Biology:Scotokaryotes

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Short description: A theoretical clade in the Eukaryota taxonomical domain

Scotokaryotes
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Clade: Scotokaryotes
Clades
Synonyms
  • Opimoda Derelle et al., 2015[1]

The Scotokaryotes (Cavalier-Smith) is a proposed basal Neokaryote clade as sister of the Diaphoretickes. Basal Scotokaryote groupings are the Metamonads, the Malawimonas and the Podiata.[2][3] In this phylogeny the Discoba are sometimes seen as paraphyletic and basal Eukaryotes.

An alternative to the Unikont–Bikont division was suggested by Derelle et al. in 2015,[1] where they proposed the acronyms Opimoda–Diphoda respectively, as substitutes to the older terms (Opimoda includes the old 'unikonts', plus some former bikonts; Diphoda includes most of the old 'bikonts', but not all). The name Opimoda is formed from the letters (shown in capitals) of OPIsthokonta and aMOebozoa. In this phylogeny Discoba belongs to the Diphoda clade.

Taxonomy

A proposed cladogram is[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Eukaryota
 

Tsukubea

 
 
Discicristata
 

EuglenozoaEuglena mutabilis - 400x - 1 (10388739803).jpg

 
 

PercolozoaPercolomonas sp.jpg

 
 
Orthokaryotes
 

JakobeaVelundella nauta DIC 2015.jpg

 
Neokaryotes
Corticata/Diaphoretickes/
 

ArchaeplastidaSpirotaenia condensata.jpgSunflower sky backdrop.jpg

 
Chromista
 

HacrobiaGephyrocapsa oceanica color.jpg

 
 

SARAulacanthas 01.jpg

 
 
SAR HA Supergroup/Bikont
Scotokaryotes/Opimoda/Neozoa
 

MetamonadaGiardia lamblia.jpg

 
 
 

MalawimonadMalawimonasms.jpg

 
Podiata
 

CRuMsCollodictyon with Peridinium.jpg

 
Amorphea/
 

AmoebozoaCollection Penard MHNG Specimen 01-1-1 Amoeba alba.tif

 
Obazoa
 

BreviateaHyalosphenia papilio from Hawley Bog Massachusetts.jpg

 
 
 

ApusomonadidaPodomonas kaiyoae C.jpg

 
 

Opisthokonta/Choanozoa2006-08-09 Amanita citrina 46465 cropped.jpgJelly Monterey.jpg

 
 
 
Unikont
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

See also

  • Diphoda

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derelle, Romain; Torruella, Guifré; Klimeš, Vladimír; Brinkmann, Henner; Kim, Eunsoo; Vlček, Čestmír; Lang, B. Franz; Eliáš, Marek (17 February 2015). "Bacterial proteins pinpoint a single eukaryotic root" (in en). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112 (7): E693–E699. doi:10.1073/pnas.1420657112. PMID 25646484. Bibcode: 2015PNAS..112E.693D. 
  2. ↑ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2013-05-01). "Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa". European Journal of Protistology 49 (2): 115–178. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2012.06.001. PMID 23085100. 
  3. ↑ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2017). "Euglenoid pellicle morphogenesis and evolution in light of comparative ultrastructure and trypanosomatid biology: semi-conservative microtubule/strip duplication, strip shaping and transformation". European Journal of Protistology 61 (Pt A): 137–179. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2017.09.002. PMID 29073503. 
  4. ↑ Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka, Katarzyna; Caceres, Eva F.; Saw, Jimmy H.; Bäckström, Disa; Juzokaite, Lina; Vancaester, Emmelien; Seitz, Kiley W.; Anantharaman, Karthik et al. (2017-01-11). "Asgard archaea illuminate the origin of eukaryotic cellular complexity" (in en). Nature advance online publication (7637): 353–358. doi:10.1038/nature21031. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 28077874. Bibcode: 2017Natur.541..353Z. https://escholarship.org/content/qt0qh5400s/qt0qh5400s.pdf?t=pgp8bj. 
  5. ↑ Derelle, Romain; Torruella, Guifré; Klimeš, Vladimír; Brinkmann, Henner; Kim, Eunsoo; Vlček, Čestmír; Lang, B. Franz; Eliáš, Marek (2015-02-17). "Bacterial proteins pinpoint a single eukaryotic root" (in en). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112 (7): E693–E699. doi:10.1073/pnas.1420657112. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 25646484. Bibcode: 2015PNAS..112E.693D. 
  6. ↑ Cavalier-Smith, T.; Chao, E. E.; Snell, E. A.; Berney, C.; Fiore-Donno, A. M.; Lewis, R. (2014). "Multigene eukaryote phylogeny reveals the likely protozoan ancestors of opisthokonts (animals, fungi, choanozoans) and Amoebozoa". Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution 81: 71–85. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.08.012. PMID 25152275. 
  7. ↑ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2010-06-23). "Kingdoms Protozoa and Chromista and the eozoan root of the eukaryotic tree" (in en). Biology Letters 6 (3): 342–345. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0948. ISSN 1744-9561. PMID 20031978. 
  8. ↑ He, Ding; Fiz-Palacios, Omar; Fu, Cheng-Jie; Fehling, Johanna; Tsai, Chun-Chieh; Baldauf, Sandra L. (2014). "An Alternative Root for the Eukaryote Tree of Life". Current Biology 24 (4): 465–470. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.01.036. PMID 24508168. 
  9. ↑ Cavelier Smith (2013). "Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa". European Journal of Protistology 49 (2): 115–178. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2012.06.001. PMID 23085100. 
  10. ↑ Hug, Laura A.; Baker, Brett J.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Brown, Christopher T.; Probst, Alexander J.; Castelle, Cindy J.; Butterfield, Cristina N.; Hernsdorf, Alex W. et al. (2016-04-11). "A new view of the tree of life" (in en). Nature Microbiology 1 (5): 16048. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.48. ISSN 2058-5276. PMID 27572647. 
  11. ↑ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Chao, Ema E.; Lewis, Rhodri (2016-06-01). "187-gene phylogeny of protozoan phylum Amoebozoa reveals a new class (Cutosea) of deep-branching, ultrastructurally unique, enveloped marine Lobosa and clarifies amoeba evolution". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 99: 275–296. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.023. PMID 27001604. 
  12. ↑ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2017-09-05). "Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences" (in en). Protoplasma 255 (1): 297–357. doi:10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3. ISSN 0033-183X. PMID 28875267. 

Wikidata ☰ Q21399998 entry



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