Engineering:Kosmos (rocket family)
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Short description: Soviet and Russian family of space launch vehicles
The Kosmos (also spelled Cosmos, Russian: Ко́смос) rockets were a series of Soviet and subsequently Russian rockets, derived from the R-12 and R-14 missiles,[1][2] the best known of which is the Kosmos-3M, which has made over 440 launches. The Kosmos family contained a number of rockets, both carrier rockets and sounding rockets, for orbital and sub-orbital spaceflight respectively. The first variant, the Kosmos-2I, first flew on 27 October 1961. Over 700 Kosmos rockets have been launched overall.
Variants
| Designation | GRAU index | Purpose | Derived from | Maiden flight | Final flight | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kosmos[3] | 63S1 | Carrier rocket | R-12 | 27 October 1961 | 19 December 1967 | |
| Kosmos-1 | 65S3 | Carrier rocket | R-14 | 18 August 1964 | 28 December 1965 | |
| Kosmos-2M | 63S1M | Both | R-12 | |||
| Kosmos-2I | 11K63 | Carrier rocket | R-12 | 24 May 1966 | 18 June 1977 | |
| Kosmos-3 | 11K65 | Carrier rocket | R-14 | 16 November 1966 | 27 August 1968 | |
| Kosmos-3M | 11K65M | Carrier rocket | R-14 | 15 May 1967 | 27 April 2010 | |
| Kosmos-3MR | 65MR | Sounding rocket | R-14 | 1 January 1973 | Active | |
| Kosmos-3MP | 65MP | Sounding rocket | R-14 | |||
| Kosmos-3MRB | 65MRB | Sounding rocket | R-14 | 5 December 1980 | 21 June 1988 |
Launches
See also
- R-7 family
References
- ↑ Wade, Mark. "Kosmos 2". Encyclopedia Astronautica. http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/kosmos2.htm.
- ↑ Wade, Mark. "Kosmos 3". Encyclopedia Astronautica. http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/kosmos3.htm.
- ↑ "Kosmos / Kosmos-2". https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/kosmos-2.htm.
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