Biology:Proteinase 3

Short description: Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

Proteinase 3, also known as PRTN3, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRTN3 gene.

Function

PRTN3 is a serine protease enzyme expressed mainly in neutrophil granulocytes. Its exact role in the function of the neutrophil is unknown, but, in human neutrophils, proteinase 3 contributes to the proteolytic generation of antimicrobial peptides. It is also the target of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) of the c-ANCA (cytoplasmic subtype) class, a type of antibody frequently found in the disease granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Further reading

• "Proteinase 3: the odd one out that became an autoantigen". Journal of Leukocyte Biology 102 (3): 689–698. September 2017. doi:10.1189/jlb.3MR0217-069R. PMID 28546501. 
• "Emerging patterns of risk factor make-up enable subclassification of rheumatoid arthritis". Arthritis and Rheumatism 56 (6): 1728–35. June 2007. doi:10.1002/art.22716. PMID 17534941. 
• "Neutral serine proteases of neutrophils". Immunological Reviews 273 (1): 232–48. September 2016. doi:10.1111/imr.12441. PMID 27558338. </ref>
• "Three human elastase-like genes coordinately expressed in the myelomonocyte lineage are organized as a single genetic locus on 19pter". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 89 (17): 8215–9. September 1992. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.17.8215. PMID 1518849. Bibcode: 1992PNAS...89.8215Z. 
• "ANCA-associated vasculitis - clinical utility of using ANCA specificity to classify patients". Nature Reviews. Rheumatology 12 (10): 570–9. October 2016. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2016.123. PMID 27464484. 
• "Characterization of proteinase-3 (PR-3), a neutrophil serine proteinase. Structural and functional properties". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 266 (15): 9540–8. May 1991. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)92854-1. PMID 2033050. 
• "Monoclonal antibodies specific for neutrophil proteinase 4. Production and use for isolation of the enzyme". Biological Chemistry Hoppe-Seyler 371 (7): 549–55. July 1990. doi:10.1515/bchm3.1990.371.2.549. PMID 2121162. 
• "Cloning of cDNA for proteinase 3: a serine protease, antibiotic, and autoantigen from human neutrophils". The Journal of Experimental Medicine 172 (6): 1709–15. December 1990. doi:10.1084/jem.172.6.1709. PMID 2258701. 
• "The relation of 29 kD C-ANCA antigen to proteinase 3". APMIS 98 (S19): 26–7. 1991. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0463.1990.tb05713.x. PMID 2285532. 
• "Characterization of two azurphil granule proteases with active-site homology to neutrophil elastase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 265 (4): 2038–41. February 1990. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)39936-3. PMID 2404977. 
• "Antibiotic proteins of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 86 (14): 5610–4. July 1989. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.14.5610. PMID 2501794. Bibcode: 1989PNAS...86.5610G. 
• "Down-regulation of a serine protease, myeloblastin, causes growth arrest and differentiation of promyelocytic leukemia cells". Cell 59 (6): 959–68. December 1989. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(89)90752-6. PMID 2598267. 
• "Cytolytic effects of neutrophils: role for a membrane-bound neutral proteinase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 83 (6): 1685–9. March 1986. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.6.1685. PMID 3513185. Bibcode: 1986PNAS...83.1685P. 
• "Inhibitory properties of recombinant human monocyte/neutrophil elastase inhibitor". American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 13 (3): 314–22. September 1995. doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.13.3.7654387. PMID 7654387. 
• "The role of monocytes in ANCA-associated vasculitides". Autoimmunity Reviews 15 (11): 1046–1053. November 2016. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2016.07.031. PMID 27491570. https://air.unimi.it/retrieve/handle/2434/428376/703044/ROLE%20OF%20MONOCYTES%20IN%20AAV%2c%20Brunini%20et%20al%2c%2015.03.2016-1.pdf. 

External links

• Proteinase+3 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)