Chemistry:Maneb
Maneb (manganese ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate) is a fungicide and a polymeric complex of manganese with the ethylene bis (dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand.[1]
Health effects
Exposure to maneb can occur when breathed in; it can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat as well as cause headache, fatigue, nervousness, dizziness, seizures and even unconsciousness. Prolonged or long-term exposure may interfere with the function of the thyroid. Exposure to maneb is also shown to induce a Parkinson's disease like neurotoxicity in mice.[2] It is still challenged whether maneb, along with Paraquat, is an environmental risk factor for Parkinson's disease.[3][4] In 2022 a review from India stated that "From the studies we can consider that PQ and MB with its combined effects has tremendous contribution towards neurodegeneration in PD."[5]
Production
Manganese(II) ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) of low ethylenethiourea (ETU) content is prepared by mixing disodium ethylenebis (dithiocarbamate) with formaldehyde in aqueous medium then mixing a water-soluble manganese(II) salt to precipitate the maneb. The product can be further formulated with a metal salt and also with paraformaldehyde. (See External links for the patent citation)
Applications
Maneb, is a broad spectrum fungicide that is extensively applied against a wide range of fungal pathogens affecting ornamental plants, food and feed crops. It can also be used to create a toxin-based animal model of Parkinson's disease, usually in primates.[6][7]
Environmental effects
Regulation
Maneb was included in a pesticide ban proposed by the Swedish Chemicals Agency[8] and approved by the European Parliament on January 13, 2009.[9]
See also
- Metam sodium - A related dithiocarbamate salt which is also used as a fungicide.
- Zineb - ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate) with zinc instead of manganese.
- Mancozeb - A common fungicide containing Zineb and Maneb.
References
- ↑ "Manganese compounds.". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. June 2000. doi:10.1002/14356007.a16_123. ISBN 978-3-527-30385-4.
- ↑ Liu, Chaoyang; Liu, Zehua; Fang, Yanyan; Du, Zhen; Yan, Zhi; Yuan, Xin; Dai, Lijun; Yu, Ting et al. (2022-12-01). "Exposure to the environmentally toxic pesticide maneb induces Parkinson's disease-like neurotoxicity in mice: A combined proteomic and metabolomic analysis". Chemosphere 308 (Pt 2). doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136344. ISSN 0045-6535. PMID 36087732. Bibcode: 2022Chmsp.30836344L. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0045653522028375#:~:text=The%20predominant%20degradation%20product%20of,et%20al.,%202018)..
- ↑ "MANEB". Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet. New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services. https://nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb/documents/fs/1154.pdf.
- ↑ "Parkinson's disease and residential exposure to maneb and paraquat from agricultural applications in the central valley of California". American Journal of Epidemiology 169 (8): 919–926. April 2009. doi:10.1093/aje/kwp006. PMID 19270050.
- ↑ "Neurotoxicity of pesticides - A link to neurodegeneration". Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 243. September 2022. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113972. PMID 36029574. Bibcode: 2022EcoES.24313972V.
- ↑ "Simultaneous determination of maneb and its main metabolites in tomatoes by liquid chromatography using diode array ultraviolet absorbance detection". Journal of Chromatography A 1043 (2): 225–229. July 2004. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2004.05.059. PMID 15330096.
- ↑ "Environmental toxins and Parkinson's disease: what have we learned from pesticide-induced animal models?". Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 30 (9): 475–483. September 2009. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2009.06.005. PMID 19729209.
- ↑ "Interpretation of criteria for approval of active substances in the proposed EU plant protection regulation". Swedish Chemicals Agency (KemI). 2008-09-23. http://www.kemi.se/templates/News____5415.aspx.
- ↑ "MEPs approve pesticides legislation". 2009-01-13. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/expert/infopress_page/066-45937-012-01-03-911-20090112IPR45936-12-01-2009-2009-false/default_en.htm.
External links
- Maneb in the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB)
- , John B"Stabilized maneb and preparation thereof" US patent 4217293A, published 1980-08-12, issued 1980-08-12and EIDP Inc
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