Astronomy:T Tauri

Short description: Star in constellation Taurus

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Location of T Tauri (circled)

The star T Tauri with NGC 1555 cloud nearby.

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|- style="vertical-align:top" ! style="text-align:left" | Spectral type | G5V:e |- style="vertical-align:top"

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|- style="vertical-align:top" ! style="text-align:left" | Variable type | T Tauri |- style="vertical-align:top"

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AstrometryRadial velocity (R_v)+24.6^[3] km/sProper motion (μ) RA: +15.51^[1] mas/yr
Dec.: -13.67^[1] mas/yr Parallax (π)6.9290 ± 0.0583^[4] masDistance471 ± 4 ly
(144 ± 1 pc) Orbit^[5]PrimaryT Tau NCompanionT Tau SPeriod (P)4200+5000
−3400 yrSemi-major axis (a)2.9+5.4
−1.7″Eccentricity (e)0.7+0.2
−0.4Inclination (i)52+4
−5°Longitude of the node (Ω)156 ± 11°Periastron epoch (T)B 1967+25
−47Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)48+34
−25° Orbit^[5]PrimaryT Tau SaCompanionT Tau SbPeriod (P)27 ± 2 yrSemi-major axis (a)85+4
−2 masEccentricity (e)0.56+0.07
−0.09Inclination (i)20+10
−6°Longitude of the node (Ω)92+26
−36°Periastron epoch (T)JD 2450131+208
−288
(1996 Feb 17)Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)48+34
−25° DetailsT Tau SaMass2.12 ± 0.10^[5] M_☉Age0.4^[6] MyrT Tau SbMass0.53 ± 0.06^[5] M_☉ Other designations

T Tau, AG+19° 341, BD+19° 706, HBC 35, HD 284419, HH 355, HIP 20390, VDB 28.

Database referencesSIMBADdata

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T Tauri is a variable star in the constellation Taurus, the prototype of the T Tauri stars. It was discovered in October 1852 by John Russell Hind. T Tauri appears from Earth amongst the Hyades cluster, not far from ε Tauri, but it is actually 420 light-years behind it and not a member of the cluster. The cloud to the west of the system is NGC 1555, known more commonly as Hind's Variable Nebula.

Although this system is considered to be the prototype of T Tauri stars, a later phase in a protostar's formation, it is a very atypical T Tauri star.^[7]

Orbital characteristics and mass

The system has three stars: T Tauri North (T Tau N), T Tauri South A (T Tau Sa), and T Tauri South B (T Tau Sb). T Tau N is estimated to be approximately 300 AU away from the southern binary, with the separation of the binary believed to be approximately 7 AU with an orbital period of 27.2±0.7 years. The orbit of T Tau N about the southern binary is poorly constrained, with the period ranging from 400 years to 14,000 years as of 2020. T Tau N has a mass of ~2.1 M_☉, T Tau Sa is estimated to be 2.0–2.3 M_☉, and T Tau Sb is estimated to be approximately 0.4–0.5 M_☉.^[8]^[9]

Orbital motion of T Tau S relative to N.^[10]

Orbital motion of T Tau Sb relative to Sa.^[10]

Variability and optical extinction

A 160 year long visual band light curve for T Tauri, plotted from AAVSO data^[11]

The southern binary is visible mainly in infrared, which is likely due to a circumbinary ring that is blocking the optical light (if there is any optical light leaking through, it must be at a magnitude of less than 19.6), while the accretion disk of T Tau N is believed to be nearly perpendicular to our line of sight, thus allowing us to see T Tau N in the optical.^[12]

The southern binary's brightness varies dramatically over seemingly short timescales in the infrared.^[12] It is believed this variability is due to both the matter in the circumbinary ring not being uniform, thus varying the light let through as it orbits the binary, and due to the individual components of the binary flaring up as they accrete matter. It is unknown which mechanism contributes the most to the variability.

Outflow system

All three stars are believed to be in the T Tauri phase. During this phase, a star does not undergo nuclear fusion within its core; it shines due to the residual heat given off by its collapse. This causes a T Tauri star to vary in brightness over the course of weeks or months as they accrete matter. An important mechanic in star formation are the jets that are formed by the accretion, which function similarly to the jets of a quasar or an active galactic nucleus (AGN). These jets form due to the magnetic fields formed in the accretion disk, and as a side effect, they carry away excess angular momentum from the star. Without this mechanism, a star would not be able to accrete to more than 0.05 M_☉.^[8]

Simple 3D geometrical model of the stars, circumstellar disks, the circumbinary ring, and the known outflows from the T Tauri system. The panels present different views down the geometrical axes.^[8]

As of 2020, T Tau Sb is passing through the plane of the T Tau S circumbinary ring, and is currently dimming as the ring blocks its light.^[12]

The T Tauri system has been of particular interest to astronomers because it is by no means a typical T Tauri star. Specifically, it appears that T Tau N is actually supposed to still be an embedded protostar, but it was likely ejected from the dense cloud it was born in sometime in the past few thousand years. It is almost certainly still gravitationally bound to the other two stars. Its spectra is exactly that of a Classic T Tauri Star (CTTS), but evolutionary speaking it is not a T Tauri star.^[7]

The complex outflow system created by the stars is poorly understood, particularly in how it evolves over time. It is believed there are two bipolar outflows, with one coming from T Tau N, and the other coming from T Tau S. Since the two stars of T Tau S are so close, their individual outflows appear to either merge or T Tau Sb does not produce much of an outflow. The two outflows seem to be interacting somewhat, and it is believed this interaction will only become more intense in the future.

Surrounding nebulosity

A widefield image showing the reflection nebula and clouds of dust. Credit: Adam Block/Mount Lemmon SkyCenter/University of Arizona.

Surrounding the system are three distinct Herbig-Haro objects. These are patches of nebulosity caused by the outflows interacting with the interstellar medium. They can be thought of as shock fronts for the jets as the fast moving material slams into the cold gas and dust surrounding the system.^[8]

The most noticeable nebulosity is the NGC 1555 cloud, known as Hind's Variable Nebula, only an arcminute west of T Tauri. This was the nebulosity first discovered by Hind in 1852, which is now known to be a reflection nebula due to the spectra being very similar to that of T Tauri itself. It is thought that the nebula's brightness varies due to material interposing occasionally between T Tauri and the reflection nebula.

The darker nebulosity is not technically part Hind's Variable Nebula, but it is part of the same cloud, and most catalogues consider them the same object. Various designations of this cloud are GC 839, HH 155, vdB 28, Ced 32b, SH 2-238, GN 04.18.9, and BDN176.28-20.89.

HH155 appears to be part of the NGC 1555 cloud, and is in fact a patch of emission nebulosity emanating from the blue-shifted east-west outflow from T Tau N. It stretches all the way to NGC 1555, and causes the reflection nebulosity to have some faint, in-situ forbidden line emission, which is produced by the fast-moving outflow interacting with the material at rest within NGC 1555.^[13]

HH255 is nebulosity much closer to the star system itself, otherwise known as Burnham's Nebula (also known as Ced 32c). It is another patch of emission nebulosity, likely caused by the outflows of the individual stars interacting and the outflows escaping the dense inner regions of the star system.^[14]

When Sherburne Wesley Burnham used the new 36" Great Lick Refractor in 1890 to find Hind's Nebula, which had been intermittently missing since the 1860s, he mistakenly inspected T Tauri itself rather than the area immediately west, and was successful in finding a nebula. When he noticed the description of Hind's Nebula did not match what he was seeing, he asked his colleague Edward Emerson Barnard to take a look since he had more experience with nebulosity and finer eyes. Barnard discovered another nebula, approximately an arcminute south-west of T Tauri and about an arcminute in diameter. This nebula Barnard found was temporarily called Barnard's Nebula until it was realized to be Hind later in the decade, and the nebulosity found around T Tauri was named Burnham's Nebula. This would be the first ever discovered Herbig-Haro object, although the object class would not be coined until 1953.^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19]

HH355 is a so-called "giant outflow" that reaches nearly 1.5pc away from the star system, discovered in 1997. This outflow is unusually large, possibly explained by the ejection of T Tau N from a closer, chaotic orbit with T Tau Sa and Sb many thousands of years ago. The patches are easily observed using the H-Alpha emission line, and by measuring the Doppler Shift of the two lobes, it appears they originated from the T Tau system. The lobes, referred to as HH355 North and HH355 South, each have three major patches (totaling six overall). The northern lobe has patches A, B, and C; the southern lobe has patches D, E, and F. The patches were seemingly created in pairs, with patches A and F being created 5000 years ago, B and E 900 years later, and C and D 900 years after that (assuming a tangential velocity of 150 km/s, which is a fairly common outflow velocity). After the last pair was created, a period of relative quiescence followed.^[20]

Planetary system

As typical for the young stars, all three stars of T Tauri system are surrounded by a compact disks trimmed by star-star interaction. The disk around T Tauri N has a gap around 12 AU radius, indicating a presence of orbiting Saturn-mass planet within a gap.^[21]

The T Tauri planetary system
Companion (in order from star)	Mass	Inclination	Radius
T Tauri N protoplanetary disk	24±4 AU	25.2±1.1°	—
T Tauri Sa protoplanetary disk	3.9±0.1 AU	52.8±0.6°	—
T Tauri Sb protoplanetary disk	3.2±0.3 AU	63.2±0.9°	—

Struve's Lost Nebula

The nebula NGC 1554 (Ced 32a) is believed to be associated with T Tauri. In the 1860s, Hind's nebula had faded from view for nearly all astronomers on Earth, including Hind himself, but Otto Wilhelm von Struve, having the third most powerful telescope in the world at the time, could still see it. In 1868, Struve lost the nebula, but found a new patch of nebulosity approximately four arcminutes west that he believed to be distinct from Hind's Nebula. He did not bother properly reporting this due to his lack of interest in nebulae, and instead wrote privately to d'Arrest, who would publish the finding.^[22] Over the course of the next 10-20 years, Struve's Nebula faded from view, and Hind's Nebula came back into view of most astronomers at the same time. It is likely Struve truly did observe something, especially considering that d'Arrest confirmed it, but as of 2022 there is no agreed explanation for the cause of this phenomenon.^[15]

The exact dynamics of the outflow system of T Tauri, particularly its evolution, is poorly understood. It is possible some sort of interaction between the outflows in the past may have caused the phenomena that Struve observed, but more data on at least the orbital constraints of T Tau N and how the outflows interact currently will be needed before any concrete theory can be reached.^[8] More likely than not, T Tau N underwent an ejection from the southern binary T Tau S into an eccentric and large orbit a few thousand years ago (based on the age of the HH 355 lobes), and Struve's Nebula may have been related somehow, but this is purely speculative.^[7]^[20]

In popular culture

In the 2014 video game Elite: Dangerous, the star system and surrounding nebula are featured as a location that players can visit. It is slightly further from Earth in the game than real life, and incorrectly simulates the star system itself, with T Tau N being represented by a main-sequence G-type star, and T Tau S being represented by a similar main-sequence G-type star (instead of a binary with two T Tauri stars). Notably, there is a small starport in the system called Hind's Mine that is in the ring system of a fictional gas giant in orbit of T Tau N, notable for its large distance from most other settled systems.^[23]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653–664, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nicolet, B. (1978), "Photoelectric photometric Catalogue of homogeneous measurements in the UBV System", Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 34: 1–49, Bibcode: 1978A&AS...34....1N.
↑ Wilson, R. E. (1953), "General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities", Washington (Carnegie Institute of Washington, D.C.), Bibcode: 1953GCRV..C......0W.
↑ Brown, A. G. A. (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 616: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Köhler, R.; Kasper, M.; Herbst, T. M.; Ratzka, T.; Bertrang, G. H.-M. (2016). "Orbits in the T Tauri triple system observed with SPHERE". Astronomy & Astrophysics 587: A35. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527125. Bibcode: 2016A&A...587A..35K.
↑ Tetzlaff, N.; Neuhäuser, R.; Hohle, M. M. (January 2011), "A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 410 (1): 190–200, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x, Bibcode: 2011MNRAS.410..190T.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Flores, C.; Reipurth, B.; Connelley, M. S. (2020). "Is T Tauri North a "Classical" T Tauri Star?". The Astrophysical Journal 898 (2): 109. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab9e67. Bibcode: 2020ApJ...898..109F.
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 ^8.4 Beck, Tracy L.; Schaefer, G. H.; Guilloteau, S.; Simon, M.; Dutrey, A.; Folco, E. Di; Chapillon, E. (2020). "On the Nature of the T Tauri Triple System". The Astrophysical Journal 902 (2): 132. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb5f5. Bibcode: 2020ApJ...902..132B.
↑ Kasper, M.; Santhakumari, K. K. R.; Herbst, T. M.; Van Boekel, R.; Menard, F.; Gratton, R.; Van Holstein, R. G.; Langlois, M. et al. (2020). "A triple star in disarray". Astronomy & Astrophysics 644: A114. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039186.
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 Schaefer, G. H.; Beck, Tracy L.; Prato, L.; Simon, & M. (2020-06-22). "Orbital Motion, Variability, and Masses in the T Tauri Triple System" (in en). The Astronomical Journal 160 (1): 35. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab93be. ISSN 1538-3881. Bibcode: 2020AJ....160...35S.
↑ "Download Data". AAVSO. https://www.aavso.org/data-download.
↑ ^12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 Kammerer, J.; Kasper, M.; Ireland, M. J.; Köhler, R.; Laugier, R.; Martinache, F.; Siebenmorgen, R.; Van Den Ancker, M. E. et al. (2021). "Mid-infrared photometry of the T Tauri triple system with kernel phase interferometry". Astronomy & Astrophysics 646: A36. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039366. Bibcode: 2021A&A...646A..36K.
↑ Solf, J.; Bohm, K.-H. (October 1999). "A Deep Long-Slit Spectroscopic Study of the Two Bipolar Outflows from the T Tauri Binary System" (in en). The Astrophysical Journal 523 (2): 709–720. doi:10.1086/307760. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 1999ApJ...523..709S.
↑ Matt, Sean; Böhm, Karl-Heinz (March 2003). "The Enigmatic HH 255" (in en). Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 115 (805): 334–341. doi:10.1086/367744. ISSN 0004-6280. Bibcode: 2003PASP..115..334M.
↑ ^15.0 ^15.1 Steinicke, Wolfgang (2010). Observing and cataloguing nebulae and star clusters : from Herschel to Dreyer's new general catalogue. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-511-78953-3. OCLC 664571198. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/664571198.
↑ Burnham, S. W. (1890-12-12). "Note on Hind's Variable Nebula in Taurus" (in en). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 51 (2): 94–96. doi:10.1093/mnras/51.2.94. ISSN 0035-8711.
↑ Burnham, S. W. (1892-04-08). "Observations of Nebul with the 36-inch Refractor of the Lick Observatory" (in en). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 52 (6): 440–462. doi:10.1093/mnras/52.6.440. ISSN 0035-8711.
↑ Barnard, E. E. (1895-06-14). "On the Variable Nebul of Hind (N.G.C. 1555) and Struve (N.G.C. 1554) in Taurus, and on the Nebulous Condition of the Variable Star T Tauri" (in en). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 55 (8): 442–453. doi:10.1093/mnras/55.8.442. ISSN 0035-8711.
↑ Barnard, E. E. (1899-04-14). "Observations of Hind's Variable Nebula in Taurus (N.G.C. 1555), made with the 40 inch Refractor of the Yerkes Observatory". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 59 (7): 372–376. doi:10.1093/mnras/59.7.372. ISSN 0035-8711.
↑ ^20.0 ^20.1 Reipurth, Bo; Bally, John; Devine, David (1997-12-01). "Giant Herbig-Haro Flows". The Astronomical Journal 114: 2708. doi:10.1086/118681. ISSN 0004-6256. Bibcode: 1997AJ....114.2708R.
↑ Yamaguchi, Masayuki; Tsukagoshi, Takashi; Muto, Takayuki; Nomura, Hideko; Nakazato, Takeshi; Ikeda, Shiro; Tamura, Motohide; Kawabe, Ryohei (2021), "ALMA Super-resolution Imaging of T Tau: R = 12 au Gap in the Compact Dust Disk around T Tau N", The Astrophysical Journal 923 (1): 121, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac2bfd, Bibcode: 2021ApJ...923..121Y
↑ d'Arrest, Heinrich Ludwig (1868). "Struve's Beobachtung eines Nebelflecks nahe bei Hind's variablem Nebel im Taurus". Astronomische Nachrichten 71: 143–144. Bibcode: 1868AN.....71..139S.
↑ "EDSM - Elite Dangerous Star Map". https://www.edsm.net/en/system/id/31528/name/T+Tauri.

External links

Coordinates: 04^h 21^m 59.4345^s, +19° 32′ 06.429″

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T Tauri. Read more

[aaa474_2_653-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653–664, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V.

[aass34_1-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nicolet, B. (1978), "Photoelectric photometric Catalogue of homogeneous measurements in the UBV System", Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 34: 1–49, Bibcode: 1978A&AS...34....1N.

[gcsrv-3] Wilson, R. E. (1953), "General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities", Washington (Carnegie Institute of Washington, D.C.), Bibcode: 1953GCRV..C......0W.

[Gaia-4] Brown, A. G. A. (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 616: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G.

[Kohler-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Köhler, R.; Kasper, M.; Herbst, T. M.; Ratzka, T.; Bertrang, G. H.-M. (2016). "Orbits in the T Tauri triple system observed with SPHERE". Astronomy & Astrophysics 587: A35. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527125. Bibcode: 2016A&A...587A..35K.

[mnras410_1_190-6] Tetzlaff, N.; Neuhäuser, R.; Hohle, M. M. (January 2011), "A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 410 (1): 190–200, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x, Bibcode: 2011MNRAS.410..190T.

[:3-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Flores, C.; Reipurth, B.; Connelley, M. S. (2020). "Is T Tauri North a "Classical" T Tauri Star?". The Astrophysical Journal 898 (2): 109. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab9e67. Bibcode: 2020ApJ...898..109F.

[:0-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 ^8.4 Beck, Tracy L.; Schaefer, G. H.; Guilloteau, S.; Simon, M.; Dutrey, A.; Folco, E. Di; Chapillon, E. (2020). "On the Nature of the T Tauri Triple System". The Astrophysical Journal 902 (2): 132. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb5f5. Bibcode: 2020ApJ...902..132B.

[9] Kasper, M.; Santhakumari, K. K. R.; Herbst, T. M.; Van Boekel, R.; Menard, F.; Gratton, R.; Van Holstein, R. G.; Langlois, M. et al. (2020). "A triple star in disarray". Astronomy & Astrophysics 644: A114. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039186.

[:2-10] 10.0 ^10.1 Schaefer, G. H.; Beck, Tracy L.; Prato, L.; Simon, & M. (2020-06-22). "Orbital Motion, Variability, and Masses in the T Tauri Triple System" (in en). The Astronomical Journal 160 (1): 35. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab93be. ISSN 1538-3881. Bibcode: 2020AJ....160...35S.

[aavso-11] "Download Data". AAVSO. https://www.aavso.org/data-download.

[Kammerer-12] 12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 Kammerer, J.; Kasper, M.; Ireland, M. J.; Köhler, R.; Laugier, R.; Martinache, F.; Siebenmorgen, R.; Van Den Ancker, M. E. et al. (2021). "Mid-infrared photometry of the T Tauri triple system with kernel phase interferometry". Astronomy & Astrophysics 646: A36. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039366. Bibcode: 2021A&A...646A..36K.

[13] Solf, J.; Bohm, K.-H. (October 1999). "A Deep Long-Slit Spectroscopic Study of the Two Bipolar Outflows from the T Tauri Binary System" (in en). The Astrophysical Journal 523 (2): 709–720. doi:10.1086/307760. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 1999ApJ...523..709S.

[14] Matt, Sean; Böhm, Karl-Heinz (March 2003). "The Enigmatic HH 255" (in en). Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 115 (805): 334–341. doi:10.1086/367744. ISSN 0004-6280. Bibcode: 2003PASP..115..334M.

[:1-15] 15.0 ^15.1 Steinicke, Wolfgang (2010). Observing and cataloguing nebulae and star clusters : from Herschel to Dreyer's new general catalogue. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-511-78953-3. OCLC 664571198. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/664571198.

[16] Burnham, S. W. (1890-12-12). "Note on Hind's Variable Nebula in Taurus" (in en). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 51 (2): 94–96. doi:10.1093/mnras/51.2.94. ISSN 0035-8711.

[17] Burnham, S. W. (1892-04-08). "Observations of Nebul with the 36-inch Refractor of the Lick Observatory" (in en). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 52 (6): 440–462. doi:10.1093/mnras/52.6.440. ISSN 0035-8711.

[18] Barnard, E. E. (1895-06-14). "On the Variable Nebul of Hind (N.G.C. 1555) and Struve (N.G.C. 1554) in Taurus, and on the Nebulous Condition of the Variable Star T Tauri" (in en). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 55 (8): 442–453. doi:10.1093/mnras/55.8.442. ISSN 0035-8711.

[19] Barnard, E. E. (1899-04-14). "Observations of Hind's Variable Nebula in Taurus (N.G.C. 1555), made with the 40 inch Refractor of the Yerkes Observatory". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 59 (7): 372–376. doi:10.1093/mnras/59.7.372. ISSN 0035-8711.

[:4-20] 20.0 ^20.1 Reipurth, Bo; Bally, John; Devine, David (1997-12-01). "Giant Herbig-Haro Flows". The Astronomical Journal 114: 2708. doi:10.1086/118681. ISSN 0004-6256. Bibcode: 1997AJ....114.2708R.

[21] Yamaguchi, Masayuki; Tsukagoshi, Takashi; Muto, Takayuki; Nomura, Hideko; Nakazato, Takeshi; Ikeda, Shiro; Tamura, Motohide; Kawabe, Ryohei (2021), "ALMA Super-resolution Imaging of T Tau: R = 12 au Gap in the Compact Dust Disk around T Tau N", The Astrophysical Journal 923 (1): 121, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac2bfd, Bibcode: 2021ApJ...923..121Y

[22] 'Arrest, Heinrich Ludwig (1868). "Struve's Beobachtung eines Nebelflecks nahe bei Hind's variablem Nebel im Taurus". Astronomische Nachrichten 71: 143–144. Bibcode: 1868AN.....71..139S.

[23] "EDSM - Elite Dangerous Star Map". https://www.edsm.net/en/system/id/31528/name/T+Tauri.

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v t e Stars of Taurus
Bayer	α (Aldebaran) β (Elnath) γ (Prima Hyadum) δ¹ (Secunda Hyadum) δ² δ³ ε (Ain) ζ (Tianguan) η (Alcyone) θ¹ θ² ι κ¹ κ² λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ¹ σ² τ υ φ χ ψ ω¹ ω²
Flamsteed	4 (s) 5 (f) 6 (t) 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 (Celaeno) 17 (Electra) 18 19 (Taygeta) 20 (Maia) 21 (Asterope) 22 (Asterope II) 23 (Merope) 24 26 27 (Atlas) 28 (Pleione) 29 (u) 30 (e) 31 32 33 36 37 (A¹) 39 (A²) 40 41 44 (p) 45 46 47 48 51 53 55 56 57 (h) 58 60 62 63 66 (r) 70 71 72 75 76 79 (b) 80 81 83 84 85 88 (d) 89 90 (c) 93 95 96 97 (i) 98 (k) 99 101 103 104 (m) 105 106 (i) 107 108 109 (n) 110 111 113 114 (o) 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 139 140 44 Eri 49 Eri
Variable	T Y Z RR RV RW RY RZ SU SV SZ TU UX UZ VY XX XZ AA AH BP CD CI CQ CT CU CW CY DD DF DG DH DI DL DM DN DO DQ DR DS EQ EU FN FS FV GG GI GK GV HK HL HU IK V410 V471 V473 V479 V534 V624 V647 V650 V710 V711 V731 V766 V773 V774 V781 V807 V818 V819 V826 V827 V827 V830 V833 V834 V836 V837 V892 V987 V1038 V1062 V1116 V1137 V1141 V1143 V1156 V1187 V1229 V1232 V1241 (WX Eri)
HR	1023 1028 1039 1067 1085 1089 1102 1103 1110 1119 1137 1159 1172 1183 1185 1188 1201 1222 1224 1233 1237 1238 1253 1254 1257 1279 1280 1284 1295 1307 1310 1315 1349 1354 1358 1360 1370 1385 1400 1402 1403 1406 1413 1425 1427 1436 1442 1445 1446 1448 1455 1477 1480 1490 1512 1517 1554 1566 1575 1585 1633 1642 1741 1750 1755 1831 1847 1860 1878 1902 1921 1929 1954 1997 2013 2074
HD	21032 21585 23514 23712 24040 24368 24496 26292 27860 28086 28375 28678 29627 29647 36112 37124 38263 38524 285507
Gliese	Gliese 176
Other	2MASS J03552337+1133437 2MASS J04414489+2301513 A0535+26 BD +24 692 Butterfly star CoKu Tau/4 Crab Pulsar Elias 16 Elias 18 GD 71 Haro 6-37 HBC 379 HH 30 HII 686 HII 1306 HII 1883 HII 3163 HL Tau 76 HP Tau/G2 Hubble I 4 HZ 9 IRAS 04239+2436 IRAS 04248+2612 IRAS 04325+2402 IRAS 04381+2540 L1489 IRS L1527 L1551 IRS 5 L1521F-IRS LkCa 15 MWC 480 PSR B0525+21 PSR B0540+23 PSR J0348+0432 PSR J0538+2813 Teide 1 TMR-1 TMC-1A WD 0346+246 WISE 0410+1502
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Astronomy:T Tauri

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Contents

Orbital characteristics and mass

Variability and optical extinction

Outflow system

Surrounding nebulosity

Planetary system

Struve's Lost Nebula

In popular culture

See also

References

External links

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Astronomy:T Tauri

Orbital characteristics and mass

Variability and optical extinction

Outflow system

Surrounding nebulosity

Planetary system

Struve's Lost Nebula

In popular culture

See also

References

External links

Navigation

Wiki tools

Page tools

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