Engineering:Comparison of space station cargo vehicles

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A collage of automated cargo spacecraft used in the past or present to resupply the International Space Station

A number of different spacecraft have been used to carry cargo to and from space stations.

Table code key

Spacecraft under development
Spacecraft is operational or inactive
Retired or cancelled spacecraft
§ Pressurized / Unpressurized payload capacity

Orbital space vehicles

Spacecraft Origin Manufacturer Launch system Length (m) Dry mass (kg) Launch mass (kg) Payload (kg) § Payload volume (m3) § Return payload (kg) Diameter (m) Generated power (W) Automated docking Status (No. Flights)
TKS  Soviet Union TsKBM Proton-K 17.51 13,688 21,620 12,600 4.15 2,400 No Retired (4)
Progress 7K-TG  Soviet Union Energia Soyuz-U None No Retired (43)
Progress-M
11F615A55 		 Soviet Union
 Russia 		Energia Soyuz-U
Soyuz-U2 		7.2 7,130 2,600 7.6 150[lower-alpha 1] 2.72 600[1] Yes Retired (66)
Progress-M1
  Russia Energia Soyuz-U
Soyuz-FG 		None Yes Retired (11)
Progress-M
11F615A60 		 Russia Energia Soyuz-U
Soyuz-2.1a 		7.2 7,150 2,230 7.6 None 2.72 700 Yes Retired (27 + 2 failed)
Cygnus (standard)  USA Orbital Antares 1x0 5.14 1,500[2] 2,000[2] 18.9[2] None 3.07 3,500[3] No Retired (3 + 1 failed)
Dragon (reusable)  USA SpaceX Falcon 9 6.1 4,200[4] 10,200[lower-alpha 2] 6,000[lower-alpha 3][5] 10.0 / (14 or 34)[lower-alpha 4][6] 3,000[lower-alpha 5][7] 3.7 2,000[8] No Retired (19 + 1 failed)[9]
ATV  Europe EADS Ariane 5ES 10.3 10,470[10] 20,750[10] 7,667[10] 48 None 4.5 3,800[11] Yes Retired (5)
HTV  Japan JAXA H-IIB 10 10,500[12] 16,500[12] 3,000 / 1,000[12] 14 / 16[12] 20[lower-alpha 6][13] 4.4 200 No Retired (9)
Tianzhou
(basic) 		 China CAST Long March 7 10.6 13,500 6,900[lower-alpha 7][14] 18.1 None 3.35 Yes Retired (5)
Progress-MS  Russia Energia Soyuz-U
Soyuz-2.1a 		7.2 7,150 2,230 None Yes Operational[15]
Dragon 2 cargo (reusable)  USA SpaceX Falcon 9 8.1 6,400 6,000[16] 9.3 / 37 3,000[16] 4.0 Yes Operational
Cygnus (enhanced)  USA Northrop Grumman Antares 230
Antares 230+
Atlas V 401
Antares 330
Falcon 9 		6.34 1,800[17] 3,750 27[17] None 3.07 No Operational
Tianzhou (improved)  China CAST Long March 7 10.6 14,000 7,400[lower-alpha 8][14] 22.5 (~40 total) None 3.35 Yes Operational
Dream Chaser Cargo System (reusable)  USA Sierra Nevada Corporation Vulcan Centaur 5,000 / 500[18] 1,750[18] Yes Development
HTV-X  Japan JAXA H3 Launch Vehicle[19] 10[lower-alpha 9] 8,300 16,000, combined[20] 4,069 / 1,750 78[lower-alpha 10] 4.4 1,000 No[lower-alpha 11] Development[21]
Cygnus (Mission B)  USA Northrop Grumman Antares 330 5,000
Dragon XL  USA SpaceX Falcon 9 5,000[22] None Yes[22] Development[23]
Argo  Europe Rocket Factory Augsburg AG (RFA) Launch Vehicle Ambiguous 3,400 <13 Greater than or equal to 1 Ton [24] Yes Development[25]
NYX  Europe The Exploration Company Launch Vehicle Ambiguous 4,000 2500 pressurized and 100 unpressurized[26] Yes Development[27]
Unmanned resupply spacecraft comparison.png

Notes

  1. ↑ With optional Raduga capsule.
  2. ↑ 4,200kg dry mass + 6,000kg up mass
  3. ↑ In any combination of pressurized or unpressurized.
  4. ↑ 34 unpressurized with extended trunk
  5. ↑ Capsule return.
  6. ↑ With optional HSRC.
  7. ↑ Including propellant.
  8. ↑ Including propellant.
  9. ↑ 10 with cargo module, 6.2 without.
  10. ↑ Combined.
  11. ↑ Technology trial of an automated IDSS docking port fitted in place of unpressurised cargo module being planned.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Progress M". http://www.astronautix.com/craft/proressm.htm. Retrieved 29 May 2012. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Cygnus Fast Sheet". Orbital Sciences Co.. http://www.orbital.com/NewsInfo/Publications/Cygnus_fact.pdf. Retrieved 7 August 2013. 
  3. ↑ "The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2012". Federal Aviation Administration. February 2012. http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ast/media/The_Annual_Compendium_of_Commercial_Space_Transporation_2012.pdf. Retrieved 8 February 2013. 
  4. ↑ "SpaceX Brochure v7". http://www.spacex.com/SpaceX_Brochure_V7_All.pdf. Retrieved 29 May 2012. 
  5. ↑ Bergin, Chris (19 October 2012). "Dragon enjoying ISS stay, despite minor issues – Falcon 9 investigation begins". NASASpaceflight.com. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2012/10/dragon-iss-stay-minor-issues-falcon-9-investigation/. Retrieved 21 October 2012. "CRS-2 will debut the use of Dragon's Trunk section, capable of delivering unpressurized cargo, prior to the payload being removed by the ISS' robotic assets after berthing." 
  6. ↑ "Overall Dragon Capabilities". http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/pdf/DragonLabFactSheet.pdf. 
  7. ↑ "Falcon 9 launches Dragon on CRS-1 mission to the ISS". 7 October 2012. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2012/10/falcon-9loft-dragon-crs-1-mission-iss-attempt1/. 
  8. ↑ "Dragonlab Datasheet". http://www.spacex.com/downloads/dragonlab-datasheet.pdf. Retrieved 29 May 2012. 
  9. ↑ Clark, Stephen. "With successful splashdown, SpaceX retires first version of Dragon spacecraft – Spaceflight Now" (in en-US). https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/04/07/spacex-retires-first-version-of-dragon-spacecraft/. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "ESA Automated Transfer Vehicle". ESA. http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Human_Spaceflight/ATV/Automated_Transfer_Vehicle. Retrieved 7 August 2013. 
  11. ↑ "ATV Utilization Relevant Data". http://esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/ATV/FS003_12_ATV_updated_launch_2008.pdf. Retrieved 29 May 2012. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 "JAXA transition examination of the new space station supply machine (HTV-X)". JAXA. http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2017/12/files/20171206_HTV-X.pdf. Retrieved 6 February 2018. 
  13. ↑ "HTV 搭載小型回収カプセルの開発" (in ja). Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. 12 November 2014. https://repository.exst.jaxa.jp/dspace/bitstream/a-is/558012/2/AC1500096000.pdf. Retrieved 2016-10-21. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Jones, Andrew (10 May 2023). "Tianzhou-6 cargo spacecraft reaches China's Tiangong space station". spacenews.com. https://www.spacenews.com/tianzhou-6-cargo-spacecraft-reaches-chinas-tiangong-space-station/. 
  15. ↑ "Upgraded Progress MS docks with the ISS". NASASpaceflight.com. 23 December 2015. http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/12/upgraded-progress-ms-iss-launch/. Retrieved 26 December 2015. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 "Dragon". https://www.spacex.com/dragon. Retrieved 11 April 2020. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Cygnus Spacecraft Information". http://www.spaceflight101.com/cygnus-spacecraft-information.html. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Sierra Nevada Hopes Dream Chaser Finds "Sweet Spot" of ISS Cargo Competition". SpaceNews. 18 March 2015. http://spacenews.com/sierra-nevada-hopes-dream-chaser-finds-sweet-spot-of-iss-cargo-competition. Retrieved 20 February 2016. 
  19. ↑ "H3,H-IIA/Bのミッション割当て(案)" (in ja). MEXT. 8 March 2016. http://www8.cao.go.jp/space/comittee/27-kiban/kiban-dai14/siryou1-2.pdf. Retrieved 2016-03-10. 
  20. ↑ "HTV-X, the new unmanned spacecraft now being developed by JAXA". JAXA. https://humans-in-space.jaxa.jp/en/htv-x/. 
  21. ↑ Funding for HTV-X development was included in the FY 2016 JAXA budget
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 "NASA picks SpaceX to deliver cargo to Gateway station in lunar orbit – Spaceflight Now" (in en-US). https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/03/27/nasa-picks-spacex-to-deliver-cargo-to-gateway-station-in-lunar-orbit/. 
  23. ↑ Foust, Jeff (2023-02-24). "NASA plans to start work this year on first Gateway logistics mission" (in en-US). https://spacenews.com/nasa-plans-to-start-work-this-year-on-first-gateway-logistics-mission/. 
  24. ↑ Parsonson, Andrew (20 September 2023). "RFA-Led Consortium Submit Argo for ESA Commercial Cargo Initiative". https://europeanspaceflight.com/rfa-led-consortium-submit-argo-for-esa-commercial-cargo-initiative/. 
  25. ↑ Rocket Factory Augsburg. "One (c)argo capsule, tons of possibilities!". https://twitter.com/rfa_space/status/1704888661811110020?t=v0Ff6KeuWHr1ebs2isR_0A&s=19. 
  26. ↑ Parsonson, Andrew (23 February 2022). "The Exploration Company aims to offer Europe independent access to space". https://europeanspaceflight.com/the-exploration-company-aims-to-offer-europe-independent-access-to-space/. 
  27. ↑ The Exploration Company. "Missions". https://www.exploration.space/missions. 



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