List of codecs

Short description: none

The following is a list of compression formats and related codecs.

Audio compression formats

Main page: Audio coding format

Non-compression

Linear pulse-code modulation (LPCM, generally only described as PCM) is the format for uncompressed audio in media files and it is also the standard for CD-DA; note that in computers, LPCM is usually stored in container formats such as WAV, AIFF, or AU, or as raw audio format, although not technically necessary.
- FFmpeg
Pulse-density modulation (PDM)
- Direct Stream Digital (DSD) is standard for Super Audio CD
  - foobar2000 Super Audio CD Decoder (based on MPEG-4 DST reference decoder)
  - FFmpeg (based on dsd2pcm)
Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM)

Lossless compression

Actively used
- Most popular
  - Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)^[1]
    - libFLAC
    - FFmpeg
  - Apple Lossless Audio Codec (ALAC)
    - Apple QuickTime
    - libalac
    - FFmpeg
    - Apple Music^[2]
  - Monkey's Audio (APE)
    - Monkey's Audio SDK
    - FFmpeg (decoder only)
  - OptimFROG (OFR)
  - Tom's verlustfreier Audiokompressor (TAK)
    - TAK SDK
    - FFmpeg (decoder only)
  - WavPack (WV)
    - libwavpack
    - FFmpeg
  - True Audio (TTA)
    - libtta
    - FFmpeg
  - Windows Media Audio Lossless (WMAL)
    - Windows Media Encoder
    - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Other
  - DTS-HD Master Audio, also known as DTS++ and DCA XLL
    - libdca (decoder only)
    - FFmpeg (decoder only)
  - Dolby TrueHD – Standard for DVD-Audio in Blu-ray (mathematically based on MLP)
    - FFmpeg
  - Meridian Lossless Packing (MLP), also known as Packed PCM (PPCM) – Standard for DVD-Audio in DVD
    - FFmpeg
  - MPEG-4 Audio Lossless Coding (MPEG-4 ALS)
    - SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
    - FFmpeg (decoding only)
  - MPEG-4 Scalable Lossless Coding (MPEG-4 SLS) – Parts of it are used in HD-AAC.
    - SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
  - RealAudio Lossless
    - RealPlayer
    - FFmpeg (decoding only)
  - BFDLAC (BFD Lossless Audio Compression).^[3] Ongoing development.
    - FXpansion's BFD3 drum software. (2013-2017)
- Oddball
  - ATRAC Advanced Lossless (AAL) – Extremely unpopular
    - FFmpeg (lossy decoder only)
  - Direct Stream Transfer (DST) - Only used for Direct Stream Digital
    - SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
    - FFmpeg (decoder only)
  - Original Sound Quality (OSQ) - Only used in WaveLab
    - FFmpeg (decoding only)
Discontinued
- Lossless Audio (LA)^[4] – No update for 10+ years
- Shorten (SHN)^[5] – Officially discontinued.
  - libshn
  - FFmpeg (decoding only)
- Lossless Predictive Audio Compression (LPAC) – Predecessor of MPEG-4 ALS
- Lossless Transform Audio Compression (LTAC) – Predecessor of LPAC
- MPEG-1 Audio Layer III HD (mp3HD) – Officially discontinued
- RK Audio (RKAU)^[6] – Officially discontinued
  - FFmpeg (decoding only)

Lossy compression

Discrete cosine transform (DCT)
- Modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT, used in most of the audio codecs listed below)

General/Speech hybrid

Unified Speech and Audio Coding (USAC, MPEG-D Part 3, ISO/IEC 23003-3)
- exhale (encoder only; open source)
IETF standards:
- Opus (RFC 6716) – based on SILK vocoder and CELT codec
  - libopus
  - FFmpeg (decoding and experimental encoding)
IETF Internet Draft
- IPMR Speech Codec^[7] - used in Spirit DSP's TeamSpirit Voice&Video Engine^[8]

Neural audio codecs

Lyra (codec) - used in Google Duo
Lyra V2 - based on SoundStream neural codec
Satin (used by Microsoft Teams)
Facebook EnCodec

General

Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation (ADPCM, also called adaptive delta pulse-code modulation)
Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding (ATRAC, used in MiniDisc devices)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
ATSC/ETSI standards:
- Dolby Digital (AC3, ATSC A/52, ETSI TS 102 366)
  - FFmpeg
  - liba52 (decoder only)
- Dolby Digital Plus (E-AC-3, ATSC A/52:2012 Annex E, ETSI TS 102 366 Annex E)
  - FFmpeg
- DTS Coherent Acoustics (DTS, Digital Theatre System Coherent Acoustics, ETSI TS 102 114)
  - FFmpeg
  - libdca (decoder only)
- Dolby AC-4 (ETSI TS 103 190)
Impala Blackbird audio codec
ITU standards:
- G.719
- G.722
  - FFmpeg
- G.722.1 (subset of Siren7) and G.722.1 Annex C (subset of Siren14)
  - libg722_1
  - libsiren (part of libmsn and msn-pecan)
- G.722.2
  - 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation^[9]
  - opencore-amr (decoder)
  - VisualOn AMR-WB encoder
  - FFmpeg (decoding only)
- EVS
MPEG-1 Audio and MPEG-2 Audio
- layer I (MP1) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- layer II (MP2) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
  - FFmpeg
  - tooLame (encoding only)
  - twoLame (encoding only)
- layer III (MP3) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
  - FFmpeg (decoding only)
  - LAME (encoding only)
- Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) (MPEG-2 Part 7)
  - FAAC (encoder) and FAAD (decoder)
  - FFmpeg
  - iTunes
  - Nero AAC Codec
  - VisualOn AAC Encoder (a.k.a. libvo_aacenc)
  - Fraunhofer FDK AAC
  - libaacplus
MPEG-4 Audio
- Advanced Audio Coding (AAC, MPEG-4 Part 3 subpart 4), HE-AAC and AAC-LD
  - FAAC, FAAD2
  - FFmpeg
  - iTunes
  - Nero AAC Codec
  - MPEG-4 AAC reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
- Harmonic and Individual Lines and Noise (HILN, MPEG-4 Parametric Audio Coding)
  - MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
- TwinVQ
  - MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
  - FFmpeg (decoding only)
- BSAC (Bit-Sliced Arithmetic Coding)
  - MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
MPEG-H
- MPEG-H 3D Audio
Musepack (a.k.a. MPEGplus)
- Musepack SV8 Tools
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
NICAM
AT&T Perceptual Audio Coder
Precision Adaptive Subband Coding (PASC; a variant of MP1; used in Digital Compact Cassette)
QDesign (purchased by DTS)
- QDesign Music Codec – used in Apple QuickTime
  - FFmpeg (decoding only)
PictureTel (purchased by Polycom)
- Siren 7
  - libg722_1
  - libsiren (part of libmsn and msn-pecan)
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Siren 14
  - libg722_1
  - vgmstream (decoder only)
- Siren 22
NTT TwinVQ
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- NTT TwinVQ Encoder, NTT TwinVQ Player
Voxware MetaSound (a variant of NTT TwinVQ)
- Windows Media Player (voxmsdec.ax)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Vorbis
- aoTuV
- FFmpeg
- libvorbis
- Tremor (decoder only)
Windows Media Audio (WMA)
- Windows Media Encoder
- FFmpeg

AES3

SMPTE 302M
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Dolby E
- FFmpeg (decoder only)

Bluetooth

Bluetooth Special Interest Group
- Low Complexity Subband Coding (SBC)
  - BlueZ's SBC library (libsbc)
  - Fluoride Bluetooth stack (successor of BlueDroid)
  - FFmpeg
- CVSD 8 kHz - used in Hands-Free Profile (HFP)
- modified SBC (mSBC) - used in Hands-Free Profile (HFP)
  - BlueZ's SBC library (libsbc)^[10]
  - Fluoride Bluetooth stack
  - FFmpeg
- SBC XQ
  - PulseAudio's bluetooth stack^[11] (encoder only)
  - PipeWire's bluetooth stack^[12] (encoder only)
- LC3 (Low Complexity Communication Codec)
ETSI
- LC3plus (ETSI TS 103 634)
Qualcomm Technologies International (formerly CSR)
- aptX (a.k.a. apt-X)
  - Qualcomm libaptX^[13]
  - FFmpeg
- aptX HD
  - Qualcomm libaptXHD^[13]
  - FFmpeg
- aptX Low Latency
- aptX Adaptive
- FastStream - a variant of SBC codec for bi-directional audio transmission
Sony
- LDAC
  - libldac (encoder only)^[14] - used in Android Oreo
  - libldacdec (decoder only)
HWA Alliance/Savitech
- LHDC^[15]
  - HWA encoder/decoder
- LLAC^[16]
  - HWA encoder/decoder
HiBy
- Ultra Audio Transmission (UAT)
Samsung
- Samsung HD/UHQ-BT codec
- Samsung Scalable codec
- Samsung Seamless codec
MQA
- MQair

Digital radio

Hybrid Digital Coding - used in HD Radio (a.k.a. NRSC-5)
- NRSC-5 receiver for rtl-sdr (decoder only)

Voice

Main page: Speech coding

(low bit rate, optimized for speech)

Linear predictive coding (LPC, used in most of the speech codecs listed below)
- Code-excited linear prediction (CELP)
  - Algebraic code-excited linear prediction (ACELP)
Xiph.Org Foundation
- Speex, patent free^[17]
  - libspeex
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
Dialogic ADPCM (VOX)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
ITU standards:
- G.711 (a-law and μ-law companding; 64kbit/s), also known as PCM of voice frequencies
  - Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation^[18]
  - FFmpeg (libavcodec)
- G.711.0 (G.711 LLC)
- G.711.1 (Wideband extension for G.711; 64/80/96kbit/s)
- G.711.1D (Super-wideband extension for G.711.1; 96/112/128kbit/s)
- G.718 (8/12/16/24/32kbit/s)
- G.718B (Super-wideband extension for G.718; 28–48kbit/s)
- G.719
- G.721 (superseded by G.726; 32kbit/s)
  - Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation^[18]
- G.722 (SB-ADPCM; 48/56/64kbit/s)
  - FFmpeg
- G.722B (Super-wideband extension for G.722; 64/80/96kbit/s)
- G.722.2 (AMR-WB)
  - 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation^[9]
  - opencore-amr (decoder)
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- G.723 (24 and 40 kbit/s DPCM, extension to G.721, superseded by G.726)
  - Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation^[18]
- G.723.1 (MPC-MLQ or ACELP; 5.3/6.3kbit/s)
  - FFmpeg
- G.726 (ADPCM; 16/24/32/40kbit/s)
  - Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation^[18]
  - FFmpeg (libavcodec)
- G.727
  - Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation^[18]
- G.728 (LD-CELP; 16kbit/s)
- G.729 (CS-ACELP; 8kbit/s)
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- G.729a
- G.729b
- G.729ab
- G.729d (6.4kbit/s)
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- G.729e (11.8kbit/s)
- G.729.1 (G.729 Annex J; Wideband extension for G.711; 8–32kbit/s)
- G.729.1E (Super-wideband extension for G.729.1)
Google
- internet Speech Audio Codec (iSAC)
  - WebRTC
Nellymoser Asao Codec
- FFmpeg (libavcodec)
PictureTel PT716, PT716plus
PictureTel PT724
RTAudio – used by Microsoft Live Communication Server
SVOPC – used by Skype
OpenLPC – created by Future Dynamics^[18]
- HawkVoice (libHVDI)
ANSI/SCTE
- ANSI/SCTE 24-21 2006 (BroadVoice16)
  - BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code
- ANSI/SCTE 24-22 2013 (iLBCv2.0)
- ANSI/SCTE 24-23 2007 (BroadVoice32)
  - BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code
IETF RFCs:
- Internet Low Bit Rate Codec (iLBC, RFC 3951) – developed by Global IP Solutions/Google
  - WebRTC
IETF Internet Draft
- SILK (used by Skype)^[19]
- CELT (developed by Xiph.Org Foundation)^[20]
  - libcelt
MPEG-4 Audio
- MPEG-4 CELP
- MPEG-4 HVXC
Skyphone MPLP
Inmarsat
- INMARSAT-M IMBE
- Inmarsat Mini-M AMBE

Microsoft DirectPlay

Those codecs are used by many PC games which use voice chats via Microsoft DirectPlay API.

Voxware MetaVoice
- Windows Media Player (voxmvdec.ax)
Truespeech
- Windows Media Player (tssoft32.acm)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
MS GSM
- Windows Media Player (msgsm32.acm)
- libgsm
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
MS-ADPCM
- Windows Media Player (msadp32.acm)
- FFmpeg

Digital Voice Recorder

International Voice Association (IVA) standards:
- Digital Speech Standard / Standard Play (DSS-SP)
  - FFmpeg (decoding only)
- Digital Speech Standard / Quality Play (DSS-QP)
Sony LPEC
Truespeech Triple Rate CODER (TRC)^[21] – used in some pocket recorders
Micronas [de] Intermetall MI-SC4 - used by voice recorders such as RadioShack Digital Recorder^[22] and I-O DATA [ja] HyperHyde^[23]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)

Mobile phone

Generation 2

European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) GSM
- Full Rate (GSM 06.10, RPE-LTP)
  - libgsm
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Half Rate (GSM 06.20, VSELP 5.6kbit/s)
- Enhanced Full Rate (GSM 06.60, ACELP 12.20kbit/s, compatible with AMR mode AMR_12.20)
Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) IS-95 (a.k.a. cdmaOne)
- IS-96A (QCELP 8kbit/s)
- IS-127 (EVRC 8kbit/s)
- IS-733 (QCELP 13kbit/s)
Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) IS-54/IS-136 (a.k.a. Digital AMPS)
- IS-85 (VSELP 8kbit/s)
  - ITU-T G.191's IS-54 implementation
- IS-641 (ACELP 7.4kbit/s, compatible with AMR mode AMR_7.40)
Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) RCR STD-27 (PDC)
- PDC-HR (PSI-CELP 3.45kbit/s)
- PDC-FR (VSELP 11.2kbit/s)
- PDC-EFR CS-ACELP 8kbit/s (a.k.a. G.729)
- PDC-EFR ACELP 6.7kbit/s (compatible with AMR mode AMR_6.70)

Generation 3/4

3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
- Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
  - AMR-NB
    - 3GPP TS 26.073 – AMR speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation^[24]
    - opencore-amr (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrnb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
    - FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
  - AMR-WB
    - 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation^[9]
    - opencore-amr (decoder), from OpenCORE (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrwb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
    - vo-amrwbenc (encoder), from VisualOn, included in Android (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libvo-amrwbenc to incorporate the VisualOn lib)
    - FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options).
  - AMR-WB+
    - 3GPP TS 26.273 – AMR-WB+ speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation^[25]
  - Enhanced Voice Services (EVS)
    - 3GPP TS.26.443 – Codec for Enhanced Voice Services (EVS) – ANSI C code (floating-point)^[26]
3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2)
- Enhanced Variable Rate Codec (EVRC, a.k.a. IS-127) – based on RCELP
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Enhanced Variable Rate Codec B (EVRC-B)
- QCELP (Qualcomm Code Excited Linear Prediction)
  - QCELP-8 (a.k.a. SmartRate or IS-96C)
    - FFmpeg (decoder only)
  - QCELP-13 (a.k.a. PureVoice or IS-733)
    - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Selectable Mode Vocoder (SMV)
- Variable Multi Rate – WideBand (VMR-WB)

Professional mobile radio

APCO
- Project 25 Phase 2 Enhanced Full-Rate (AMBE+2 4400bit/s with 2800bit/s FEC)
- Project 25 Phase 2 Half-Rate (AMBE+2 2450bit/s with 1150bit/s FEC) – also used in NXDN and DMR
  - mbelib (decoder only)
- Project 25 Phase 1 Full Rate (IMBE 7200bit/s)
  - mbelib (decoder only)
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
- ETS 300 395-2 (TETRA ACELP 4.6kbit/s)
TETRAPOL
- RPCELP 6kbit/s
D-STAR Digital Voice (AMBE 2400bit/s with 1200bit/s FEC)
- mbelib (decoder only)
Professional Digital Trunking System Industry Association (PDT Alliance) standards:
- NVOC – used in China
Spirit DSP RALCWI
DSPINI
- SPR Robust
- TWELP Robust
Codec2
- libcodec2
RL-CELP (used in Japanese railways^[27]^[28])

Military

U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Federal Standard:
- FS-1015 (a.k.a. LPC-10)
  - HawkVoice (libHVDI)
- FS-1016 (CELP)
  - HawkVoice (libHVDI)
- FS-1023 (CVSD 12kbit/s)
United States Military Standard (MIL-STD)
- MIL-STD-188 113 (CVSD 16kbit/s and 32kbit/s)
  - SoX (libsox)
- MIL-STD-3005 (a.k.a. MELP)
  - Texas Instruments' 2.4 kbit/s MELP Proposed Federal Standard speech coder
NATO
- STANAG 4198 (a.k.a. LPC-10e)
  - SpanDSP (open source)
- STANAG-4591 (a.k.a. MELPe)
  - Microsoft Speech coder
BBN NRV – developed in DARPA program^[29]

Video games

Bink Audio, Smacker Audio
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Actimagine (Nintendo European Research & Development) FastAudio^[30]
- MobiclipDecoder (decoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Nintendo GCADPCM^[31] (a.k.a. DSP ADPCM or THP ADPCM) - used in GameCube, Wii and Nintendo 3DS .
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- VGAudio
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Sony VAG^[31] (a.k.a. Sony PSX ADPCM)
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Sony HEVAG^[31] - used in PS Vita.^[32]
- vgmstream (decoder only)
Sony ATRAC9^[31] - used in PS4 and PS Vita.
- VGAudio (decoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Microsoft XMA^[31] - WMA variants for Xbox 360 hardware decoding.^[33]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Xbox ADPCM
- vgmstream (decoder only)
CRI ADX ADPCM
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- VGAudio
- FFmpeg
CRI HCA/HCA-MX - used in CRI ADX2 middleware.^[34]
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- VGAudio
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- libcgss
- HCADecoder (decoder only)
FMOD FADPCM^[35]
- vgmstream (decoder only)

Text compression formats

Video compression formats

Main page: Video coding format

Non-compression

RGB 4:4:4 (only linear, transfer-converted and bit-reduced also sort of compression up to about 3:1 for HDR)
YUV 4:4:4/4:2:2/4:1:1/4:2:0 (all lower 4:4:4 is spatially compressed up to 2:1 for 4:2:0 with specific colour distortions).
- Intel IYUV
10-bit uncompressed video
Composite digital signal - used by SMPTE D-2 and D-3 broadcast digital videocassettes
Avid DNxUncompressed
V210

Analog signals

PAL broadcast signal
- Pyctools-PAL (open source)
NTSC broadcast signal
- gr-ntsc (open source)
LaserDisc RF signal
- ld-decode (open source)
VHS / S-VHS / U-Matic RF signal
- VHS-Decode (open source)
Composite Video Baseband Signal (CVBS)
- VHS-Decode's CVBS-Decode (open source)

Lossless video compression

ITU-T/ISO/IEC standards:
- H.264 lossless
  - x264 (encoder only)
  - FFmpeg (decoder only, uses x264 for encoding)
- H.265 lossless^[36]
  - x265 (encoder only)
  - UHDcode (decoder only, uses x265 to read HEVC encoded files)^[37]
  - FFmpeg (decoder only, uses x265 for encoding)^[38]^[39]
- Motion JPEG 2000 lossless
  - libopenjpeg
- JPEG XS lossless
  - FastTICO-XS
IETF standards:
- FFV1 (RFC 9043)^[40] – FFV1's compression factor is comparable to Motion JPEG 2000, but based on quicker algorithms (allows real-time capture). Written by Michael Niedermayer and published as part of FFmpeg under GNU LGPL.
  - FFmpeg
SMPTE standards:
- VC-2 HQ lossless (a.k.a. Dirac Pro lossless)
  - libdirac
  - libschroedinger
Alparysoft Lossless Video Codec (Alpary)
Apple Animation (QuickTime RLE)
- QuickTime
- FFmpeg
ArithYuv
AV1
- libaom
AVIzlib
- LCL (VfW codec) MSZH and ZLIB^[41]
- FFmpeg
Autodesk Animator Codec (AASC)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
CAI Format
CamStudio GZIP/LZO
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Chennai Codec (EVX-1)
- Cairo Experimental Video Codec (open source)
Dxtory
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
FastCodec
Flash Screen Video v1/v2^[42]
- FFmpeg
FM Screen Capture Codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Fraps codec (FPS1)^[43]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Grass Valley Lossless
- Grass Valley Codec Option
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Huffyuv Huffyuv (or HuffYUV) was written by Ben Rudiak-Gould and published under the terms of the GNU GPL as free software, meant to replace uncompressed YCbCr as a video capture format. It uses very little CPU but takes a lot of disk space. See also ffvhuff which is an "FFmpeg only" version of it.
- FFmpeg
IgCodec
Intel RLE
innoHeim/Rsupport Screen Capture Codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Lagarith A more up-to-date fork of Huffyuv is available as Lagarith^[44]
- Lagarith Codec (VfW codec)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
LOCO^[45] - based on JPEG-LS
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
MagicYUV^[46]
- MagicYUV SDK
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Microsoft RLE (MSRLE)
- FFmpeg
MSU Lossless Video Codec
MSU Screen Capture Lossless
CorePNG [de] - based on PNG
- FFmpeg
ScreenPresso (SPV1)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
ScreenPressor^[47] - a successor of MSU Screen Capture Lossless
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
SheerVideo
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Snow lossless
- FFmpeg
TechSmith Screen Capture Codec (TSCC)^[48]
- EnSharpen Video Codec for QuickTime
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Toponoky
Ut Video Codec Suite^[49]^[50]
- libutvideo
- FFmpeg
VBLE^[51]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
VMnc VMware screen codec^[52] - used by VMware Workstation
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
VP9 by Google^[53]
- libvpx
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
YULS
ZeroCodec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
ZMBV (Zip Motion Block Video) Codec - used by DOSBox
- FFmpeg

Lossless game codecs

DXA
- ScummVM Tools (encoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)

Lossy compression

Discrete cosine transform (DCT, used in Digital Betacam^[54] and most of the video codecs listed below)

General

ITU-T/ISO/IEC standards:
- H.120
- H.261 (a.k.a. Px64)
  - FFmpeg H.261 (libavcodec)
  - Microsoft H.263
- MPEG-1 Part 2 (MPEG-1 Video)
  - FFmpeg
  - MainConcept MPEG-1
  - TMPGEnc
- H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2 (MPEG-2 Video)
  - Canopus ProCoder
  - Cinema Craft Encoder
  - FFmpeg
  - InterVideo Video Decoder
  - MainConcept MPEG-2
  - Microsoft H.263
  - TMPGEnc
- H.263
  - FFmpeg H.263 (libavcodec)
- MPEG-4 Part 2 (MPEG-4 Advanced Simple Profile)
  - 3ivx
  - DivX
  - libavcodec
  - HDX4
  - Nero Digital
  - Xvid
- H.264/MPEG-4 AVC or MPEG-4 Part 10 (MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding), approved for Blu-ray
  - CoreAVC (decoder only; limited to below Hi10P profile)
  - MainConcept
  - Nero Digital
  - QuickTime H.264
  - Sorenson AVC Pro codec, Sorenson's new implementation
  - OpenH264 (baseline profile only)
  - x264 (encoder only; supports some of Hi422P and Hi444PP features)
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- MPEG-4 AVC variants:
  - MPEG-4 Web Video Coding or MPEG-4 Part 29 – a subset of MPEG-4 AVC baseline profile
  - XAVC
- HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding, H.265, MPEG-H part 2)
  - x265 (encoder only)
- Versatile Video Coding (H.266, VVC)
  - VVC Test Model (VTM reference software for VVC; open source)
  - Fraunhofer Versatile Video Decoder (open source; decoder only)
  - Fraunhofer Versatile Video Encoder (open source; encoder only)
- Video Coding for Browsers (VCB)/VP8 (MPEG-4 Part 31, ISO/IEC 14496-31, RFC 6386)
  - libvpx
  - FFmpeg
- Internet Video Coding (ISO/IEC 14496-33, MPEG-4 IVC)
- Essential Video Coding (EVC; MPEG-5 Part 1; under-development)
  - eXtra-fast Essential Video Encoder (open source; encoder only)
  - eXtra-fast Essential Video Decoder (open source; decoder only)
- LCEVC, MPEG-5 Part 2 (Low Complexity Enhancement Video Coding)
IETF Internet Draft (NETVC)
- xvc^[55]
  - Divideon's reference implementation (open source)
- Thor^[56] (forms the basis of AV1)
  - Cisco's reference implementation (open source)
SMPTE standards:
- VC-1 (SMPTE 421M, subset of Windows Media Video)
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Dirac (SMPTE 2042-1)
  - Schrödinger
  - dirac-research
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
Alliance for Open Media
- AV1 (AOMedia Video 1)
  - libaom
  - SVT-AV1
  - rav1e (encoder only)
  - dav1d (decoder only)
  - libgav1 (decoder only)
Xiph.Org Foundation
- Daala (under development, basis (alongside other formats) of AV1)
  - libdaala (open source)
- Theora (based on VP3)
  - FFmpeg (decoding only)
  - libtheora (open source)
Apple Video (Apple RPZA)
- QuickTime
- FFmpeg
Blackbird FORscene video codec
Firebird^[57] Original FORscene video codec
Digital Video Interactive standards:
- RTV 2.1 (a.k.a. Indeo 2)
  - FFmpeg (decoder only)
- PLV (Production Level Video)
  - ActionMedia II driver (decoder only)
Indeo 3^[58]/4/5^[59]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Microsoft Video 1 (MSV1, MS-CRAM, based on MotiVE)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Open Media Commons standards:
- OMS Video (based on H.261)
On2 Technologies TrueMotion VP3/VP4, VP5, VP6, VP7; under the name The Duck Corporation: TrueMotion S, TrueMotion 2, TrueMotion RT 2.0
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
RealVideo 1, G2, 8, 9 and 10
- FFmpeg
- RealMedia HD SDK
RealVideo Fractal Codec (a.k.a. Iterated Systems ClearVideo)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
RealMedia HD (a.k.a. RealVideo 11)
- RealMedia HD SDK
Snow Wavelet Codec
Sorenson Video,^[60] Sorenson Spark
- FFmpeg
VP9 by Google; VP10 was not released and instead was integrated into AV1
- libvpx
- FFmpeg
Windows Media Video (WMV)
- WAX (Part of the Windows Media Series)
- FFmpeg
Guobiao standards (GB/T)
- Audio Video Standard (AVS)
  - AVS1-P2 (GB/T 20090.2-2006) - used in China Blue High-definition Disc.
    - FFmpeg (decoding only)
  - AVS1-P7 (AVS-M; under-development)
  - AVS2-P2 (GB/T 33475.2-2016, IEEE 1857.4 (draft))
    - uAVS2 Encoder
    - xavs2 (encoder only)
    - davs2 (libdavs2; decoder only)
  - AVS3-P2 (draft, IEEE1857.10)
    - uavs3e (encoder only)
    - uavs3d (decoder only)

Scalable

VP8,^[61] VP9,^[61] AV1,^[61] and H.266/VVC support scalable modes by default.

Scalable Video Coding (H.264/SVC; an extension of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC)
Scalable High Efficiency Video Coding (SHVC; an extension of H.265/HEVC)

Intra-frame-only

Motion JPEG
- FFmpeg
- Morgan Multimedia M-JPEG^[62]
- Pegasus PICVideo M-JPEG
- MainConcept M-JPEG
ISO/IEC standard
- Motion JPEG 2000 (ISO/IEC 15444-3, ITU-T T.802)
  - libopenjpeg
  - FFmpeg
  - Morgan Multimedia M-JPEG2000^[63]
  - Morgan Multimedia dcpPlayer (decoder only)^[64]
- JPEG XS (ISO/IEC 21122) Lightweight Low latency video codec
  - intoPIX fastTICO-XS^[65]
- DV (IEC 61834)
  - FFmpeg
- MPEG-4 SStP (ISO/IEC 14496-2)
  - FFmpeg^[66]
- Motion JPEG XR (ISO/IEC 29199-3, ITU-T T.833)
- Animated JPEG XL (ISO/IEC 18181)
  - libjxl^[67]
Apple ProRes 422/4444
- FFmpeg
Apple Intermediate Codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Apple Pixlet
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
AVC-Intra
- x264 (encoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
AVC-Ultra – a subset of MPEG-4 AVC Hi444PP profile
XAVC-I
CineForm HD
- CineForm-SDK – developed by GoPro (open source)
- FFmpeg
SMPTE standard
- VC-2 SMPTE standard (a.k.a. Dirac Pro. SMPTE ST 2042)
  - Schrödinger
  - dirac-research
  - VC-2 Reference Encoder and Decoder – developed by BBC (open source)
  - FFmpeg (the encoder only supports VC-2 HQ profile)
- VC-3 SMPTE standard (SMPTE ST 2019)
  - Avid DNxHD
  - FFmpeg
- VC-5 SMPTE standard (SMPTE ST 2073; a superset of CineForm HD)
Grass Valley HQ/HQA/HQX
- Grass Valley Codec Option
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
NewTek NT25
NewTek SpeedHQ - used in Network Device Interface (NDI) protocol
- NewTek Codec^[68]
- FFmpeg

Stereoscopic 3D

Multiview Video Coding

Security and surveillance cameras

Guobiao standards (GB/T)
- AVS-S-P2 (suspended^[69])
- SVAC (GB/T 25724-2010)
Infinity CCTV Codec (IMM4/IMM5/IMM6)
- FFmpeg^[70]^[71] (IMM4 and IMM5 decoder only)

CD-ROM or CD-related video codecs

CDXL codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Cinepak^[72] (a.k.a. Apple Compact Video)
- FFmpeg
Photo CD codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
MotionPixels - used in MovieCD
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
CD+G (CD+Graphics) codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- VLC (decoder only)
CD+EG (CD+Extended Graphics) codec

Network video codecs

SMPTE RDD
- LLVC (Low Latency Video Codec; SMPTE RDD 34) - used in Networked Media Interface (NMI; SMPTE RDD 40)
HEVC-SCC (Screen Content Coding Extensions)
ZRLE (RFC 6143 7.7.6) - used by VNC
Sun Microsystems's CellB video (RTP playload type 25) - used in Solaris's SunVideo Plus^[73] and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's vic (Video Conferencing Tool)^[74]
Xerox PARC's Network Video (nv; RTP playload type 28) - used in Xerox's nv and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's vic (Video Conferencing Tool)
CU-SeeMe video codec
GoToMeeting codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)

Bayer video codecs

CinemaDNG (created by Adobe; used in Blackmagic cameras)
Redcode RAW (used in RED cameras) – a modified version of JPEG 2000^[75]
- libredcode
ArriRaw (used in Arri cameras)
Cineform RAW (used in Silicon Imaging cameras)
- CineForm-SDK
Blackmagic RAW (used in Blackmagic cameras)
- Blackmagic RAW SDK
Cintel RAW (used in Cintel Scanner^[76])
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Apple ProRes RAW
intoPIX TICO RAW^[77]
- intoPIX fastTICO-RAW SDK & TICO-RAW FPGA/ASIC libraries^[78]
Canon CRX - used in Canon Cinema Raw Light movie
- Canon RAW Plugin for Avid Media Access
- LibRaw (decoder only; open source)

Video games

Bink Video, Smacker video
- FFmpeg
- libavcodec
Nintendo Mobiclip video codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
CRI Sofdec codec - a MPEG variant with 11-bit DC and color space correction;^[79] used in Sofdec middleware
CRI P256 - used in Sofdec middleware for Nintendo DS^[80]
Indeo Video Interactive (aka Indeo 4/5) - used in PC games for Microsoft Windows
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Intel Indeo Video

Real-time

RivaTuner video codec (RTV1/RTV2)
- FFmpeg (RTV1 decoder only)
Hap/Hap Alpha/Hap Q
- VIDVOX hap codec
- FFmpeg
DXV Codec
- Resolume DXV Codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
NotchLC
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
VESA Display Stream Compression (DSC)
VESA Display Compression-M (VDC-M)

References

↑ FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), Version 1.1.2 Library of Congress
↑ "About lossless audio in Apple Music". 25 October 2021. https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212183.
↑ "BFDLAC: A Fast lossless Audio Compression Algorithm For Drum Sounds". http://acmc2015.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/McDonald-2015-BFDLAC-A-FAST-LOSSLESS-AUDIO-COMPRESSION-ALGORITHM-FOR-DRUM-SOUNDS-OR-SIZE-ISN%E2%80%99T-EVERYTHING.pdf.
↑ "Lossless Audio Homepage". http://www.lossless-audio.com/index.htm.
↑ Shorten Lossless Audio Compression Format (SHN), Version 3.5.1 Library of Congress
↑ "RK Audio - Hydrogenaudio Knowledgebase". http://wiki.hydrogenaud.io/index.php?title=RK_Audio.
↑ IPMR Speech Codec - draft-spiritdsp-ipmr-01.txt IETF
↑ TeamSpirit Voice&Video Engine PC. Spirit DSP
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.173 - AMR-WB speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09
↑ Release of sbc-1.1, BlueZ Project, April 30, 2013
↑ PulseAudio 15 Released With Bluetooth Improvements, Better Hardware Support. Phoronix. July 28, 2021
↑ PipeWire: Bluetooth support status update. Collabora. April 29, 2022
↑ ^13.0 ^13.1 Integration of the aptX and aptX-HD codecs for A2DP source, Android Open Source Project, January 4, 2017
↑ The contribution of LDAC encoder, Android Open Source Project, January 10, 2017
↑ "What is LHDC" (in en). https://www.hwa-lhdc.org/how-it-works.
↑ "What is LLAC™?". https://www.lhdc-audio.org/copy-of-what-is-lhdc. ^{[|permanent dead link|dead link}}]}
↑ Speex Audio Codec, Version 1.2 Library of Congress
↑ ^18.0 ^18.1 ^18.2 ^18.3 ^18.4 ^18.5 Finding voice codecs for free software. Linux.com. October 14, 2005
↑ SILK Speech Codec - draft-vos-silk-02 IETF
↑ Constrained-Energy Lapped Transform (CELT) Codec - draft-valin-celt-codec-02 IETF
↑ DSP Group Unveils Total Telephony Solutions(TM) For Digital Cordless Telephony Applications PRNewswire
↑ RadioShack Digital Recorder OWNER'S MANUAL p.38. RadioShack. 2002.
↑ HyperHyde Operation Manual. p.40. I-O DATA. 2000.
↑ 3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.073 - AMR speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-08.
↑ 3GPP (2008-12-18) 3GPP TS 26.273 - AMR-WB+ speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09
↑ 3GPP TS 26.443. Codec for Enhanced Voice Services (EVS); ANSI C code (floating-point).
↑ INFORMATION COLLECTION SURVEY FOR THE MEGA MANILA SUBWAY PROJECT IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Japan International Cooperation Agency September, 2015
↑ 東北上越新幹線デジタル列車無線システムの開発 (in Japanese) East Japan Railway Company 2003
↑ Obranovich, Charles R.; Golusky, John M.; Preuss, Robert D.; Fabbri, Darren R.; Cruthirds, Daniel R.; Aylward, Erin M.; Freebersyser, James A.; Kolek, Stephen R. (2010). "300 BPS noise robust vocoder". 2010 - Milcom 2010 Military Communications Conference. pp. 298–303. doi:10.1109/MILCOM.2010.5680311. ISBN 978-1-4244-8178-1.
↑ Actimagine allège le multimédia sur les terminaux portables (in French), IT Industrie & Technologies, June 25, 2004
↑ ^31.0 ^31.1 ^31.2 ^31.3 ^31.4 AudioCompressionFormat, Unity Technologies
↑ Audio Clip, Unity Technologies
↑ Differences Between Windows and Xbox 360, Microsoft
↑ 【ひらブラ vol.37】音数を諦めず／音質を妥協せず／負荷を極小にする方法（iOS&Android） (in Japanese), Kadokawa Dwango, September 26, 2014
↑ FMOD Studio 1.06 and FMOD at GDC expo program announced, Gamasutra, February 17, 2015
↑ "Lossless". x265.readthedocs.io. https://x265.readthedocs.io/en/master/lossless.html.
↑ "HEVC Decoding". x265. https://x265.com/how-to-play-hevc-on-your-pc/hevc-decoding/.
↑ "FFmpeg Now Supports HEVC/H.265 Decoding". phoronix. https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTQ4Njg/.
↑ "Encode/H.265". FFmpeg. http://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Encode/H.265.
↑ Niedermayer, Michael; Rice, Dave; Martinez, Jérôme (August 2021). rfc9043 - FFV1 Video Coding Format Version 0, 1, and 3. https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9043.
↑ "Lossless Codec Libraries". multimedia.cx. http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=ZLIB.
↑ "FFmpeg: libavcodec/flashsv.c File Reference". http://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/flashsv_8c.html.
↑ "FRAPS show fps, record video game movies, screen capture software". https://www.fraps.com/faq.php.
↑ "Lagarith Lossless Video Codec". http://lags.leetcode.net/codec.html.
↑ "LOCO - MultimediaWiki". https://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=LOCO.
↑ "MagicYUV – Lossless video codec". https://www.magicyuv.com/.
↑ "ScreenPressor by Infognition - lossless video codec for screen capture". infognition.com. http://www.infognition.com/ScreenPressor/.
↑ "Downloads". TechSmith. http://www.techsmith.com/codecs.asp.
↑ "#534 (Ut Video Support) – FFmpeg". ffmpeg.org. http://www.ffmpeg.org/trac/ffmpeg/ticket/534.
↑ "Ut Video Codec Suite - a new lossless video codec for Windows! [Archive - Doom9's Forum"]. doom9.org. http://forum.doom9.org/archive/index.php/t-143624.html.
↑ "VBLE - MultimediaWiki". https://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=VBLE.
↑ "VMware Video". multimedia.cx. http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=VMNC.
↑ "The WebM Project - VP8 Encode Parameter Guide". webmproject.org. http://www.webmproject.org/docs/encoder-parameters/#vp9-specific-options.
↑ Medoff, Norman; Fink, Edward J. (September 10, 2012). Portable Video: ENG & EFP. CRC Press. p. 221. ISBN 9781136047701.
↑ Samuelsson, J. and P. Hermansson (July 2, 2018). The xvc video codec. https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-samuelsson-netvc-xvc-01.
↑ Fuldseth, Arild; Bjontegaard, Gisle; Midtskogen, Steinar; Davies, Thomas; Zanaty, Mo (October 31, 2016). Thor Video Codec. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-fuldseth-netvc-thor-03.
↑ "Live demonstration". Forbidden. http://www.forbidden.co.uk/demos/live/.
↑ Indeo Video Codec, Version 3 Library of Congress
↑ Indeo Video Codec, Version 5 Library of Congress
↑ Sorenson Video Codec, Version 3 Library of Congress
↑ ^61.0 ^61.1 ^61.2 Scalable Video Coding (SVC) Extension for WebRTC - 4. Operational model, World Wide Web Consortium, September 26, 2020
↑ "M-JPEG Codec". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. http://www.morgan-multimedia.com/morgan/php/products.php?sProductId=4.
↑ "M-JPEG2000 Codec". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. http://morgan-multimedia.com/morgan/php/products.php?sProductId=5.
↑ "dcpPlayer". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. http://morgan-multimedia.com/products.php?sProductId=1.
↑ "FastTICO-XS Codec". Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium: intoPIX. https://www.intopix.com/fasttico-xs-sdks.
↑ FFmpeg-cvslog - mpeg4video: Add support for MPEG-4 Simple Studio Profile., FFmpeg Project, April 2, 2018
↑ FFmpeg Adds Support For Animated JPEG-XL, Phoronix, June 8, 2023
↑ NewTek Codec Notes NewTek
↑ Achievement, Audio Video Coding Standard Workgroup of China
↑ FFmpeg-cvslog - avcodec: add IMM4 decoder, FFmpeg Project, August 21, 2018
↑ FFmpeg-cvslog - avcodec: add IMM5 decoder, FFmpeg Project, August 29, 2019
↑ Cinepak Library of Congress
↑ SunVideo Plus for PCI User's Guide - Audio Video Conferencing. Oracle
↑ vic: Change History. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
↑ libredcode
↑ Cintel Scanner p.35. Blackmagic Design. May, 2020.
↑ intoPIX Tico Raw is a format with a huge potential
↑ intoPIX Tico Raw
↑ 独自コーデックを搭載したニンテンドーDS版Sofdec (in Japanese) CRI Middleware, May 11, 2006
↑ CRI・ミドルウェア、ゲーム開発者向けブログ「CRIチャンネル」を開設 (in Japanese) Impress Watch Corporation, April 19, 2007

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of codecs. Read more

[1] FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), Version 1.1.2 Library of Congress

[2] "About lossless audio in Apple Music". 25 October 2021. https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212183.

[3] "BFDLAC: A Fast lossless Audio Compression Algorithm For Drum Sounds". http://acmc2015.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/McDonald-2015-BFDLAC-A-FAST-LOSSLESS-AUDIO-COMPRESSION-ALGORITHM-FOR-DRUM-SOUNDS-OR-SIZE-ISN%E2%80%99T-EVERYTHING.pdf.

[4] "Lossless Audio Homepage". http://www.lossless-audio.com/index.htm.

[5] Shorten Lossless Audio Compression Format (SHN), Version 3.5.1 Library of Congress

[6] "RK Audio - Hydrogenaudio Knowledgebase". http://wiki.hydrogenaud.io/index.php?title=RK_Audio.

[7] IPMR Speech Codec - draft-spiritdsp-ipmr-01.txt IETF

[8] TeamSpirit Voice&Video Engine PC. Spirit DSP

[3gpp-amr-wb-9] 9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.173 - AMR-WB speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09

[10] Release of sbc-1.1, BlueZ Project, April 30, 2013

[11] PulseAudio 15 Released With Bluetooth Improvements, Better Hardware Support. Phoronix. July 28, 2021

[12] PipeWire: Bluetooth support status update. Collabora. April 29, 2022

[aosp-aptx-13] 13.0 ^13.1 Integration of the aptX and aptX-HD codecs for A2DP source, Android Open Source Project, January 4, 2017

[14] The contribution of LDAC encoder, Android Open Source Project, January 10, 2017

[15] "What is LHDC" (in en). https://www.hwa-lhdc.org/how-it-works.

[16] "What is LLAC™?". https://www.lhdc-audio.org/copy-of-what-is-lhdc. ^{[|permanent dead link|dead link}}]}

[17] Speex Audio Codec, Version 1.2 Library of Congress

[linuxcom-2005-18] 18.0 ^18.1 ^18.2 ^18.3 ^18.4 ^18.5 Finding voice codecs for free software. Linux.com. October 14, 2005

[19] SILK Speech Codec - draft-vos-silk-02 IETF

[20] Constrained-Energy Lapped Transform (CELT) Codec - draft-valin-celt-codec-02 IETF

[21] DSP Group Unveils Total Telephony Solutions(TM) For Digital Cordless Telephony Applications PRNewswire

[22] RadioShack Digital Recorder OWNER'S MANUAL p.38. RadioShack. 2002.

[23] HyperHyde Operation Manual. p.40. I-O DATA. 2000.

[24] 3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.073 - AMR speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-08.

[25] 3GPP (2008-12-18) 3GPP TS 26.273 - AMR-WB+ speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09

[26] 3GPP TS 26.443. Codec for Enhanced Voice Services (EVS); ANSI C code (floating-point).

[jica-philippines-27] INFORMATION COLLECTION SURVEY FOR THE MEGA MANILA SUBWAY PROJECT IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Japan International Cooperation Agency September, 2015

[28] 東北上越新幹線デジタル列車無線システムの開発 (in Japanese) East Japan Railway Company 2003

[29] Obranovich, Charles R.; Golusky, John M.; Preuss, Robert D.; Fabbri, Darren R.; Cruthirds, Daniel R.; Aylward, Erin M.; Freebersyser, James A.; Kolek, Stephen R. (2010). "300 BPS noise robust vocoder". 2010 - Milcom 2010 Military Communications Conference. pp. 298–303. doi:10.1109/MILCOM.2010.5680311. ISBN 978-1-4244-8178-1.

[30] Actimagine allège le multimédia sur les terminaux portables (in French), IT Industrie & Technologies, June 25, 2004

[unity-codecs-31] 31.0 ^31.1 ^31.2 ^31.3 ^31.4 AudioCompressionFormat, Unity Technologies

[32] Audio Clip, Unity Technologies

[33] Differences Between Windows and Xbox 360, Microsoft

[34] 【ひらブラ vol.37】音数を諦めず／音質を妥協せず／負荷を極小にする方法（iOS&Android） (in Japanese), Kadokawa Dwango, September 26, 2014

[35] FMOD Studio 1.06 and FMOD at GDC expo program announced, Gamasutra, February 17, 2015

[36] "Lossless". x265.readthedocs.io. https://x265.readthedocs.io/en/master/lossless.html.

[37] "HEVC Decoding". x265. https://x265.com/how-to-play-hevc-on-your-pc/hevc-decoding/.

[38] "FFmpeg Now Supports HEVC/H.265 Decoding". phoronix. https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTQ4Njg/.

[39] "Encode/H.265". FFmpeg. http://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Encode/H.265.

[40] Niedermayer, Michael; Rice, Dave; Martinez, Jérôme (August 2021). rfc9043 - FFV1 Video Coding Format Version 0, 1, and 3. https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9043.

[41] "Lossless Codec Libraries". multimedia.cx. http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=ZLIB.

[42] "FFmpeg: libavcodec/flashsv.c File Reference". http://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/flashsv_8c.html.

[43] "FRAPS show fps, record video game movies, screen capture software". https://www.fraps.com/faq.php.

[44] "Lagarith Lossless Video Codec". http://lags.leetcode.net/codec.html.

[45] "LOCO - MultimediaWiki". https://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=LOCO.

[46] "MagicYUV – Lossless video codec". https://www.magicyuv.com/.

[47] "ScreenPressor by Infognition - lossless video codec for screen capture". infognition.com. http://www.infognition.com/ScreenPressor/.

[48] "Downloads". TechSmith. http://www.techsmith.com/codecs.asp.

[49] "#534 (Ut Video Support) – FFmpeg". ffmpeg.org. http://www.ffmpeg.org/trac/ffmpeg/ticket/534.

[50] "Ut Video Codec Suite - a new lossless video codec for Windows! [Archive - Doom9's Forum"]. doom9.org. http://forum.doom9.org/archive/index.php/t-143624.html.

[51] "VBLE - MultimediaWiki". https://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=VBLE.

[52] "VMware Video". multimedia.cx. http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=VMNC.

[53] "The WebM Project - VP8 Encode Parameter Guide". webmproject.org. http://www.webmproject.org/docs/encoder-parameters/#vp9-specific-options.

[54] Medoff, Norman; Fink, Edward J. (September 10, 2012). Portable Video: ENG & EFP. CRC Press. p. 221. ISBN 9781136047701.

[55] Samuelsson, J. and P. Hermansson (July 2, 2018). The xvc video codec. https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-samuelsson-netvc-xvc-01.

[56] Fuldseth, Arild; Bjontegaard, Gisle; Midtskogen, Steinar; Davies, Thomas; Zanaty, Mo (October 31, 2016). Thor Video Codec. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-fuldseth-netvc-thor-03.

[57] "Live demonstration". Forbidden. http://www.forbidden.co.uk/demos/live/.

[58] Indeo Video Codec, Version 3 Library of Congress

[59] Indeo Video Codec, Version 5 Library of Congress

[60] Sorenson Video Codec, Version 3 Library of Congress

[webrtc-svc-61] 61.0 ^61.1 ^61.2 Scalable Video Coding (SVC) Extension for WebRTC - 4. Operational model, World Wide Web Consortium, September 26, 2020

[62] "M-JPEG Codec". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. http://www.morgan-multimedia.com/morgan/php/products.php?sProductId=4.

[63] "M-JPEG2000 Codec". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. http://morgan-multimedia.com/morgan/php/products.php?sProductId=5.

[64] "dcpPlayer". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. http://morgan-multimedia.com/products.php?sProductId=1.

[65] "FastTICO-XS Codec". Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium: intoPIX. https://www.intopix.com/fasttico-xs-sdks.

[66] FFmpeg-cvslog - mpeg4video: Add support for MPEG-4 Simple Studio Profile., FFmpeg Project, April 2, 2018

[67] FFmpeg Adds Support For Animated JPEG-XL, Phoronix, June 8, 2023

[68] NewTek Codec Notes NewTek

[69] Achievement, Audio Video Coding Standard Workgroup of China

[70] FFmpeg-cvslog - avcodec: add IMM4 decoder, FFmpeg Project, August 21, 2018

[71] FFmpeg-cvslog - avcodec: add IMM5 decoder, FFmpeg Project, August 29, 2019

[72] Cinepak Library of Congress

[73] SunVideo Plus for PCI User's Guide - Audio Video Conferencing. Oracle

[74] vic: Change History. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

[75] redcode

[76] Cintel Scanner p.35. Blackmagic Design. May, 2020.

[77] toPIX Tico Raw is a format with a huge potential

[78] toPIX Tico Raw

[79] 独自コーデックを搭載したニンテンドーDS版Sofdec (in Japanese) CRI Middleware, May 11, 2006

[80] CRI・ミドルウェア、ゲーム開発者向けブログ「CRIチャンネル」を開設 (in Japanese) Impress Watch Corporation, April 19, 2007

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