Chemistry:Mancozeb
Mancozeb is a dithiocarbamate non-systemic agricultural fungicide with multi-site, protective action on contact. It is a combination of two other dithiocarbamates: maneb and zineb.[1] The mixture controls many fungal diseases in a wide range of field crops, fruits, nuts, vegetables, and ornamentals. It is marketed as Penncozeb, Trimanoc, Vondozeb, Dithane, Manzeb, Nemispot, and Manzane. In Canada, a mixture of zoxamide and mancozeb was registered for control of the mildew named Gavel as early as 2008.[2]
Mechanism
Mancozeb reacts with, and inactivates, the sulfhydryl groups of amino acids and enzymes within fungal cells, resulting in disruption of lipid metabolism, respiration, and production of adenosine triphosphate.[3]
Mancozeb is listed under FRAC code M:03 The "M:" refers to Chemicals with Multi-Site Activity. "M:" FRAC groups are defined as generally considered as a low risk group without any signs of resistance developing to the fungicides.[4]
Toxicology
A major toxicological concern is ethylenethiourea (ETU), an industrial contaminant and a breakdown product of mancozeb and other EBDC pesticides. It has potential to cause goiter, a condition in which the thyroid gland is enlarged and has produced birth defects and cancer in experimental animals. ETU has been classified as a probable human carcinogen by the EPA.[5] Mancozeb has been shown to have significant negative effects on beneficial root fungi - totally preventing spore germination at levels far below recommended dosage levels.[6]
See also
- Fungicide use in the United States
- Maneb
References
- ↑ "Mancozeb". Cornell University. 1993. http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/profiles/extoxnet/haloxyfop-methylparathion/mancozeb-ext.html#9. Retrieved 2014-07-20. "It is a combination of two other chemicals of this class, maneb and zineb"
- ↑ "Gowan buys Dow's Gavel potato fungicide". grainews.ca. July 18, 2008. https://www.grainews.ca/daily/gowan-buys-dows-gavel-potato-fungicide.
- ↑ Tomlin C.D.S (2003). The Pesticide Manual - A world compendium (Thirteenth ed.). British Crop Protection Council.
- ↑ "FRAC Code List ©*2017". Fungicide Resistance Action Committee. http://www.frac.info/docs/default-source/publications/frac-code-list/frac-code-list-2017-final.pdf?sfvrsn=fab94a9a_2. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
- ↑ http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/profiles/extoxnet/haloxyfop-methylparathion/mancozeb-ext.html
- ↑ https://www.beyondpesticides.org/assets/media/documents/Mycorrhizal_fungi_in_ecotoxicological_studies_Soil.pdf [bare URL PDF]
External links
- Mancozeb in the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB)
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