Biology:Thermococci
Thermococci is a class of microbes within the Euryarchaeota.[1]
They live in extremely hot environments, such as hydrothermal vents,[2] and their optimal growth temperatures tend to be around 75 to 85 °C.[3] Thermococcus and Pyrococcus (literally "balls of fire") are both obligately anaerobic chemoorganotrophs.
Thermococcus prefers 70–95 °C and Pyrococcus 70-100 °C. Palaeococcus helgesonii, recently discovered in the Tyrrhenian Sea, is an aerobic chemoheterotrophic that grows at temperatures of 45–85 °C with an optimal temperature of 80 °C. Thermococcus gammatolerans sp. nov. was recently discovered in the Guaymas Basin, and it grows at temperatures from 55 to 95 °C with an optimal temperature around 88 °C with an optimal pH of 6. It has pronounced radioresistance and can survive gamma radiation at 30 kGy.[4]
Thermococcus grows on organic substrates where there is a higher capacity of elemental sulfur. This archaeon mostly grows between temperatures 60–100 degrees Celsius. The average temperature where they thrive is around 85 degrees Celsius.
The DNA structure has a circular genome with around 2,353 coding sequence, and 2,306 are identified.
Taxonomy
This class encompasses the hyperthermophilic[5][6] members of Methanobacteriota that have a sulfur-based anaerobic respiration.[6] There is only one widely recognized order within Thermococci, Thermococcales.[7] Another proposed but not yet widely accepted order is Candidatus Methanofastidiosales.[8] Thermococcales encompasses the family Thermococcaceae, which is composed of three genus: Palaeococcus, Pyrococcus and Thermococcus.[7] Palaeococcus encompasses 3 species, while Pyrococcus and Thermococcus encompass 24 and 179 species, respectively.[9]
Philogeny
See also
References
- ↑ See the NCBI webpage on Thermococci. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information. https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/.
- ↑ Price, Mark Thomas; Fullerton, Heather; Moyer, Craig Lee (2015-09-24). "Biogeography and evolution of Thermococcus isolates from hydrothermal vent systems of the Pacific" (in English). Frontiers in Microbiology 6. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00968. ISSN 1664-302X.
- ↑ Lamosa, Pedro; Martins, Lígia O.; Da Costa, Milton S.; Santos, Helena (October 1998). "Effects of Temperature, Salinity, and Medium Composition on Compatible Solute Accumulation byThermococcus spp". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64 (10): 3591–3598. doi:10.1128/AEM.64.10.3591-3598.1998. PMID 9758772. Bibcode: 1998ApEnM..64.3591L.
- ↑ "Airspade". https://arboraeration.com/airspade/.
- ↑ Cavalier-Smith, T (2002-01-01). "The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification." (in en). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 52 (1): 7–76. doi:10.1099/00207713-52-1-7. ISSN 1466-5026. PMID 11837318. https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-52-1-7.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Gao, Beile; Gupta, Radhey S. (2007-03-29). "Phylogenomic analysis of proteins that are distinctive of Archaea and its main subgroups and the origin of methanogenesis". BMC Genomics 8: 86. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-8-86. ISSN 1471-2164. PMID 17394648.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Explore the Taxonomic Tree | FWS.gov" (in en). https://www.fws.gov/taxonomic-tree/423176.
- ↑ "Order: Methanofastidiosales" (in en). https://lpsn.dsmz.de/order/methanofastidiosales?.
- ↑ "Taxonomy Browser" (in en). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/datasets/taxonomy/tree/?taxon=183968,2258,2259,2263,2260,53953,1008460.
Further reading
- Marguet, Evelyne; Gaudin, Marie; Gauliard, Emilie; Fourquaux, Isabelle; le Blond du Plouy, Stephane; Matsui, Ikuo; Forterre, Patrick (2013). "Membrane vesicles, nanopods and/or nanotubes produced by hyperthermophilic archaea of the genus Thermococcus". Biochemical Society Transactions 41 (1): 436–442. doi:10.1042/BST20120293. PMID 23356325.
- Woese, CR; Kandler O; Wheelis ML (1990). "Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87 (12): 4576–4579. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576. PMID 2112744. Bibcode: 1990PNAS...87.4576W.
- Zillig W; Reysenbach AL (2001). "Class IV (sic) [V. Thermococci class. nov."]. in DR Boone. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria (2nd ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. pp. 169. ISBN 978-0-387-98771-2. https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169.
- Garrity GM; Holt JG (2001). "Phylum AII. Euryarchaeota phy. nov.". in DR Boone. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria (2nd ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. pp. 169. ISBN 978-0-387-98771-2. https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169.
Wikidata ☰ Q1135978 entry
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