20 January 2010, 22 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1F0Y, 1F12, 1F14, 1F17, 1F67, 1GZ6, 1IKT, 1IL0, 1LSJ, 1LSO, 1M75, 1M76, 1S9C, 1WDK, 1WDL, 1WDM, 1ZBQ, 1ZCJ, 2D3T, 2HDH, 3HAD, and 3HDH.

References

• "Solubilization and partial characterisation of particulate dehydrogenases from Clostridium kluyveri". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 334: 12–23. 1974. doi:10.1016/0005-2744(74)90146-6. 
• "The enzymic oxidation of alpha- and 2-beta-hydroxybutyrate". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 12 (1–2): 188–202. 1953. doi:10.1016/0006-3002(53)90138-3. PMID 13115428. 
• "Crystalline beta-hydroxybutyryl dehydrogenase from pig heart". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 26 (2): 448–9. November 1957. doi:10.1016/0006-3002(57)90040-9. PMID 13499396. 
• "Studies on the fatty acid oxidizing system of animal tissues. VI. beta-Hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 207 (2): 631–8. April 1954. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)65679-0. PMID 13163047.