Biology:Retaria

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Retaria is a clade within the supergroup Rhizaria containing the Foraminifera and the Radiolaria.[1] In 2019, the Retaria were recognized as a basal Rhizaria group, as sister of the Cercozoa.[2]

SAR
Rhizaria
 

Cercozoa 50px

 
Retaria
 
 

Foraminifera 50px

 
 

Polycystinea 50px

 
 
 

Acantharea 50px

 
 
 
Halvaria
 

Stramenopiles 50px

 
 

Alveolata 90px

 
 
 

Taxonomy

In 2018, Cavalier-Smith called this group Ectoreta and grouped it with Endomyxa and called this new grouping Retaria instead. Cavalier-Smith et al., 2018 proposed to exclude Sticholonchea from Radiozoa and proposed this scheme instead:[3]

  • Phylum Retaria
    • Subphylum Endomyxa
      • Superclass Marimyxia
      • Superclass Proteomyxia
    • Subphylum Ectoreta
      • Infraphylum Foraminifera
      • Infraphylum Radiozoa
      • Infraphylum Sticholonchia

Exclusion of Endomyxa from Cercozoa was challenged in 2019.[2] Retaria is generally divided into two phyla Foraminifera and Radiolaria.[4][5]

References

  1. ↑ "Global eukaryote phylogeny: Combined small- and large-subunit ribosomal DNA trees support monophyly of Rhizaria, Retaria and Excavata". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 44 (1): 255–66. July 2007. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.11.001. PMID 17174576. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Irwin, Nicholas A.T.; Tikhonenkov, Denis V.; Hehenberger, Elisabeth; Mylnikov, Alexander P.; Burki, Fabien; Keeling, Patrick J. (2019-01-01). "Phylogenomics supports the monophyly of the Cercozoa". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 130: 416–423. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.09.004. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 30318266. 
  3. ↑ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Chao, Ema E.; Lewis, Rhodri (2018-09-01). "Multigene phylogeny and cell evolution of chromist infrakingdom Rhizaria: contrasting cell organisation of sister phyla Cercozoa and Retaria" (in en). Protoplasma 255 (5): 1517–1574. doi:10.1007/s00709-018-1241-1. ISSN 1615-6102. PMID 29666938. PMC 6133090. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-018-1241-1. 
  4. ↑ Dera, Guillaume; Nardin, Elise; Risser, Laurent; Albino, Marius; Garnier, Quentin; Kardacz, Marion; Monge-Waleryszak, Léa (2026-01-07). "Mapping life's disparity and evolutionary constraints in a geometric complexity space". Science Advances 12 (2). doi:10.1126/sciadv.aea6945. PMID 41499503. PMC 12778060. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aea6945. 
  5. ↑ Adl, Sina M.; Bass, David; Lane, Christopher E.; Lukeš, Julius; Schoch, Conrad L.; Smirnov, Alexey; Agatha, Sabine; Berney, Cedric et al. (2019). "Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes" (in en). Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 66 (1): 4–119. doi:10.1111/jeu.12691. ISSN 1550-7408. PMID 30257078. PMC 6492006. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jeu.12691. 

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