Biology:Provora

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Short description: Group of eukaryotic microorganisms

Provora
Ubysseya fretuma, a nibblerid predator
Scientific classification e
Clade: Diaphoretickes
Clade: Provora
Tikhonenkov et al. 2022[1]
Clades
  • Nebulidia
  • Nibbleridia

Provora is a proposed supergroup of eukaryotes made up of predatory microbes, "devouring voracious protists". It was reported that ten strains were isolated and cultured in 2022. They are predators of other microorganisms. Their discovery was very delayed, compared to other microorganisms in their environments, due to their rarity. Their 18S ribosomal RNA is very different from that of other eukaryotes consistent with their being a lineage without close relatives; this was confirmed by phylogenomic analyses of datasets of several hundred proteins, so they were taxonomically placed in a separate supergroup.[1]

Phylogeny

External relationships

The supergroup Provora is composed of strains that form an ancient lineage within the eukaryote clade Diaphoretickes. Phylogenetic analyses have recovered the following cladogram shape:[1]

 
Diaphoretickes
 
 
 
TSAR
 

SAR

 
 

Telonemia

 
 
 

Haptista

 
 
 

Provora

 
 
 

Hemimastigophora

 
 
 
 

Cryptista

 
 

Archaeplastida

 
 
 
 

Discoba

 
 
 
 
 

Metamonada

 
 

Ancyromonadida

 
 
 
 

Malawimonadida

 
 
 

CRuMs

 
 
 

Amoebozoa

 
 

Obazoa

 
 
 
 
 

Internal relationships

The phylogenetic relationships between the 7 described species is the following:[1]

Provora
Nebulidia
 

Nebulomonas marisrubri

 
 

Ancoracysta twista

 
 
Nibbleridia
 

Ubysseya fretuma

 
Nibbleromonas
 

N. arcticus

 
 
 

N. kosolapovi

 
 
 

N. curacaus

 
 

N. quarantinus

 
 
 
 
 
 

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Tikhonenkov, Denis V.; Mikhailov, Kirill V.; Gawryluk, Ryan M. R.; Belyaev, Artem O.; Mathur, Varsha; Karpov, Sergey A.; Zagumyonnyi, Dmitry G.; Borodina, Anastasia S. et al. (2022). "Microbial predators form a new supergroup of eukaryotes". Nature 612 (7941): 714–719. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05511-5. PMID 36477531. Bibcode: 2022Natur.612..714T.