Astronomy:Beta Crateris

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Short description: Binary star system in the constellation Crater
β Crateris
Crater constellation map.svg
Red circle.svg
Location of β Crateris (circled)
Observation data
Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS)
Constellation Crater
Right ascension  11h 11m 39.48783s[1]
Declination −22° 49′ 33.0593″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 4.46[2] (4.61 + 13.40)[3]
Characteristics
Spectral type A2 III[3] + DA1.4[3]
U−B color index +0.05[2]
B−V color index +0.02[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+5.6±0.5[4] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: + 5.220 ± 0.546[5] mas/yr
Dec.: −103.457 ± 0.483[5] mas/yr
Parallax (π)11.0358 ± 0.2918[5] mas
Distance296 ± 8 ly
(91 ± 2 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)−0.62[6] + 8.19[3]
Details
Luminosity147[7] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)3.5[8] cgs
Temperature8,830[7] K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)49[9] km/s
β Crt B
Mass0.43[10] M☉
Radius0.027[3] R☉
Surface gravity (log g)7.40[11] cgs
Temperature36,885[11] K
Other designations
β Crt, 11 Crateris, BD−22° 3095, FK5 421, HD 97277, HIP 54682, HR 4343, SAO 179624, WD 1109-225.[12]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Beta Crateris, Latinized from β Crateris, is a binary star[3] system in the southern constellation of Crater. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.46.[2] Based upon an annual parallax shift of 9.59 mas as seen from Earth, it is located around 340 light years from the Sun.

This is an astrometric binary[13] star system with an orbital period of 6.0 years and a projected separation of 8.3 AU. The orbit has an estimated semimajor axis of 9.3 AU.[3] The primary, component A, is listed as an A-type giant star with a stellar classification of A2 III.[3][13][10] However, Houk and Smith-Moore (1988) give a main sequence classification of A1 V,[14] while Abt and Morrell (1995) list it as a subgiant star with a class of A2 IV.[15] The spectrum shows enhanced barium, possibly as a result of a previous mass transfer event.[8]

The companion, component B, is a white dwarf[10] of class DA with an effective temperature of 36,885 K that has been cooling down for around four million years.[11] It has an unusually low mass, 43% that of the Sun, suggesting that the white dwarf progenitor may have transferred matter to its companion. Alternative scenarios require either the evolution of a triple star system, or a binary system with highly eccentric orbit resulting in grazing interactions.[3] The dwarf is a source of X-ray emission.[16]

Name

This star was one of the set assigned by the 16th century astronomer Al Tizini[17] to Al Sharāsīf (ألشراسيف), the Ribs (of Hydra), which included the stars from β Crateris westward through κ Hydrae.[18][19]

According to the catalogue of stars in the Technical Memorandum 33-507 - A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, Al Sharāsīf were the title for two stars : β Crateris as Al Sharasīf II and κ Hydrae as Al Sharasīf I.[20]

In Chinese, 翼宿 (Yì Sù), meaning Wings (asterism), refers to an asterism consisting of β Crateris, α Crateris, γ Crateris, ζ Crateris, λ Crateris, ν Hydrae, η Crateris, δ Crateris, ι Crateris, κ Crateris, ε Crateris, HD 95808, HD 93833, θ Crateris, HD 102574, HD 100219, HD 99922, HD 100307, HD 96819, χ1 Hydrae, HD 102620 and HD 103462.[21] Consequently, β Crateris itself is known as 翼宿十六 (Yì Sù shíliù, English: the Sixteenth Star of Wings.)[22][23]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 van Leeuwen, F. (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653–664, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Mermilliod, J.-C. (1986), "Compilation of Eggen's UBV data, transformed to UBV (unpublished)", Catalogue of Eggen's UBV Data (SIMBAD), Bibcode: 1986EgUBV........0M. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Holberg, J. B. et al. (2013), "Where are all the Sirius-like binary systems?", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 435 (3): 2077, doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1433, Bibcode: 2013MNRAS.435.2077H. 
  4. ↑ de Bruijne, J. H. J.; Eilers, A.-C. (October 2012), "Radial velocities for the HIPPARCOS-Gaia Hundred-Thousand-Proper-Motion project", Astronomy & Astrophysics 546: 14, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219219, A61, Bibcode: 2012A&A...546A..61D. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Brown, A. G. A. (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 616: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G.  Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  6. ↑ Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012), "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation", Astronomy Letters 38 (5): 331, doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015, Bibcode: 2012AstL...38..331A. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 McDonald, I. et al. (2012), "Fundamental Parameters and Infrared Excesses of Hipparcos Stars", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 427 (1): 343–57, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21873.x, Bibcode: 2012MNRAS.427..343M. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Smalley, B. et al. (January 1997), "The chemical composition and binarity of beta Crateris", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 284 (2): 457–464, doi:10.1093/mnras/284.2.457, Bibcode: 1997MNRAS.284..457S. 
  9. ↑ Royer, F. et al. (February 2007), "Rotational velocities of A-type stars. III. Velocity distributions", Astronomy and Astrophysics 463 (2): 671–682, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065224, Bibcode: 2007A&A...463..671R. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Burleigh, M. R. et al. (November 2001), "The low-mass white dwarf companion to β Crateris", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 327 (4): 1158–1164, doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04818.x, Bibcode: 2001MNRAS.327.1158B. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Barstow, M. A. et al. (May 2014), "Evidence for an external origin of heavy elements in hot DA white dwarfs", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 440 (2): 1607–1625, doi:10.1093/mnras/stu216, Bibcode: 2014MNRAS.440.1607B. 
  12. ↑ "bet Crt". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=bet+Crt. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 389 (2): 869–879, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x, Bibcode: 2008MNRAS.389..869E. 
  14. ↑ Houk, Nancy; Smith-Moore, M. (1978), Michigan catalogue of two-dimensional spectral types for the HD stars, 4, Ann Arbor: Dept. of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Bibcode: 1988mcts.book.....H. 
  15. ↑ Abt, Helmut A.; Morrell, Nidia I. (1995), "The Relation between Rotational Velocities and Spectral Peculiarities among A-Type Stars", Astrophysical Journal Supplement 99: 135, doi:10.1086/192182, Bibcode: 1995ApJS...99..135A. 
  16. ↑ Schröder, C.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M. (November 2007), "X-ray emission from A-type stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics 475 (2): 677–684, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20077429, Bibcode: 2007A&A...475..677S. 
  17. ↑ Rim Turkmani (7 July 2011). "Arabic Roots of the Scientific Revolution". http://www.muslimheritage.com/article/arabic-roots-scientific-revolution. 
  18. ↑ Star Names - R.H.Allen p. 182
  19. ↑ Star Names - R.H.Allen p. 246
  20. ↑ Rhoads, Jack W. (November 15, 1971), Technical Memorandum 33-507-A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720005197_1972005197.pdf. 
  21. ↑ (in Chinese) 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN:978-986-7332-25-7.
  22. ↑ (in Chinese) AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 5 月 31 日
  23. ↑ (in Chinese) 夢之大地 @ 國立成功大學 WebBBS DreamLand @ National Cheng Kung University WebBBS System

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