Social:Botlikh language

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Short description: Northeast Caucasian language
Botlikh
Botlix
буйхалъи мицIцIи/Template:Tlit
Pronunciationcau
Native toNorth Caucasus
RegionSouthwestern Dagestan[1]
Ethnicity3,788 Botlikh people (2020)
Native speakers
5,073 (2020 census)[2]
c. 8,000 (2012)[3]
Northeast Caucasian
  • Avar–Andic
    • Andic
      • Akhvakh–Tindi
        • Karata–Tindi
          • Botlikh–Tindi
            • Botlikh
Dialects
  • Botlikh proper
  • Miarso
unwritten
(transcribed using Cyrillic script)
Language codes
ISO 639-3bph
Glottologbotl1242[4]
  Botlikh
Botlikh is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010)

Botlikh (also spelled Botlix) is an Andic language of the Northeast Caucasian language family spoken by the Botlikhs in the villages of Botlikh (Buikhe), Miarso and Ashino, as well as in Chontaul, Ankho and in Batlakhatli,[5] in southwestern Dagestan, Russia by approximately 5,000 people, according to the 2020 census.[2]

Dialects

Botlikh has two dialects, being Botlikh proper and Miarso. Differences in phonology and morphology are small, and the two are mutually intelligible.[5]

Phonology

Vowels

Botlikh has five basic vowels. Vowels can also be long or nasalized.[6]

Botlikh vowels[6]
Front Back
Close i u
Mid e o
Open a

Consonants

Botlikh consonants[6]
Labial Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
central lateral
lenis fortis lenis fortis lenis fortis lenis fortis lenis fortis lenis fortis
Plosive voiced b ⟨б⟩ d ⟨д⟩ ɡ ⟨г⟩
voiceless p ⟨п⟩ t ⟨т⟩ k ⟨к⟩
ejective tʼ ⟨тӀ⟩ kʼ ⟨кӀ⟩ q͡χʼː ⟨къ⟩ ʔ ⟨ъ⟩
Affricate voiceless t͡s ⟨ц⟩ t͡sː ⟨цц⟩ t͡ʃ ⟨ч⟩ t͡ʃː ⟨чч⟩ t͡ɬː ⟨лӀ⟩ k͡xː ⟨кк⟩ q͡χː ⟨хъ⟩
ejective t͡sʼ ⟨цӀ⟩ t͡sʼː ⟨цӀцӀ⟩ t͡ʃʼ ⟨чӀ⟩ t͡ʃʼː ⟨чӀчӀ⟩ t͡ɬʼː ⟨кь⟩ k͡xʼː ⟨кӀкӀ⟩
voiced d͜ʒ ⟨дж⟩
Fricative voiceless v ⟨в⟩ s ⟨с⟩ sː ⟨сс⟩ ʃ ⟨ш⟩ ʃː ⟨щ⟩ ɬ ⟨лъ⟩ ɬː ⟨лълъ⟩ çː ⟨хь⟩ ɣ ⟨гь⟩ xː ⟨хх⟩ χ ⟨х⟩ ʜ ⟨хӀ⟩ h ⟨гь⟩
voiced z ⟨з⟩ ʒ ⟨ж⟩ j ⟨й⟩ x ⟨х⟩ ʁ ⟨гъ⟩ ʕ ⟨гӀ⟩
Approximant m ⟨м⟩ n ⟨н⟩ r ⟨р⟩ l ⟨л⟩

Orthography

Botlikh is unwritten, and Botlikhs have mostly used Avar as their medium of written communication. When Botlikhs need to write their language, they use the Avar alphabet.[5] The following orthography is used in a Botlikh–Russian dictionary.[7]

А а Аᴴ аᴴ Б б В в Г г Гъ гъ Гь гь ГӀ гӀ Д д Дж дж (Е е) Ж ж З з И и
Иᴴ иᴴ Й й К к Кк кк Къ къ Кь кь КӀ кӀ КӀкӀ кӀкӀ Л л Лъ лъ Лълъ лълъ ЛӀ лӀ М м Н н
О о П п ПӀ пӀ Р р С с Сс сс Т т ТӀ тӀ У у Уᴴ уᴴ Х х Хх хх Хъ хъ Хь хь
ХӀ хӀ Ц ц Цц цц ЦӀ цӀ ЦӀцӀ цӀцӀ Ч ч Чч чч ЧӀ чӀ ЧӀчӀ чӀчӀ Ш ш Щ щ Ъ ъ Э э Эᴴ эᴴ

References

  1. ↑ Ethnologue language map of European Russia, with Botlikh shown in the inset with reference number 9
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 7. НАСЕЛЕНИЕ НАИБОЛЕЕ МНОГОЧИСЛЕННЫХ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОСТЕЙ ПО РОДНОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
  3. ↑ "Ботлихский язык" (in ru). 2022-05-21. https://bigenc.ru/c/botlikhskii-iazyk-d00034. 
  4. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Botlikh". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/botl1242. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Ботлихский язык | Малые языки России". https://minlang.iling-ran.ru/lang/botlikhskiy-yazyk. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "Грамматика ботлихского языка | Малые языки России". https://minlang.iling-ran.ru/grammar/grammatika-botlikhskogo-yazyka. 
  7. ↑ Alekseev, Michail Egorovič; Azaev, Chalil Gadžimagomedovič (2019). Botlichsko-russkij slovarʹ: = Botlikh-Russian dictionary. Issledovanija i materialy po jazykam Kavkaza. Moskva: Academia. ISBN 978-5-87444-416-7. https://www.rfbr.ru/rffi/ru/books/o_2121002. 

Further reading




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