Astronomy:RY Tauri

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Short description: Star in the constellation Taurus

Coordinates: Sky map 04h 21m 57.4133s, +28° 26′ 35.5340″

RY Tauri
250px
Nebula around RY Tauri observed with Gemini
Observation data
Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS)
Constellation Taurus[1]
Right ascension  04h 21m 57.4133s[2]
Declination +28° 26′ 35.5340″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) 9.5 - 11.5[3]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage pre-main-sequence star
Spectral type F7[4]
Apparent magnitude (G) 10.706[5]
Variable type T Tau[6]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)24.3±1.9 km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: 8.744[5] mas/yr
Dec.: −27.002[5] mas/yr
Parallax (π)7.2349 ± 0.2031[5] mas
Distance450 ± 10 ly
(138 ± 4 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)+2.11 (at magnitude 9.55)[3]
Position (relative to RY Tauri)
Component2MASS J04215810+2826300
Angular distance10.83″
Position angle122.41°
Observed separation
(projected)		1500 AU
Details
Mass2.0[7] M☉
Radius3.2[7] R☉
Luminosity11.6[7] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)3.8[7] cgs
Temperature5,945[7] K
Age4.7+1.00
−0.90[3] Myr
Other designations
BD+28 645, Gaia DR2 164551162164119424, HD 283571, HIP 20387, TYC 1828-129-1, GSC 01828-00129, 2MASS J04215740+2826355
Database references
SIMBADdata

RY Tauri is a young T Tauri star in the constellation of Taurus about 450 light years away, belonging to the Taurus Molecular Cloud. It is more massive than typical T Tauri stars, and may be an intermediate between this class and the Herbig Ae/Be star type.[8]

Stellar system

There was one suspected stellar companion to RY Tauri, a 14.81 magnitude object 2MASS J04215810+2826300 discovered in 2008 at a projected separation of 1500 AU.[9] It was proven to be a background star not related to RY Tauri with Gaia data though.[10]

Protoplanetary system

The star is surrounded by a protoplanetary disk discovered in 2006.[8] The disk is massive at 0.3M☉ and consists mostly of gas.[11] The existence of a protoplanetary disk is disputed; the signal can also be attributed to the birth envelope partially disrupted by the young star. Also, polar jets were detected.[12] The jets contain detectable amounts of oxygen and sulfur.[4] A superjovian planet on a 0.2 AU orbit is suspected since 2021.[13]

The planetary system[11]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
protoplanetary disk 0.21–80 AU 65° —

Variability

A visual band light curve for RY Tauri, shawing variability on three different time scales, adapted from Ismailov and Adygezalzade (2012),[14] Ismailov et al. (2011)[15] and Siwak et al. (2011)[16]

Henrietta Swan Leavitt's discovery that RY Tauri is a variable star was reported in 1907.[17] It is a highly (by 1.5 magnitudes)[12] obscured Orion variable, producing fluctuations of brightness as the star shines through the inhomogeneities of the inner part of the protoplanetary disk.[11] It also produces irregular brightening events with a duration of about a month and amplitude of one magnitude.[18] The light curve of RY Tauri varies by 2-3 magnitudes over a decade and by roughly one magnitude over a year. The star was gradually brightening during the 20th century, possibly changing the variability mechanism in the process.[19]

References

  1. ↑ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a constellation from a position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 99 (617): 695. doi:10.1086/132034. Bibcode: 1987PASP...99..695R  Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "V* RY Tau". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=V%2A+RY+Tau. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Gorda, S Yu; Mkrtichian, D. E.; Fernandez, M.; Irsmambetova, T. R.; Shenavrin, V. I.; Gahm, G. F.; Djupvik, A. A.; De Albuquerque, R M G. et al. (2019), "Dynamics of wind and the dusty environments in the accreting T Tauri stars RY Tauri and SU Aurigae", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 483: 132–146, doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3066 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Giannini, T.; Nisini, B.; Antoniucci, S.; Biazzo, K.; Alcalá, J.; Bacciotti, F.; Fedele, D.; Frasca, A. et al. (2019), "GIARPS High-resolution Observations of T Tauri stars (GHOsT). I: Jet line emission", Astronomy & Astrophysics A44: 631, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936085, Bibcode: 2019A&A...631A..44G 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Brown, A. G. A. (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 649: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. Bibcode: 2021A&A...649A...1G.  Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  6. ↑ Samus, N. N. et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S 1: B/GCVS. Bibcode: 2009yCat....102025S. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Davies, Claire L.; Kraus, Stefan; Harries, Tim J.; Monnier, John D.; Kloppenborg, Brian; Aarnio, Alicia; Baron, Fabien; Lopez, Rebeca Garcia et al. (2020), "The Inner Disk of RY Tau: Evidence of Stellar Occultation by the Disk Atmosphere at the Sublimation Rim from K-band Continuum Interferometry", The Astrophysical Journal 897 (1): 31, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab93c1, Bibcode: 2020ApJ...897...31D 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Monnier, J. D.; Berger, J.-P.; Millan-Gabet, R.; Traub, W. A.; Schloerb, F. P.; Pedretti, E.; Benisty, M.; Carleton, N. P. et al. (2006), "Few Skewed Disks Found in First Closure-Phase Survey of Herbig Ae/Be stars", The Astrophysical Journal 647 (1): 444–463, doi:10.1086/505340, Bibcode: 2006ApJ...647..444M 
  9. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Itoh2008
  10. ↑ Brown, A. G. A. (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 649: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. Bibcode: 2021A&A...649A...1G.  Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Davies, Claire L.; Kraus, Stefan; Harries, Tim J.; Monnier, John D.; Kloppenborg, Brian; Aarnio, Alicia; Baron, Fabien; Lopez, Rebeca Garcia et al. (2020), "The inner disk of RY Tau: evidence of stellar occultation by the disk atmosphere at the sublimation rim from K-band continuum interferometry", The Astrophysical Journal 897 (1): 31, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab93c1, Bibcode: 2020ApJ...897...31D 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Garufi, A. et al. (2019), "The SPHERE view of the jet and the envelope of RY Tau", Astronomy & Astrophysics 628: A68, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935546, Bibcode: 2019A&A...628A..68G 
  13. ↑ Petrov, P. P.; Romanova, M. M.; Grankin, K. N.; Artemenko, S. A.; Babina, E. V.; Gorda, S Yu (2021), "Modulated accretion in the T Tauri star RY Tau – a stable MHD propeller or a planet at 0.2 au?", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504: 871–877, doi:10.1093/mnras/stab904 
  14. ↑ Ismailov, N. Z.; Adygezalzade, A. N. (February 2012). "Light Curve Analysis for RY Tau". Astronomy Reports 56 (2): 131–137. doi:10.1134/S1063772912020023. Bibcode: 2012ARep...56..131I. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012ARep...56..131I. Retrieved 3 April 2022. 
  15. ↑ Ismailov, N. Z.; Shustarev, P. N.; Adigezalzade, A. N.; Bahaddinova, G. R. (January 2011). "Variability of the Spectrum and Brightness of RY Tau". Astronomy Letters 37 (11): 783–790. doi:10.1134/S1063773711100033. Bibcode: 2011AstL...37..783I. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011AstL...37..783. Retrieved 3 April 2022. 
  16. ↑ Siwak, Michal; Rucinski, Slavek M.; Matthews, Jaymie M.; Kuschnig, Rainer; Guenther, David B.; Moffat, Anthony F. J.; Sasselov, Dimitar; Weiss, Werner W. (August 2011). "Analysis of MOST light curves of five young stars in Taurus–Auriga and Lupus 3 star-forming regions". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 415 (2): 1119–1124. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18683.x. Bibcode: 2011MNRAS.415.1119S. 
  17. ↑ Pickering, Edward C. (August 1907). "71 new variable stars in Harvard Maps Nos. 9, 12, 21, 48 and 51". Astronomische Nachrichten 175: 333–338. doi:10.1002/asna.19071752006. Bibcode: 1907AN....175..333P. https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1907AN....175..333P. Retrieved 4 September 2025. 
  18. ↑ Zajtseva, G.; Petrov, P.; Ilyin, I.; Duemler, R.; Tuominen, I. (1996), "RY Tauri at High Brightness", Information Bulletin on Variable Stars 4408: 1, Bibcode: 1996IBVS.4408....1Z 
  19. ↑ Beck, Tracy L.; Simon, M. (2001), "The Variability of T Tauri, RY Tauri, and RW Aurigae from 1899 to 1952", The Astronomical Journal 122 (1): 413–417, doi:10.1086/321133, Bibcode: 2001AJ....122..413B 



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