Chemistry:Para-Iodoamphetamine

*para*-Iodoamphetamine
Clinical data
Drug class	Serotonin releasing agent; Serotonergic neurotoxin
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 1-(4-iodophenyl)propan-2-amine;
CAS Number	21894-72-4 ;
PubChem CID	123870;
ChemSpider	110407;
UNII	C4UL3HTE7T;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C9H12IN
Molar mass	261.106 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES CC(CC1=CC=C(C=C1)I)N;
	InChI InChI=1S/C9H12IN/c1-7(11)6-8-2-4-9(10)5-3-8/h2-5,7H,6,11H2,1H3; Key:VZPKOWYCGWOYRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	(verify)

Short description: Chemical compound

para-Iodoamphetamine (PIA), also known as 4-iodoamphetamine (4-IA), is a monoamine releasing agent (MRA) and serotonergic neurotoxin of the amphetamine family related to para-chloroamphetamine (PCA).^[1]

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

PIA acts as a serotonin releasing agent (SRA).^[2] In animal drug discrimination tests, PIA fully substitutes for MDMA and (+)-MBDB.^[1]

It also has very low affinity for certain serotonin receptors, including the serotonin 5-HT₁ receptor (K_i = 7,660 nM) and the serotonin 5-HT₂ receptor (K_i = 43,000 nM).^[3]

PIA has been described as having either similar serotonergic neurotoxicity as PCA^[1] or as having much weaker serotonergic neurotoxicity than PCA.^[2]^[4]

Chemistry

PIA, also known as 4-iodoamphetamine, is a phenethylamine and amphetamine derivative and a para-halogenated amphetamine.

Analogues

PIA is closely related to other para-halogenated amphetamines such as PCA, para-bromoamphetamine (PBA), and para-fluoroamphetamine (PFA).

Iofetamine, also known as N-isopropyl-(¹²³I)-para-iodoamphetamine, is a derivative of PIA used as a radiopharmaceutical and diagnostic agent.^[5]

5-Iodo-2-aminoindane (5-IAI), the 2-aminoindane analogue of PIA, was an attempt to make a non-neurotoxic analogue of PIA that proved to be less neurotoxic.^[1]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 "Novel serotonergic agents". Drug des Discov 9 (3–4): 299–312. 1993. PMID 8400010. https://bitnest.netfirms.com/external/DrugDes.Disc/9.299.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 "Psychostimulant-like effects of p-fluoroamphetamine in the rat". European Journal of Pharmacology 287 (2): 105–113. December 1995. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(95)00478-5. PMID 8749023.
↑ "Central serotonin receptors as targets for drug research". J Med Chem 30 (1): 1–12. January 1987. doi:10.1021/jm00384a001. PMID 3543362. "Table II. Affinities of Selected Phenalkylamines for 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 Binding Sites".
↑ "5-Iodo-2-aminoindan, a nonneurotoxic analogue of p-iodoamphetamine". Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 38 (1): 135–139. January 1991. doi:10.1016/0091-3057(91)90601-W. PMID 1826785.
↑ "Iofetamine hydrochloride I 123: a new radiopharmaceutical for cerebral perfusion imaging". DICP 23 (1): 19–24. January 1989. doi:10.1177/106002808902300103. PMID 2655294.

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Para-Iodoamphetamine. Read more

[NicholsMarona-LewickaHuang1993-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 "Novel serotonergic agents". Drug des Discov 9 (3–4): 299–312. 1993. PMID 8400010. https://bitnest.netfirms.com/external/DrugDes.Disc/9.299.

[Marona-LewickaRheeSprague1995-2] 2.0 ^2.1 "Psychostimulant-like effects of p-fluoroamphetamine in the rat". European Journal of Pharmacology 287 (2): 105–113. December 1995. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(95)00478-5. PMID 8749023.

[Glennon1987-3] "Central serotonin receptors as targets for drug research". J Med Chem 30 (1): 1–12. January 1987. doi:10.1021/jm00384a001. PMID 3543362. "Table II. Affinities of Selected Phenalkylamines for 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 Binding Sites".

[NicholsJohnsonOberlender1991-4] "5-Iodo-2-aminoindan, a nonneurotoxic analogue of p-iodoamphetamine". Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 38 (1): 135–139. January 1991. doi:10.1016/0091-3057(91)90601-W. PMID 1826785.

[DruckenbrodWilliamsGelfand1989-5] "Iofetamine hydrochloride I 123: a new radiopharmaceutical for cerebral perfusion imaging". DICP 23 (1): 19–24. January 1989. doi:10.1177/106002808902300103. PMID 2655294.

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v t e Monoamine neurotoxins
Adrenergic	DSP-4 Oxidopamine (6-OHDA)
Dopaminergic	Fenpropathrin Methamphetamine MPP⁺ MPTP Norsalsolinol Oxidopamine (6-OHDA) Rotenone
Serotonergic	3-CA 4-CAB 5,7-DHT α-Me-DA (3,4-DHA) αET αMT DCA MDA (tenamfetamine) MDMA (midomafetamine) PBA PCA PIA
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Adrenergics • Dopaminergics • Melatonergics • Serotonergics • Monoamine reuptake inhibitors • Monoamine releasing agents • Monoamine metabolism modulators

v t e Phenethylamines
Phenethylamines	Psychedelics: 25B-NBOMe 25C-NBOMe 25D-NBOMe 25I-NBOMe 25N-NBOMe 2C-B 2C-B-AN 2C-Bn 2C-Bu 2C-C 2C-CN 2C-CP 2C-D 2C-E 2C-EF 2C-F 2C-G 2C-G-1 2C-G-2 2C-G-3 2C-G-4 2C-G-5 2C-G-6 2C-G-N 2C-H 2C-I 2C-iP 2C-N 2C-NH2 2C-O 2C-O-4 2C-P 2C-Ph 2C-SE 2C-T 2C-T-2 2C-T-3 2C-T-4 2C-T-5 2C-T-6 2C-T-7 2C-T-8 2C-T-9 2C-T-10 2C-T-11 2C-T-12 2C-T-13 2C-T-14 2C-T-15 2C-T-16 2C-T-17 2C-T-18 2C-T-19 2C-T-20 2C-T-21 2C-T-22 2C-T-22.5 2C-T-23 2C-T-24 2C-T-25 2C-T-27 2C-T-28 2C-T-30 2C-T-31 2C-T-32 2C-T-33 2C-TFE 2C-TFM 2C-YN 2C-V Allylescaline DESOXY Escaline Isoproscaline Jimscaline Macromerine MEPEA Mescaline Metaescaline Methallylescaline Proscaline Psi-2C-T-4 TCB-2 Stimulants: Phenylethanolamine Hordenine Phenethylamine α-Methylphenethylamine (amphetamine) β-Methylphenethylamine m-Methylphenethylamine N-Methylphenethylamine o-Methylphenethylamine p-Methylphenethylamine Methylphenidate Entactogens: Lophophine MDPEA MDMPEA Others: BOH DMPEA
Amphetamines	Psychedelics: 3C-BZ 3C-E 3C-P Aleph Beatrice Bromo-DragonFLY D-Deprenyl DMA DMCPA DMMDA DOB DOC DOEF DOET DOI DOM DON DOPR DOTFM Ganesha MMDA MMDA-2 Psi-DOM TMA TeMA Stimulants: 2-FA 2-FMA 3-FA 3-FMA Acridorex Alfetamine Amfecloral Amfepentorex Amphetamine (Dextroamphetamine, Levoamphetamine) Amphetaminil Benfluorex Benzphetamine Cathine Clobenzorex Dimethylamphetamine Ephedrine Etilamfetamine Fencamfamin Fencamine Fenethylline Fenfluramine (Dexfenfluramine, Levofenfluramine) Fenproporex Flucetorex Fludorex Formetorex Furfenorex Gepefrine 4-Hydroxyamphetamine Iofetamine Isopropylamphetamine Lefetamine Lisdexamfetamine Mefenorex Metaraminol Methamphetamine (Dextromethamphetamine, Levomethamphetamine) Methoxyphenamine MMA Morforex Norfenfluramine L -Norpseudoephedrine N,alpha-Diethylphenylethylamine Oxifentorex Oxilofrine Ortetamine PBA PCA Phenpromethamine PFA PFMA PIA PMA PMEA PMMA Phenylpropanolamine Pholedrine Prenylamine Propylamphetamine Pseudoephedrine Sibutramine Tiflorex Tranylcypromine Xylopropamine Zylofuramine Entactogens: 4-FA 4-FMA 4-MA 4-MMA 4-MTA 5-APB 5-APDB 5-EAPB 5-IT 5-MAPB 5-MAPDB 6-APB 6-APDB 6-Chloro-MDMA 6-EAPB 6-IT 6-MAPB 6-MAPDB EDA IAP 2,3-MDA 3,4-MDA (tenamfetamine) MDEA MDHMA MDMA (midomafetamine) MDOH Methamnetamine MMDMA Naphthylaminopropane TAP Others: 3,4-DCA Amiflamine DiFMDA Selegiline (also D -Deprenyl)
Phentermines	Stimulants: Chlorphentermine Cloforex Clortermine Etolorex Mephentermine Pentorex Phentermine Entactogens: MDPH MDMPH Others: Cericlamine
Cathinones	Stimulants: 3-FMC 4-MC 4-BMC 4-CMC 4-EMC 4-FMC 4-MEC 4-MeMABP 4-MPD Amfepramone Benzedrone Brephedrone Buphedrone Bupropion Cathinone Dimethylcathinone Ethcathinone Eutylone Hydroxybupropion Methcathinone Methedrone NEB N-Ethylhexedrone N-Ethylpentedrone Pentedrone Pentylone Radafaxine Entactogens: 3,4-DMMC 3-MMC Butylone Ethylone Methylone Methylenedioxycathinone Mephedrone
Phenylisobutylamines	Entactogens: 4-CAB 4-MAB Ariadne BDB Butylone EBDB Eutylone MBDB Stimulants: Phenylisobutylamine
Phenylalkylpyrrolidines	Stimulants: α-PBP α-PHP α-PPP α-PVP MDPBP MDPPP MDPV 4-MePBP 4-MePHP 4-MePPP MOPPP MOPVP MPBP MPHP MPPP Naphyrone PEP Prolintane Pyrovalerone
Catecholamines (and close relatives)	6-FNE 6-OHDA a-Me-DA a-Me-TRA Adrenochrome Ciladopa D -DOPA (Dextrodopa) Dimetofrine Dopamine Epinephrine Epinine Etilefrine Ethylnorepinephrine Fenclonine Ibopamine Isoprenaline Isoetarine L -DOPA (Levodopa) L -DOPS (Droxidopa) L -Phenylalanine L -Tyrosine m-Tyramine Metanephrine Metaraminol Metaterol Metirosine Methyldopa N,N-Dimethyldopamine Nordefrin (Levonordefrin) Norepinephrine Norfenefrine (m-Octopamine) Normetanephrine Orciprenaline p-Octopamine p-Tyramine Phenylephrine Synephrine
Miscellaneous	AL-LAD Amidephrine Arbutamine Cafedrine Denopamine Desvenlafaxine Diphenidine Dizocilpine Dobutamine Dopexamine Ephenidine Etafedrine ETH-LAD Famprofazone Fluorolintane Hexapradol IP-LAD Lysergic acid amide Lysergic acid 2-butyl amide Lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide Lysergic acid diethylamide Methoxamine Methoxphenidine MT-45 PARGY-LAD Phenibut PRO-LAD Pronethalol Salbutamol (Levosalbutamol) Solriamfetol Theodrenaline Thiamphenicol UWA-101

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