Mali (GPU)
ARM Cortex A57 A53 big.LITTLE SoC with a Mali-T624 GPU | |
Release date | 2005 |
---|---|
Architecture |
|
Models | See Variants |
Cores | 1-32 cores |
Fabrication process | 40-4 nm |
API support | |
OpenCL | 1.1-2.0 |
Vulkan | 1.0-1.3 |
The Mali series of graphics processing units (GPUs) and multimedia processors are semiconductor intellectual property cores produced by Arm Holdings for licensing in various ASIC designs by Arm partners.
Mali GPUs were developed by Falanx Microsystems A/S, which was a spin-off of a research project from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.[1] Arm Holdings acquired Falanx Microsystems A/S on June 23, 2006 and renamed the company to Arm Norway.[2]
Originally named Malaik, the team streamlined the name to Mali, Serbo-Croatian for "small", which was thought to be fitting for a mobile GPU.[3]
Technical details
Like other embedded IP cores for 3D rendering acceleration, the Mali GPU does not include display controllers driving monitors, in contrast to common desktop video cards. Instead, the Mali ARM core is a pure 3D engine that renders graphics into memory and passes the rendered image over to another core to handle display.
ARM does, however, license display controller SIP cores independently of the Mali 3D accelerator SIP block, e.g. Mali DP500, DP550 and DP650.[4]
ARM also supplies tools to help in authoring OpenGL ES shaders named Mali GPU Shader Development Studio and Mali GPU User Interface Engine.
Display controllers such as the ARM HDLCD display controller are available separately.[5]
Variants
The Mali core grew out of the cores previously produced by Falanx and currently constitute:
Model | Micro- archi- tecture |
Type | Launch date | Shader core count | Fab (nm) | Die size (mm2) | Core clock rate (MHz) | L2 cache size | Fillrate | GFLOPS (per core) |
API (version) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M△/s | GT/s | (GP/s) | Vulkan | OpenGL ES | OpenCL | ||||||||||
Mali-55/110 | ? | Fixed function pipeline[6] | 2005 | 1 | ? | ? | ? | N/A | 2.8 | 0.1 | ? | N/A | 1.1 | N/A | |
Mali-200 | Utgard[7] | Programmable pipeline[6] | 2007[8] | 1 | ? | ? | ? | N/A | 5 | 0.2 | ? | 2.0 | |||
Mali-300 | 2010[9] | 1 | 40 28 |
? | 500 | 8 KiB | 55 | 0.5 | 5 | ||||||
Mali-400 MP | 2008 | 1–4 | 40 28 |
? | 200–600 | 8–256 KiB | 55 | 0.5 | 1.2–5.4 | ||||||
Mali-450 MP | 2012 | 1–8 | 40 28 |
? | 300–750 | 8–512 KiB | 142 | 2.6 | 4.5–11.9 | ||||||
Mali-470 MP | 2015 | 1–4 | 40 28 |
? | 250–650 | 8–256 KiB | 71 | 0.65 | 8–20.8 | ||||||
Mali-T604[10] | Midgard 1st gen | Unified shader model + | Nov 2010[11] | 1–4 | 32 28 |
? | 533 | 32–256 KiB | 90 | 0.533 | 17 | 3.1 | Full Profile 1.1 | ||
Mali-T658[10] | Nov 2011[12] | 1–8 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ||||||||
Mali-T622 | Midgard 2nd gen | Jun 2013[13] | 1–2 | 32 28 |
? | 533 | ? | ? | 8.5 | ||||||
Mali-T624 | Aug 2012 | 1–4 | 32 28 |
? | 533–600 | ? | ? | 17–19.2 | |||||||
Mali-T628 | Aug 2012 | 1–8 | 32 28 |
? | 533–695 | ? | ? | 17–23.7 | |||||||
Mali-T678[14] | Aug 2012 | 1–8 | 28 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ||||||||
Mali-T720 | Midgard 3rd gen | Oct 2013 | 1–8 | 28 | ? | 400–700 | 32–256 KiB[15] | 650 (MP8@650 MHz) | 5.2 (MP8@650 MHz) | 6.8–11.9 | |||||
Mali-T760 | Oct 2013 | 1–16 | 28 / 14 | 1.75 mm 2 per shader core at 14 nm[16] | 600–772 | 256–2048 KiB[17] | 1300 | 0.6–12.6
GTexel/s (bilinear)[18] |
10.4 | 17–26.2 | 1.0[19] | 3.2[20] | Full Profile 1.2 | ||
Mali-T820 | Midgard 4th gen | Q4 2015 | 1–4 | 28 | ? | 600 | 32–256 KiB[17] | 400 | ? | 2.6 | 10.2 | ||||
Mali-T830 | 28 | ? | 600–950 | 32–256 KiB[17] | 400 | ? | 2.6 | 20.4–32.3 | |||||||
Mali-T860 | 1–16 | 28 | ? | 350–700 | 256–2048 KiB[17] | 1300 | ? | 10.4 | 11.9–23.8 | ||||||
Mali-T880 | Q2 2016 | 1–16 | 16 | ? | 650–1000 | 256–2048 KiB[17] | 1700 | ? | 13.6 | 22.1–34 | |||||
Mali-G31 | Bifrost 1st gen | Unified shader model + Unified memory +
scalar, clause-based ISA |
Q1 2018 | 1–6 (1 EU per core)[21] | 28
12 |
? | 650 | 32kB–512kB | ? | 1.3 | 10.4 | 1.3[22] | Full Profile 2.0 | ||
Mali-G51[23] | Q4 2016 | 1–6 (1 uni to 3 dual)[24] | 28 16 14 12 10 |
? | 1000 | ? | 3.9 | ||||||||
Mali-G71 | Q2 2016 | 1–32 | 16 14 10 |
? | 546–1037 | 128–2048 KiB | 1850 | 0.7–24.7
GTexel/s (bilinear)[25] |
27.2 | 18.56–28.9[26] | |||||
Mali-G52 | Bifrost 2nd gen | Q1 2018 | 1–4 (2 or 3 EU per core) | 16 8 7 |
? | 850 | ? | 6.8 | 27.2 @ 850 MHz per core (2 EU)
40.8 @ 850 MHz per core (3 EU) | ||||||
Mali-G72 | Q2 2017 | 1–32 | 16 12 10 |
1.36 mm 2 per shader core at 10 nm[27] | 572–1050 | 128–2048 KiB | 27.2 | 20.55-37.72 | |||||||
Mali-G76 | Bifrost 3rd gen | Q2 2018 | 4–20 | 12 8 7 |
? | 600–800 | 512–4096 KiB | ? | ? | 43.2–57.6 | |||||
Mali-G57 | Valhall 1st gen | Superscalar engine + Unified memory +
simplified scalar ISA |
Q2 2019 | 1–6 | 7 | ? | 950[28] | 64–512 KiB | ? | ? | ? | 121.6 | |||
Mali-G77 | 7–16 | 7 6 |
? | 695–850 | 512–2048 KiB | ? | ? | ? | 88.92–108.76 | ||||||
Mali-G68 | Valhall 2nd gen | Q2 2020 | 4–6 | 6 | |||||||||||
Mali-G78 | 7–24 | 5 | 759 | 97.15 | |||||||||||
Mali-G310 | Valhall 3rd gen | Q2 2021 | 1 | 4 | 256–1024 KiB | ||||||||||
Mali-G510 | 2–6 | 4 | |||||||||||||
Mali-G610 | 1–6 | 4 | 512–2048 KiB | ||||||||||||
Mali-G710 | 7–16 | 4 | 650-850 | 2648 | 92 | 73.3 @ 650 MHz per core
164.8 @ 850 MHz per core | |||||||||
Mali-G615 | Valhall 4th gen | Q2 2022 | 1–6 | 512–4096 KiB | |||||||||||
Mali-G715 | 7–9 | ||||||||||||||
Immortalis-G715 | 10–16 | ||||||||||||||
Model | Micro- archi- tecture |
Type | Launch date | Shader core count | Fab
(nm) |
Die size (mm2) | Core clock rate (MHz) | Max L2 cache size | Fillrate (Max core count) | FP32 GFLOPS (per core) |
Vulkan | Open GL/ES |
Open CL |
Some microarchitectures (or just some chips?) support cache coherency for the L2 cache with the CPU.[29][30]
Adaptive Scalable Texture Compression (ASTC) is supported by Mali-T620, T720/T760, T820/T830/T860/T880[31] and Mali-G series.
Implementations
The Mali GPU variants can be found in the following systems on chips (SoCs):
Vendor | SoC name | Mali version |
---|---|---|
Allwinner | Allwinner A1X (A10, A10s, A13) | Mali-400 MP[32][33][34] @ 300 MHz |
A20, A23, A33, A64,[35] H2, H3, H64, R8, R16, R40, R18 | Mali-400 MP2[36] @ 350/350/350/600/600/?/?/?/?/?/? MHz | |
H5 | Mali-450 MP4 | |
H6 | Mali-T720 MP2 | |
H313, H616 | Mali-G31 MP2 | |
Amlogic | 8726-M series (8726-M1, 8726-M3, 8726-M6, 8726-MX) | Mali-400 MP/MP2[37] @ 250/400 MHz |
8726-M8 series (M801, M802, S801, S802, S812) | Mali-450 MP6[37] @ 600 MHz | |
8726-M8B series (M805, S805) | Mali-450 MP2[37] @ 500 MHz | |
S905, S905X/D/L | Mali-450 MP3 @ 750 MHz | |
S905X2, S905X3, S905Y2, S905D2 | Mali-G31 MP2 | |
S912 | Mali-T820 MP3 @ 600 MHz | |
S922X, A311D | Mali-G52 MP4 | |
T966 | Mali-T830 MP2 @ 650 MHz | |
Asus | Tinkerboard, Tinkerboard S | Mali-T760 |
Baikal Electronics | Baikal-M | Mali-T628 MP8[38] |
CSR | Quatro 5300 Series | Mali-400 MP |
ELVEES Multicore | 1892VM14Ya | Mali-300 |
InfoTM | iMAP×15 | Mali-400 |
iMAP×820 | Mali-400 MP2 | |
iMAP×912 | Mali-400 MP2 | |
Tensor | Mali-G78 MP20 | |
HiSilicon | Kirin 620 | Mali-450 MP4 @ 533 MHz |
Kirin 650/655/658/659 | Mali-T830 MP2 @ 900 MHz | |
Kirin 710 | Mali-G51 MP4 @ 1000 MHz | |
Kirin 810 | Mali-G52 MP6 @ 820 MHz | |
Kirin 820 | Mali-G57 MP6 @??? MHz | |
Kirin 910/910T | Mali-450 MP4 @ 533/700 MHz | |
Kirin 920/925/928 | Mali-T628 MP4 @ 600/600/? MHz | |
Kirin 930/935 | Mali-T628 MP4 @ 600/680 MHz | |
Kirin 950/955 | Mali-T880 MP4 @ 900 MHz | |
Kirin 960 | Mali-G71 MP8 @ 1037 MHz | |
Kirin 970 | Mali-G72 MP12 @ 746 MHz | |
Kirin 980 | Mali-G76 MP10 @ 720 MHz | |
Kirin 985 | Mali-G77 MP8 @??? MHz | |
Kirin 990/990 5G | Mali-G76 MP16 @ 600 MHz | |
Kirin 9000 5G/Kirin 9000E 5G | Mali-G78 MP24/22 @ 759 MHz | |
Hi3798cv200 | Mali-T720 @ 450/600 MHz | |
Leadcore | LC1810, LC1811, LC1813, LC1913 | Mali-400[39][40][41][42] |
LC1860, LC1860C, LC1960 | Mali-T628 MP2 @ 600 MHz | |
MediaTek | MSD6683 | Mali-470 MP3 |
MT5595, MT5890 | Mali-T624 MP3 | |
MT5596, MT5891 | Mali-T860 MP2[43] | |
MT6571, MT6572, MT6572M | Mali-400 MP1 @ ?/500/400 MHz | |
MT6580 | Mali-400 MP1 @ 500 MHz | |
MT6582/MT6582M | Mali-400 MP2 @ 500/416 MHz | |
MT6588, MT6591, MT6592, MT6592M, MT8127 | Mali-450 MP4 @ 600/700/600/600 MHz[44] | |
MT6735, MT6735M, MT6735P | Mali-T720 MP2 @ 600/500/400 MHz | |
MT6737, MT6737T | Mali-T720 MP2 @ 550/600 MHz | |
MT8735 | Mali-T720 MP2 @ 450 MHz | |
MT6753 | Mali-T720 MP3 @ 700 MHz[45] | |
MT6732, MT6732M, MT6752, MT6752M | Mali-T760 MP2 @ 500/500/700/700 MHz[46] | |
MT6750 | Mali-T860 MP2 @ 520 MHz | |
MT6755 (Helio P10/P15/P18) | Mali-T860 MP2 @ 700/650/800 MHz | |
MT6757 (Helio P20, P25) | Mali-T880 MP2 @ 900 MHz/1.0 GHz[47] | |
MT6797 (Helio X20/X23/X25/X27) | Mali-T880 MP4 @ 780/850/875 MHz | |
MT6763T (Helio P23), MT6758 (Helio P30) | Mali-G71 MP2 @ 770/950 MHz[48][49] | |
MT6771 (Helio P60, P70) | Mali-G72 MP3 @ 800/900 MHz[50][51] | |
MT6768 (Helio P65), MT6769 (Helio G70/G80/G85/G88) | Mali-G52 MC2 @ 820/950/1000 MHz | |
MT6785 (Helio G90/G90T/G95) | Mali-G76 MC4 @ 720/800/900 MHz | |
MT6781 (Helio G96), MT6833 (Dimensity 700, 810) | Mali-G57 MC2 @ 850/950 MHz | |
MT6853 (Dimensity 720, 800U) | Mali-G57 MC3 @ 850 MHz | |
MT6873 (Dimensity 800) | Mali-G57 MC4 @ 650 MHz | |
MT6875 (Dimensity 820), MT6883Z (Dimensity 1000C) | Mali-G57 MC5 @ 900 MHz | |
MT6877/MT6877T (Dimensity 900/920) | Mali-G68 MC4 @ 900 MHz | |
MT6885Z (Dimensity 1000L) | Mali-G77 MC7 @ 695 MHz | |
MT6889 (Dimensity 1000/1000+) | Mali-G77 MC9 @ 850 MHz | |
MT6891/MT6893 (Dimensity 1100/1200/1300) | Mali-G77 MC9 @ 850 MHz | |
MT8192 (Kompanio 820) | Mali-G57 MC5 GPU @ ??? MHz | |
MT8195/MT8195T (Kompanio 1200/1380) | Mali-G57 MC5 GPU @ ??? MHz | |
MT8791 (Kompanio 900T) | Mali-G68 MP4 GPU @ 900 MHz | |
MT8797 (Kompanio 1300T) | Mali-G77 MP9 @ 850 MHz | |
MT6895 (Dimensity 8000/8100) | Mali-G610 MC6 @ ??? MHz | |
MT6983 (Dimensity 9000) | Mali-G710 MP10 @ 850 MHz | |
NetLogic | Au1380, Au1350 | Mali-200[52][53] |
Nufront | NS2816, NS2816M | Mali-400 MP |
NS115, TL7688, TL7689 | Mali-400 MP2 | |
Realtek | RTD1294, RTD1295, RTD1296 | Mali-T820 MP3[54] |
RTD1395 | Mali-470 | |
Rockchip | RK2818 | Mali-200 |
RK2926, RK2628, RK3036, RK3229 | Mali-400 MP @ 400/400/500/600 MHz[55] | |
RK3026, RK3126, RK3128 | Mali-400 MP2 @ 500/600/600 MHz | |
RK3066, RK3188, RK3188T | Mali-400 MP4 @ 266/533/~400 MHz[56][57] | |
RK3288 | Mali-T760 MP4 @ 600 MHz | |
RK3326 | Mali-G31 MP2[58][59] | |
RK3328 | Mali-450 MP2 | |
RK3399 | Mali-T860 MP4 @ 600 MHz | |
RK3530, RK3566, RK3568 | Mali-G52[60] | |
RK3588 | Mali-G610 MP4[61] | |
Samsung | Exynos 3 Quad (3470), Exynos 4 Dual, Quad (4210, 4212 and 4412) | Mali-400 MP4[62] |
Exynos 5 Dual (5250) | Mali-T604 MP4[63] | |
Exynos 5 Hexa (5260) | Mali-T624 MP3 | |
Exynos 5 Octa (5420, 5422, 5430 and 5800) | Mali-T628 MP6 | |
Exynos 5 Hexa (7872) | Mali-G71 MP1 @ 1.2 GHz | |
Exynos 7 Octa (5433/7410) | Mali-T760 MP6 | |
Exynos 7 Octa (7420) | Mali-T760 MP8 @ 772 MHz | |
Exynos 7 Quad (7570), Exynos 3 Quad (3475) | Mali-T720 MP1 | |
Exynos 7 Octa (7580) | Mali-T720 MP2 | |
Exynos 7 Octa (7870) | Mali-T830 MP1 | |
Exynos 7 Octa (7880) | Mali-T830 MP3 | |
Exynos 7 Series 7885 | Mali-G71 MP2 @ 1300 MHz | |
Exynos 850 | Mali-G52 MP1 | |
Exynos 8 Octa 880 | Mali-G76 MP5 @ ???MHz | |
Exynos 8 Octa (8890) | Mali-T880 MP10 (Lite) / Mali-T880 MP12 @650 MHz | |
Exynos 9 Octa (8895) | Mali-G71 MP20 @ 546 MHz[64][65] | |
Exynos 7 Series 9610 | Mali-G72 MP3[66] | |
Exynos 9 Series 9810 | Mali-G72 MP18 @ 572 MHz[67] | |
Exynos 9 Series 9820/9825 | Mali-G76 MP12 @ 702/??? MHz | |
Exynos 9 Series 980 | Mali-G76 MP5 @ ? MHz | |
Exynos 9 Series 990 | Mali-G77 MP11 @ 800 MHz | |
Exynos 1280 | Mali-G68 MP4 @ 1000 MHz | |
Exynos 1080 | Mali-G78 MP10 @ ?? MHz | |
Exynos 2100 | Mali-G78 MP14 @ ?? MHz | |
S5P6450 Vega | Mali-400 MP[68] | |
Sigma Designs | SMP8750 Series | Mali-400 MP4 @ 350 MHz[69] |
Socle-Tech | Leopard-6 | Mali-200[70] |
Spreadtrum | SC68xx, SC57xx, SC77xx, SC8xxx, SC983x | Mali-400 MP Series[71] |
SC9860, SC9860GV | Mali-T880 MP4 | |
ST-Ericsson | NovaThor U9500, U8500, U5500 | Mali-400 MP[72] |
STMicroelectronics | SPEAr1340 | Mali-200[73] |
STi7108, STiH416 | Mali-400 MP[74][75] | |
Telechips | TCC8803, TCC8902, TCC8900, TCC9201 | Mali-200[37][76] |
WonderMedia | WM8750 | Mali-200 |
WM8850, WM8950 | Mali-400 MP[77] | |
WM8880, WM8980 | Mali-400 MP2 | |
WM8860 | Mali-450 | |
Xiaomi | Surge S1 | Mali-T860 MP4 @ 800 MHz[78][79] |
Surge S2 | Mali-G71 MP12 @ 900 MHz (?)[80] |
Mali Video Processors
Mali Video is the name given to ARM Holdings' dedicated video decoding and video encoding ASIC. There are multiple versions implementing a number of video codecs, such as HEVC, VP9, H.264 and VP8. As with all ARM products, the Mali Video Processor is a semiconductor intellectual property core licensed to third parties for inclusion in their chips. Real time encode-decode capability is central to videotelephony. An interface to ARM's TrustZone technology is also built-in to enable Digital Rights Management of copyrighted material.
Mali-V500
The first version of a Mali Video processor was the V500, released in 2013 with the Mali-T622 GPU.[81] The V500 is a multicore design, sporting 1–8 cores, with support for H.264 and a protected video path using ARM TrustZone. The 8 core version is sufficient for 4K video decode at 120 frames per second (fps). The V500 can encode VP8 and H.264, and decode H.264, H.263, MPEG4, MPEG2, VC-1/WMV, Real, VP8.
Mali-V550
Released with the Mali-T800 GPU, ARM V550 video processors added both encode and decode HEVC support, 10-bit color depth, and technologies to further reduced power consumption.[82] The V550 also included technology improvements to better handle latency and save bandwidth.[83] Again built around the idea of a scalable number of cores (1–8) the V550 could support between 1080p60 (1 core) to 4K120 (8 cores). The V550 supported HEVC Main, H.264, VP8, JPEG encode, and HEVC Main 10, HEVC Main, H.264, H.263, MPEG4, MPEG2, VC-1/WMV, Real, VP8, JPEG decode.
Mali-V61
The Mali V61 video processor (formerly named Egil) was released with the Mali Bifrost GPU in 2016.[84][85] V61 has been designed to improve video encoding, in particular HEVC and VP9, and to allow for encoding either a single or multiple streams simultaneously.[86] The design continues the 1–8 variable core number design, with a single core supporting 1080p60 while 8 cores can drive 4Kp120. It can decode and encode VP9 10-bit, VP9 8-bit, HEVC Main 10, HEVC Main, H.264, VP8, JPEG and decode only MPEG4, MPEG2, VC-1/WMV, Real, H.263.[87]
Mali-V52
The Mali V52 video processor was released with the Mali G52 and G31 GPUs in March 2018.[88] The processor is intended to support 4K (including HDR) video on mainstream devices.[89]
The platform is scalable from 1 to 4 cores and doubles the decode performance relative to V61. It also adds High 10 H.264 encode (Level 5.0) and decode (Level 5.1) capabilities, as well as AVS Part 2 (Jizhun) and Part 15 (AVS+, Guangdian) decode capability for YUV420.[90]
Mali-V76
The Mali V76 video processor was released with the Mali G76 GPU and Cortex-A76 CPU in 2018.[91] The V76 was designed to improve video encoding and decoding performance. The design continues the 2–8 variable core number design, with 8 cores capable of 8Kp60 decoding and 8Kp30 encoding. It claims improves HEVC encode quality by 25% relative to Mali-V61 at launch. The AV1 codec is not supported.
Mali-V77
The Mali V77 video processor was released with the Mali G77 GPU and Cortex-A77 CPU in 2019.
Comparison
Mali Video | V500 | V550 | V61 | V52 | V76 | V77 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Announced | June 2, 2013[92] | October 27, 2014[93] | October 31, 2016[94] | March 6, 2018[95] | May 31, 2018[91] | |
Recommended GPU | Mali-T800-series | Mali-G51 Mali-G72 |
Mali-G31 Mali-G52 |
Mali-G76 | Mali-G77 | |
Recommended DPU | Mali-DP500 | Mali-DP550 Mali-DP650 |
Mali-DP650 Mali-D71 |
Mali-D52 | ||
Memory system | MMU | |||||
Bus interface | AMBA 3 AXI AMBA 4 ACE Lite |
AMBA AXI | AMBA4 AXI | |||
Performance (enc) | 1080p60 (1 core) to 4K120 (8 core) | 1080p60 (1 core) to 4K60 (4 core) | 1080p60 (1 core) to 8K30 (8 core) | |||
Performance (dec) | 1080p120 / 4K30 (1 core) to 4K120 (4 core) | 1080p120 / 4K30 (1 core) to 8K60 (8 core) | ||||
Decode & Encode | ||||||
H.264 8-bit | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E |
H.264 10-bit | - | - | - | D & E | D & E | D & E |
VP8 | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E |
JPEG | - | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E |
HEVC Main | - | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E |
HEVC Main 10 | - | D | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E |
VP9 8-bit | - | - | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E |
VP9 10-bit | - | - | D & E | D & E | D & E | D & E |
AV1 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Mali display processors
Mali-D71
The Mali-D71 added Arm Framebuffer Compression (AFBC) 1.2 encoder, support for ARM CoreLink MMU-600 and Assertive Display 5. Assertive Display 5 has support for HDR10 and hybrid log–gamma (HLG).
Mali-D77
The Mali-D77 added features including asynchronous timewarp (ATW), lens distortion correction (LDC), and chromatic aberration correction (CAC). The Mali-D77 is also capable of 3K (2880x1440) @ 120 Hz and 4K @ 90 Hz.[96]
Mali Display | DP500[97][98] | DP550[99] | DP650[100][101] | D71[102][103][104] | D51 | D77[105][106] | D37[107] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Announced | May 8, 2010 | October 27, 2014 | January 20, 2016 | October 31, 2017 | March 6, 2018 | May 15, 2019 | October 23, 2019 |
Optimized res | n/a | 720p (HD) to 1080p (FHD) | 1440p (QHD) | 1440p (QHD) to 2160p (UHD/4K) | 1080p (FHD) to 1440p (QHD) | 2880x1440 @ 120 Hz | 1080p (FHD) to 1440p (QHD) |
Maximum res | 2160p (4K) | 2160p (4K) | 2160p (4K) | 2160p (4K) up to 120fps | 4096x2048 up to 60fps | 4320x2160 @ 120 Hz | |
Launched Alongside | Cortex-A17 core | Mali-T800 series GPU, V550 Video Processor | CoreLink MMU-600, Assertive Display 5 | Mali-G31, Mali-G52, Mali-V52 | Ethos-N77, Ethos-N57, Ethos-N37 Mali-G57 |
Mali Camera
Mali-C71
On April 25, 2017 the Mali-C71 was announced, ARM's first Image Signal Processor (ISP).[108][109][110]
Mali-C52 & Mali-C32
On January 3, 2019 the Mali-C52 and C32 where announced, aimed at everyday devices including drones, smart home assistants and security, and internet protocol (IP) camera.[111]
Mali-C71AE
On September 29, 2020 the Mali-C71AE image signal processor was introduced, alongside the Cortex-A78AE CPU and Mali-G78AE GPU.[112] It supports up to 4 real-time cameras or up to 16 virtual cameras with a maximum resolution of 4096 x 4096 each.[113]
Mali-C55
On June 8, 2022 the Mali-C55 ISP was introduced as successor to the C52.[114][115] It's the smallest and most configurable image signal processor from Arm, and support up to 8 camera with a max resolution of 48 megapixel each. Arm claims improved tone mapping and spatial noise reduction compared to the C52. Multiple C55 ISPs can be combined to support higher than 48 megapixel resolutions.
Comparison
Mali Camera | C32 | C52 | C55 | C71 | C71AE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Announced | January 3, 2019 | June 8, 2022[116] | April 25, 2017 | September 29, 2020[117] | |
Throughput | 600 MP/s | 1.2 GP/s | |||
Support cameras | 4 | 8 | 4 real-time or 16 virtual | ||
Max resolution | 4608x3456 (16 MP) | 8192x6144 (48 MP) | 4096x4096 (16MP) | ||
Bit-depth (Dynamic Range) | 20-bit (20 stops) | 24-bit (24 stops) | |||
Channel support | RGGB, RGBlr | RGGB | RGGB, RCCC, RGBIr, RCCB, RCCG | RGGB, RCCC, RCCB, RCCG, RGBIr and RYYCyan | |
up to 16 channels | |||||
ASIL compliance | ASIL D | ASIL B / SIL 2
ASIL D / SIL 3 |
The Lima and Panfrost FOSS drivers
On January 21, 2012, Phoronix reported that Luc Verhaegen was driving a reverse-engineering attempt aimed at the Mali series of GPUs, specifically the Mali 200 and Mali 400 versions. The project was known as Lima and targeted support for OpenGL ES 2.0.[118] The reverse-engineering project was presented at FOSDEM, February 4, 2012,[119][120] followed by the opening of a website demonstrating some renders. On February 2, 2013, Verhaegen demonstrated Quake III Arena in timedemo mode, running on top of the Lima driver.[121] In May 2018, a Lima developer posted the driver for inclusion in the Linux kernel.[122] In May 2019, the Lima driver became part of the mainline Linux kernel.[123] The Mesa userspace counterpart was merged at the same time. It currently supports OpenGL ES 1.1, 2.0 and parts of 2.1, and the fallback emulation in MESA provides full support for graphical desktop environments.[124]
Panfrost is a reverse-engineered driver effort for Mali Txxx (Midgard) and Gxx (Bifrost) GPUs. Introducing Panfrost talk was presented at X.Org Developer's Conference 2018. As of May 2019, the Panfrost driver is part of the mainline Linux kernel.[125] and MESA. Panfrost supports OpenGL ES 2.0, 3.0 and 3.1, as well as OpenGL 3.1.[126]
See also
- Adreno – GPU developed by Qualcomm (formerly AMD, then Freescale)
- Atom family of SoCs – with Intel graphics core, not licensed to third parties
- AMD mobile APUs – with AMD graphics core, licensed to Samsung[127]
- PowerVR – by Imagination Technologies
- Tegra – family of SoCs by Nvidia with the graphics core available as a SIP block to third parties
- VideoCore – family of SoCs by Broadcom with the graphics core available as a SIP block to third parties
- Vivante – available as SIP block to third parties
- Imageon – old AMD mobile GPU
References
- ↑ Smith, Ryan. "ARM's Mali Midgard Architecture Explored". https://www.anandtech.com/show/8234/arms-mali-midgard-architecture-explored.
- ↑ "ARM Strengthens Its 3D Graphics IP Portfolio Through Falanx Acquisition". https://www.arm.com/about/newsroom/13706.php.
- ↑ Freddi Jeffries (2016-06-17). "Happy 10th Birthday Mali!". Arm Limited. https://community.arm.com/arm-community-blogs/b/graphics-gaming-and-vr-blog/posts/happy-10th-birthday-mali. Retrieved 2021-12-19.
- ↑ "Initial support for ARM Mali Display Controller". Linux kernel mailing list. 2016-04-01. http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1604.0/00503.html.
- ↑ "DRM: Add support for the ARM HDLCD display controller [LWN.net]". https://lwn.net/Articles/667575/.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 https://static.docs.arm.com/dui0363/d/DUI0363D_opengl_es_app_dev_guide.pdf[|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
- ↑ Mali Graphics Webpage; Arm Holdings.
- ↑ "ARM's Mali Midgard Architecture Explored". http://www.anandtech.com/show/8234/arms-mali-midgard-architecture-explored/2.
- ↑ "ARM Mali GPU Makes Advanced Graphics a Reality for All Consumers". http://www.arm.com/about/newsroom/arm-mali-gpu-makes-advanced-graphics-a-reality-for-all-consumers.php.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 http://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/2012-pan-pacific-road-show/OpenGL-and-OpenGL-ES-Taiwan_Feb-2012.pdf Khronos Group OpenGL and OpenGL ES Taiwan Feb 2012
- ↑ "ARM Heralds New Era In Embedded Graphics With Next-Generation Mali GPU". http://www.arm.com/about/newsroom/arm-heralds-new-era-in-embedded-graphics-with-next-generation-mali-gpu.php.
- ↑ "Mali-T658 GPU Extends Graphics And GPU Compute Leadership For High Performance Devices". http://www.arm.com/about/newsroom/mali-t658-gpu-extends-graphics-and-gpu-compute-leadership-for-high-performance-devices.php.
- ↑ "ARM Targets 580 Million Mid-Range Mobile Devices with New Suite of IP". http://www.arm.com/about/newsroom/arm-targets-580-million-mid-range-mobile-devices-with-new-suite-of-ip.php.
- ↑ AnandTech | ARM Announces 8-core 2nd Gen Mali-T600 GPUs
- ↑ depending on number of GPU shader core groups
- ↑ "The Samsung Exynos 7420 Deep Dive – Inside A Modern 14nm SoC". AnandTech. http://www.anandtech.com/show/9330/exynos-7420-deep-dive/2.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 depending on number of shader core groups
- ↑ "Mali GPU: An abstract machine part 3 – The midgard shader core" (in en). Arm Community. https://community.arm.com/graphics/b/blog/posts/the-mali-gpu-an-abstract-machine-part-3---the-midgard-shader-core.
- ↑ "Vulkan – Mali Developer Center". ARM. http://malideveloper.arm.com/documentation/developer-guides/vulkan/.
- ↑ Supported as of June 2016 with r12p0 userspace driver
- ↑ Ltd., Arm. "Graphics and Multimedia Processors | Mali-G31 GPU – Arm Developer" (in en). https://developer.arm.com/products/graphics-and-multimedia/mali-gpus/mali-g31-gpu.
- ↑ "The Khronos Group" (in en). 2022-06-28. https://www.khronos.org/adopters/conformant-products/vulkan.
- ↑ Lynch, Doug (31 October 2016). "ARM announces their second Bifrost GPU – the Mali-G51". XDA Developers. http://www.xda-developers.com/arm-announces-its-2nd-bifrost-gpu-the-mali-g51/.
- ↑ "Graphics and Multimedia Processors | Mali-G51 GPU". https://developer.arm.com/products/graphics-and-multimedia/mali-gpus/mali-g51-gpu.
- ↑ "The Mali GPU: An Abstract Machine, Part 4 – The Bifrost Shader Core" (in en). Arm Community. https://community.arm.com/graphics/b/blog/posts/the-mali-gpu-an-abstract-machine-part-4---the-bifrost-shader-core?CommentSortBy=CreatedDate&CommentSortOrder=Descending.
- ↑ "GPU GFLOPS". https://gflops.surge.sh/.
- ↑ "The Exynos 9810 – Introducing Meerkat". AnandTech. https://www.anandtech.com/show/12520/the-galaxy-s9-review/3.
- ↑ "MediaTek Dimensity 700". MediaTek. https://www.mediatek.com/products/smartphones/dimensity-700.
- ↑ http://www.heterogeneouscompute.org/hipeac2011Presentations/OpenCL-Midgard.pdf Midgard OpenCL Cache coherency
- ↑ http://www.chipdesignmag.com/pallab/2011/06/30/arm-mali-gpu-unifying-graphics-across-platforms/ Heterogeneous Computing
- ↑ "Adaptive Scalable Texture Compression (ASTC) technology developed by ARM and AMD". https://www.arm.com/products/multimedia/mali-technologies/adaptive-scalable-texture-compression.php.
- ↑ "A10". Allwinner Technology. http://www.allwinnertech.com/en/product/A10.html.
- ↑ "A10s". Allwinner Technology. http://www.allwinnertech.com/en/product/A10s.html.
- ↑ "A13". Allwinner Technology. http://www.allwinnertech.com/en/product/A13.html.
- ↑ "A64". Linux-sunxi community. November 27, 2019. https://linux-sunxi.org/A64.
- ↑ "AllWinner Publishes A31 and A20 Processors Details". CNXSoft. December 9, 2012. http://www.cnx-software.com/2012/12/09/allwinner-a31-and-a20-processors-details/.
- ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 37.3 Limadriver.org: Hardware
- ↑ "Baikal-M". https://www.baikalelectronics.com/products/M/.
- ↑ "LC1810". Leadcore. http://www.leadcoretech.com/LC1810-A9.htm.
- ↑ "LC1811". Leadcore. http://www.leadcoretech.com/LC1811-A9.htm.
- ↑ "LC1813". Leadcore. http://www.leadcoretech.com/LC1813-Chip.htm.
- ↑ "LC1913". Leadcore. http://www.leadcoretech.com/LC1913-Chip.htm.
- ↑ "MediaTek MT5596 Digital TV". 2019-08-27. https://www.mediatek.com/products/digitalTv/mt5596.
- ↑ Mediatek MT8127
- ↑ "MediaTek MT6753 datasheet | Processor Specs | PhoneDB". http://pdadb.net/index.php?m=processor&id=553&c=mediatek_mt6753&d=detailed_specs.
- ↑ "ARM Mali-T760 MP2". http://www.notebookcheck.net/ARM-Mali-T760-MP2.146753.0.html.
- ↑ "MediaTek Helio Smartphones, IoT, Automotive & Connectivity" (in en-US). 2018-03-26. https://www.mediatek.com/products/smartphones/mediatek-helio-p25.
- ↑ "MediaTek Helio Smartphones, IoT, Automotive & Connectivity" (in en-US). 2017-12-06. https://www.mediatek.com/products/smartphones/mediatek-helio-p23.
- ↑ "MediaTek Helio Smartphones, IoT, Automotive & Connectivity" (in en-US). 2017-12-06. https://www.mediatek.com/products/smartphones/mediatek-helio-p30.
- ↑ "MediaTek Helio Smartphones, IoT, Automotive & Connectivity" (in en-US). 2018-03-26. https://www.mediatek.com/products/smartphones/mediatek-helio-p60.
- ↑ "MediaTek Helio Smartphones, IoT, Automotive & Connectivity" (in en-US). 2018-10-25. https://www.mediatek.com/products/smartphones/mediatek-helio-p70.
- ↑ "NetLogic Au1300". http://www.netlogicmicro.com/Products/Alchemy/Au1300.asp.
- ↑ RMI Au1300 Press release
- ↑ cnxsoft (2017-06-07). "Realtek RTD1296 STB/Media NAS SoC Coming Soon with Multiple Ethernet Ports, Dual SATA, HDMI 2.0 Input and Output" (in en-US). https://www.cnx-software.com/2017/06/07/realtek-rtd1296-stbmedia-nas-soc-coming-soon-with-dual-ethernet-dual-sata-hdmi-2-0-input-and-output/.
- ↑ "Filla Sapphire 7 Product Specification". http://myfilla.com/index.php?route=product%2Fproduct&product_id=64.
- ↑ Rockchip Licenses a Wide Range of ARM IP for Turnkey Solution Targeting Mass Market, Cost-Effective Android Tablets
- ↑ http://sg.finance.yahoo.com/news/28nm-quad-core-era-rk3188-144500035.html[yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
- ↑ "Rockchip-瑞芯微电子股份有限公司". http://www.rock-chips.com/a/en/products/RK33_Series/2018/0514/900.html.
- ↑ "Rockchip-瑞芯微电子股份有限公司". http://www.rock-chips.com/a/en/News/Press_Releases/2018/0413/898.html.
- ↑ Aufranc, Jean-Luc (2019-04-24). "RK3588 8K Arm Cortex-A76/A55 SoC, Rockchip Roadmap to 2020" (in en-US). https://www.cnx-software.com/2019/04/24/rk3588-8k-arm-cortex-a76-a55-soc-rockchip-roadmap-2020/.
- ↑ "瑞芯微RK3588八核8K旗舰SoC芯片参数简介". https://www.scensmart.com/general-description-of-soc/rockchip-rk3588-arm-8k-soc/.
- ↑ (in English) ARM Powered Smartphone Sets New Graphics Benchmark on ARM blog
- ↑ "Samsung Confirms Mali is in the Exynos 5250 Processor – ARM Community". http://blogs.arm.com/multimedia/676-samsung-confirms-mali-is-in-the-exynos-5250-processor/.
- ↑ Smith, Ryan. "Samsung Announces Exynos 8895 SoC: 10nm, Mali G71MP20, & LPDDR4x". http://www.anandtech.com/show/11149/samsung-announces-exynos-8895-soc-10nm.
- ↑ Humrick, Matt. "Samsung Galaxy S8 Showdown: Exynos 8895 vs. Snapdragon 835, Performance & Battery Life Tested". https://www.anandtech.com/show/11540/samsung-galaxy-s8-exynos-versus-snapdragon/4.
- ↑ "Exynos 7 Series 9610 Processor: Specs, Features | Samsung Exynos" (in en). http://www.samsung.com/semiconductor/minisite/exynos/products/mobileprocessor/exynos-7-series-9610/.
- ↑ "Samsung Honored for Outstanding Design and Engineering with 36 CES 2018 Innovation Awards" (in en). https://news.samsung.com/global/samsung-honored-for-outstanding-design-and-engineering-with-36-ces-2018-innovation-awards.
- ↑ Hardkernel ODROID-E7 development board
- ↑ "Sigma Designs announces HEVC capable SMP8750 family". http://www.sigmadesigns.com/news/sigma-designs-to-launch-new-arm-based-chipset-family-with-hevc-at-ces/.
- ↑ Socle Leopard-6 SoC
- ↑ Spreadtrum SC8819
- ↑ ST-Ericsson NovaThor product page
- ↑ STMicro SPEAr1340
- ↑ STMicro STi7108 Press release
- ↑ STMicro STiH416 Press release
- ↑ 2010, ARM Limited: TCC8900 development board
- ↑ "WonderMedia Prizm WM8950 Press release". http://www.wondermedia.com.tw/en/company/press_center/pressrelease/20120105-wm8950.jsp.
- ↑ "Hardware.Info Nederland" (in nl). https://nl.hardware.info/nieuws/51262/xiaomi-kondigt-eerste-telefoon-met-eigen-surge-s1-soc-aan-de-mi-5c.
- ↑ "Surge S1 – Xiaomi" (in en). https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/xiaomi/surge/s1.
- ↑ "Surge S2 – Xiaomi" (in en). https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/xiaomi/surge/s2.
- ↑ Lal Shimpi, Anand (2 June 2013). "ARM MaliT622 V500 Video Block Complement Cortex A12". Anandtech.com. http://www.anandtech.com/show/7010/arm-malit622-v500-video-block-complement-cortex-a12.
- ↑ Smith, Ryan (27 October 2014). "ARM Announces Mali V550 Video Processor and Mali P550 Display Processor". Anandtech.com. http://www.anandtech.com/show/8650/arm-announces-maliv550-video-processor-malidp550-display-processor.
- ↑ Sims, Gary (27 October 2014). "Mali-T860 GPU headlines new range of integrated media designs from ARM". Android Authority. http://www.androidauthority.com/mali-t860-range-media-designs-543790/.
- ↑ Smith, Ryan (16 June 2016). "ARM Announces Mali Egil Video Processor". Anandtech.com. http://www.anandtech.com/show/10428/arm-announces-mali-egil-video-processor.
- ↑ Smith, Ryan (31 October 2016). "ARM Announces Mali-G51 Mainstream GPU, Mali-V-61 Video Processing Block". Anandtech. http://www.anandtech.com/show/10805/arm-announces-mali-g51-mali-v61.
- ↑ Walrath, Josh (16 June 2016). "ARM Introduces Egil Video Processor: 4K 120 Hz the Top!". TechReport.com. https://www.pcper.com/reviews/General-Tech/ARM-Introduces-Egil-Video-Processor-4K-120-Hz-Top.
- ↑ Ltd., Arm. "Graphics and Multimedia Processors | Mali-V61 – Arm Developer" (in en). https://developer.arm.com/products/graphics-and-multimedia/mali-video-processors/mali-v61-video-processor.
- ↑ Wiggers, Kyle (6 March 2018). "ARM Introduces the Mali-G52/G31 GPUs and the Mali-D51 Display and Mali-V52 Video Processors". Xda Developers. https://www.xda-developers.com/arm-mali-g52-g31-gpus-mali-d51-display-mali-v52-video-processors/.
- ↑ Tyson, Mark (7 March 2018). "Arm launches Mali-G52 and Mali-G31 mainstream GPUs". Hexus. http://hexus.net/tech/news/graphics/115961-arm-launches-mali-g52-mali-g31-mainstream-gpus/.
- ↑ "Arm Introduces Mali-G52 & Mali-G31 GPUs, Mali-D51 Display Processor, and Mali-V52 Video Processor for Mainstream Devices". 6 March 2018. https://www.cnx-software.com/2018/03/06/arm-introduces-mali-g52-mali-g31-gpus-mali-d51-display-processor-and-mali-v52-video-processor-for-mainstream-devices/.
- ↑ 91.0 91.1 Smith, Ryan (31 May 2018). "ARM Announces Mail-V76 Video Processor". Anandtech. https://www.anandtech.com/show/12835/arm-announces-maliv76-video-processor-planning-for-the-8k-video-future.
- ↑ Shimpi, Anand Lal. "ARM Mali-T622 & V500 Video Block Complement Cortex A12". https://www.anandtech.com/show/7010/arm-malit622-v500-video-block-complement-cortex-a12.
- ↑ Smith, Ryan. "ARM Announces Mali-V550 Video Processor & Mali-DP550 Display Processor". https://www.anandtech.com/show/8650/arm-announces-maliv550-video-processor-malidp550-display-processor.
- ↑ Smith, Ryan. "ARM Announces Mali-G51 Mainstream GPU, Mali-V-61 Video Processing Block". https://www.anandtech.com/show/10805/arm-announces-mali-g51-mali-v61.
- ↑ "Mali-G52 GPU". https://developer.arm.com/products/graphics-and-multimedia/mali-gpus/mali-g52-gpu.
- ↑ Frumusanu, Andrei. "Arm Announces Mali D77 Display Processor: Facilitating AR & VR". https://www.anandtech.com/show/14340/arm-announces-mali-d77-display-processor-facilitating-ar-vr.
- ↑ "Is the future as good as it used to be?" (in en). Arm Community. https://community.arm.com/graphics/b/blog/posts/is-the-future-as-good-as-it-used-to-be.
- ↑ Ltd., Arm. "Graphics and Multimedia Processors | Mali Display Processors – Arm Developer" (in en). http://www.arm.com/products/multimedia/mali-display/mali-dp500.php.
- ↑ Ltd., Arm. "Graphics and Multimedia Processors | Mali-DP550 – Arm Developer" (in en). https://developer.arm.com/products/graphics-and-multimedia/mali-display-processors/mali-dp550-display-processor.
- ↑ "ARM enables power efficient, enhanced visual experiences on 2.5K and 4K mobile devices with the Mali-DP650 Display Processor" (in en). Arm Community. https://community.arm.com/graphics/b/blog/posts/arm-enables-power-efficient-enhanced-visual-experiences-on-2-5k-and-4k-mobile-devices-with-the-mali-dp650-display-processor.
- ↑ Ltd., Arm. "Graphics and Multimedia Processors | Mali-DP650 – Arm Developer" (in en). https://developer.arm.com/products/graphics-and-multimedia/mali-display-processors/mali-dp650-display-processor.
- ↑ "Mali-D71 and the Next Generation Display Solution" (in en). Arm Community. https://community.arm.com/graphics/b/blog/posts/mali-d71-and-the-next-generation-display-solution.
- ↑ Oh, Nate. "Arm Announces New Mali-D71 Display Processor and IP Blocks". https://www.anandtech.com/show/11983/arm-announces-new-malid71-display-processor-and-ip-blocks.
- ↑ Ltd., Arm. "Graphics and Multimedia Processors | Mali-D71 – Arm Developer" (in en). https://developer.arm.com/products/graphics-and-multimedia/mali-display-processors/mali-d71-display-processor.
- ↑ "Introducing the Arm Mali-D77 Display Processor for VR – Graphics and Gaming blog – Graphics and Gaming – Arm Community" (in en). https://community.arm.com/developer/tools-software/graphics/b/blog/posts/introducing-the-arm-mali-d77-display-processor.
- ↑ Frumusanu, Andrei. "Arm Announces Mali D77 Display Processor: Facilitating AR & VR". https://www.anandtech.com/show/14340/arm-announces-mali-d77-display-processor-facilitating-ar-vr.
- ↑ Frumusanu, Andrei. "Arm Announces New Ethos-N57 and N37 NPUs, Mali-G57 Valhall GPU and Mali-D37 DPU". https://www.anandtech.com/show/15015/arm-announces-new-ethosn57-and-n37-npus-new-malig57-valhall-gpu-and-malid37-dpu.
- ↑ Smith, Ryan. "ARM Announces Mali-C71: Their First Automotive-Grade Image Signal Processor". https://www.anandtech.com/show/11293/arm-announces-mali-c71-automotive-isp.
- ↑ "Mali-C71 driving image processing for automotive" (in en). Arm Community. https://community.arm.com/graphics/b/blog/posts/driving-next-generation-image-processing-for-automotive.
- ↑ Ltd., Arm. "Graphics and Multimedia Processors | Mali Camera – Arm Developer" (in en). https://developer.arm.com/products/graphics-and-multimedia/mali-camera.
- ↑ Ltd, Arm. "A sharper digital eye for intelligent devices" (in en). https://www.arm.com/company/news/2019/01/a-sharper-digital-eye-for-intelligent-devices.
- ↑ Ltd, Arm. "New Arm technologies enable safety-capable computing solutions for an autonomous future" (in en). https://www.arm.com/company/news/2020/09/new-arm-technologies-enable-safety-capable-computing-solutions.
- ↑ "Arm Mali-C71AE: High performance ISP with advanced safety - Embedded blog - Arm Community blogs - Arm Community" (in en). https://community.arm.com/arm-community-blogs/b/embedded-blog/posts/arm-mali-c71ae-image-signal-processing-advanced-safety.
- ↑ Ltd, Arm. "Arm introduces new image signal processor to advance vision systems for IoT and embedded markets" (in en). https://www.arm.com/company/news/2022/06/arm-introduces-new-isp-to-advance-vision-systems-for-iot-and-embedded-markets.
- ↑ "Arm Mali-C55: Image processing with smallest silicon area and highest performance - Internet of Things (IoT) blog - Arm Community blogs - Arm Community" (in en). https://community.arm.com/arm-community-blogs/b/internet-of-things-blog/posts/new-image-signal-processor-mali-c55.
- ↑ Ltd, Arm. "Arm introduces new image signal processor to advance vision systems for IoT and embedded markets" (in en). https://www.arm.com/company/news/2022/06/arm-introduces-new-isp-to-advance-vision-systems-for-iot-and-embedded-markets.
- ↑ Ltd, Arm. "New Arm technologies enable safety-capable computing solutions for an autonomous future" (in en). https://www.arm.com/company/news/2020/09/new-arm-technologies-enable-safety-capable-computing-solutions.
- ↑ Phoronix, Jan 27 2012: Announcing The Lima Open-Source GPU Driver
- ↑ Phoronix, Jan 21 2012: An Open-Source, Reverse-Engineered Mali GPU Driver
- ↑ FOSDEM schedule, Jan 21 2012: Liberating ARM's Mali GPU
- ↑ Quake 3 Arena timedemo on top of the lima driver!
- ↑ Lima DRM driver
- ↑ drm/lima: driver for ARM Mali4xx GPUs}
- ↑ "Lima". https://docs.mesa3d.org/drivers/lima.html.
- ↑ drm/panfrost: Add initial panfrost driver
- ↑ "Panfrost". https://docs.mesa3d.org/drivers/panfrost.html.
- ↑ https://www.amd.com/en/press-releases/2019-06-03-amd-and-samsung-announce-strategic-partnership-ultra-low-power-high[bare URL]
External links
- Graphics Processing from ARM website
- Mali Developer Center a developer focused site run by ARM
- V500
- V550
- Lima driver