Biology:AGPAT3
 Generic protein structure example |
1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AGPAT3 gene.[1] The protein encoded by this gene is an acyltransferase (specifically, 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase) that converts lysophosphatidic acid into phosphatidic acid, which is the second step in the de novo phospholipid biosynthetic pathway. The encoded protein may be an integral membrane protein. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.[1]
Model organisms
| Characteristic | Phenotype |
|---|---|
| Homozygote viability | Abnormal |
| Recessive lethal study | Normal |
| Fertility | Normal |
| Body weight | Normal |
| Anxiety | Normal |
| Neurological assessment | Normal |
| Grip strength | Normal |
| Hot plate | Normal |
| Dysmorphology | Normal |
| Indirect calorimetry | Normal |
| Glucose tolerance test | Normal |
| Auditory brainstem response | Normal |
| DEXA | Normal |
| Radiography | Normal |
| Body temperature | Normal |
| Eye morphology | Normal |
| Clinical chemistry | Normal |
| Plasma immunoglobulins | Normal |
| Haematology | Normal |
| Micronucleus test | Normal |
| Heart weight | Normal |
| Skin Histopathology | Normal |
| Brain histopathology | Normal |
| Salmonella infection | Normal[2] |
| Citrobacter infection | Normal[3] |
| All tests and analysis from[4][5] |
Model organisms have been used in the study of AGPAT3 function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Agpat3tm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi[6][7] was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.[8][9][10]
Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.[4][11] Twenty five tests were carried out on mutant mice and one significant abnormality was observed.[4] Few homozygous mutant animals survived until weaning. The remaining tests were carried out on heterozygous mutant adult mice; no additional significant abnormalities were observed in these.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Entrez Gene: AGPAT3 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 3". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=56894.
- ↑ "Salmonella infection data for Agpat3". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MBGV/salmonella-challenge/.
- ↑ "Citrobacter infection data for Agpat3". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MBGV/citrobacter-challenge/.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x.
- ↑ Mouse Resources Portal, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- ↑ "International Knockout Mouse Consortium". http://www.knockoutmouse.org/martsearch/search?query=Agpat3.
- ↑ "Mouse Genome Informatics". http://www.informatics.jax.org/searchtool/Search.do?query=MGI:4432492.
- ↑ Skarnes, W. C.; Rosen, B.; West, A. P.; Koutsourakis, M.; Bushell, W.; Iyer, V.; Mujica, A. O.; Thomas, M. et al. (2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature 474 (7351): 337–342. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMID 21677750.
- ↑ Dolgin E (2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
- ↑ "A Mouse for All Reasons". Cell 128 (1): 9–13. 2007. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247.
- ↑ "The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism.". Genome Biol 12 (6): 224. 2011. doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224. PMID 21722353.
External links
- Human AGPAT3 genome location and AGPAT3 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Further reading
- Leung DW (2001). "The structure and functions of human lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases". Front. Biosci. 6: D944–53. doi:10.2741/Leung. PMID 11487472.
- "Expressed sequence tag analysis of adult human iris for the NEIBank Project: steroid-response factors and similarities with retinal pigment epithelium". Mol. Vis. 8: 185–95. 2002. PMID 12107412.
- "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M.
- "The Secreted Protein Discovery Initiative (SPDI), a Large-Scale Effort to Identify Novel Human Secreted and Transmembrane Proteins: A Bioinformatics Assessment". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265–70. 2003. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMID 12975309.
- "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. 2004. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- "Cloning and characterization of murine 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferases and their regulation by PPARα in murine heart". Biochem. J. 385 (Pt 2): 469–77. 2005. doi:10.1042/BJ20041348. PMID 15367102.
- "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.
- "Functional characterization of human 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase isoform 8: cloning, tissue distribution, gene structure, and enzymatic activity". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 449 (1–2): 64–76. 2006. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2006.03.014. PMID 16620771.
- "Cell array-based intracellular localization screening reveals novel functional features of human chromosome 21 proteins". BMC Genomics 7: 155. 2006. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-7-155. PMID 16780588.
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