Astronomy:Rho Persei

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Short description: Star in the constellation Perseus
ρ Persei
Location of ρ Persei (circled)
Observation data
Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS)
Constellation Perseus
Right ascension  03h 05m 10.59385s[1]
Declination +38° 50′ 24.9943″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) +3.39[2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage AGB[3]
Spectral type M4 II[4]
U−B color index +1.79[2]
B−V color index +1.65[2]
Variable type SRb[4]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+29.10±0.30[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: +129.22[1] mas/yr
Dec.: –105.70[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)10.60 ± 0.25[1] mas
Distance308 ± 7 ly
(94 ± 2 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)−1.7[6]
Details[7]
Mass1.9±0.7 M☉
Radius143±12 R☉
Luminosity2,692+192
−180 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)0.37±0.15 cgs
Temperature3,479±125 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.15 dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)11.2[8] km/s
Age440[9] Myr
Other designations
Gorgonea Tertia, Rho Per, ρ Per, 25 Persei, BD+38°630, FK5 109, GC 3682, HD 19058, HIP 14354, HR 921, SAO 56138, PPM 68074[10]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Rho Persei, Latinized from ρ Persei, is a star in the northern constellation of Perseus. It has the traditional name Gorgonea Tertia /ɡɔːrɡəˈniːə ˈtɜːrʃə/,[11] being the third member of the quartet called the Gorgonea in reference to the Gorgons from the legend of Perseus.[9] An apparent visual magnitude of +3.39[2] makes it visible to the naked eye, but a challenge to view from a well-lit urban environment. Based upon parallax measurements, it is located at a distance of roughly 308 light-years (94 pc) from Earth.[1]

A visual band light curve for Rho Persei, plotted from AAVSO data[12]

Johann Schmidt discovered that Rho Persei is a variable star, in 1854.[13][14] Rho Persei is a semiregular variable star, whose apparent magnitude varies between 3.3 and 4.0[15] with periods of 50, 120 and 250 days.[6] The star has reached the asymptotic giant branch of its evolution.[3] It is a bright giant star with a stellar classification of M4 II.[4] The outer envelope has an effective temperature of 3,479 K,[7] giving it the red-orange hue of an M-type star.[16]

This star has a mass 1.9 times the mass of the Sun, while its radius has expanded to 143 times solar. It is radiating some 2,700 times the Sun's luminosity.[7] Rho Persei is losing mass at the rate of 1.2×10−8 solar masses per year, or the equivalent of the Sun's mass every 83 million years.[17] It is about 440 million years in age.[9]

Naming

In Chinese, 大陵 (Dà Líng), meaning Mausoleum, refers to an asterism consisting of ρ Persei, 9 Persei, τ Persei, ι Persei, κ Persei, β Persei, 16 Persei and 12 Persei. Consequently, the Chinese name for ρ Persei itself is 大陵六 (Dà Líng liù, English: the Sixth Star of Mausoleum.).[18]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 (2): 653–664, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, Bibcode: 2007A&A...474..653V 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Nicolet, B. (1978), "Photoelectric photometric Catalogue of homogeneous measurements in the UBV System", Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series 34: 1–49, Bibcode: 1978A&AS...34....1N 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Eggen, Olin J. (July 1992), "Asymptotic giant branch stars near the sun", Astronomical Journal 104 (1): 275–313, doi:10.1086/116239, Bibcode: 1992AJ....104..275E 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Ragland, S. et al. (November 2006), "First Surface-resolved Results with the Infrared Optical Telescope Array Imaging Interferometer: Detection of Asymmetries in Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars", The Astrophysical Journal 652 (1): 650–660, doi:10.1086/507453, Bibcode: 2006ApJ...652..650R 
  5. ↑ Famaey, B. et al. (May 2009), "Spectroscopic binaries among Hipparcos M giants. I. Data, orbits, and intrinsic variations", Astronomy and Astrophysics 498 (2): 627–640, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200810698, Bibcode: 2009A&A...498..627F 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Yeşilyaprak, C.; Aslan, Z. (December 2004), "Period-luminosity relation for M-type semiregular variables from Hipparcos parallaxes", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 355 (2): 601–607, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08344.x, Bibcode: 2004MNRAS.355..601Y 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Kallinger, T. et al. (April 2019), "Stellar masses from granulation and oscillations of 23 bright red giants observed by BRITE-Constellation", Astronomy & Astrophysics 624: 17, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834514, A35, Bibcode: 2019A&A...624A..35K. 
  8. ↑ Massarotti, Alessandro et al. (January 2008), "Rotational and Radial Velocities for a Sample of 761 HIPPARCOS Giants and the Role of Binarity", The Astronomical Journal 135 (1): 209–231, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/135/1/209, Bibcode: 2008AJ....135..209M 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Kaler, James B., "GORGONEA TERTIA (Rho Persei)", Stars (University of Illinois), http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/gorgtert.html, retrieved 2012-01-25 
  10. ↑ "rho Per -- Semi-regular pulsating Star", SIMBAD (Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg), http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=Rho+Persei, retrieved 2012-01-24 
  11. ↑ Allen, Richard Hinckley (1899), "Star-names and their meanings", New York (G. E. Stechert): 334, Bibcode: 1899sntm.book.....A, https://books.google.com/books?id=5xQuAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA334 
  12. ↑ Enhanced LCG, AAVSO, https://www.aavso.org/LCGv2/, retrieved 21 September 2022. 
  13. ↑ Cannon, Annie J. (1907). "Second catalogue of variable stars". Annals of Harvard College Observatory 55: 1–94. Bibcode: 1907AnHar..55....1C. https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1907AnHar..55....1C. Retrieved 16 December 2024. 
  14. ↑ "rho Per". AAVSO. https://www.aavso.org/vsx/index.php?view=detail.top&oid=26208. 
  15. ↑ Kukarkin, B. V. et al. (1971), General Catalogue of Variable Stars (3rd ed.), Bibcode: 1971GCVS3.C......0K 
  16. ↑ "The Colour of Stars", Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation), December 21, 2004, http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html, retrieved 2012-01-16 
  17. ↑ Cox, Arthur N.; Becker, Stephen A.; Pesnell, W. Dean (2000), "Chapter 20. Theoretical Stellar Evolution", Allen's astrophysical quantities (4th ed.), New York: Springer, p. 516, ISBN 0-387-98746-0, http://extras.springer.com/2000/978-0-387-95189-8/BookChap/book20.pdf, retrieved 2012-01-25  See table 20.5
  18. ↑ (in Chinese) AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 11 日



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