Chemistry:Lead carbonate

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Lead carbonate
Names
IUPAC name
Lead(II) carbonate
Other names
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
EC Number
  • 209-943-4
RTECS number
  • OF9275000
UNII
Properties
PbCO
3
Molar mass 267.21 g/mol
Appearance White powder
Density 6.582 g/cm3
Melting point 315 °C (599 °F; 588 K) (decomposes)
0.00011 g/(100 mL) (20 °C)
1.46·10−13
Solubility insoluble in alcohol, ammonia;
soluble in acid, alkali
−61.2·10−6 cm3/mol
1.804[1]
Hazards
Safety data sheet External MSDS
GHS pictograms GHS07: HarmfulGHS08: Health hazardGHS09: Environmental hazard
GHS Signal word Danger
H302, H332, H360, H373, H410
P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P281, P301+312, P304+312, P304+340, P308+313, P312, P314, P330, P391, P405, P501
Flash point Non-flammable
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Lead(II) carbonate is the chemical compound with the chemical formula PbCO
3
. It is a white, toxic solid.[2] It occurs naturally as the mineral cerussite.[3]

Structure

Like all metal carbonates, lead(II) carbonate adopts a dense, highly crosslinked structure consisting of intact CO2−
3
and metal cation sites. As verified by X-ray crystallography, the Pb(II) centers are seven-coordinate, being surrounded by multiple carbonate ligands. The carbonate centers are bonded bidentate to a single Pb and bridge to five other Pb sites.[4]

Pb site in PbCO
3
, highlighting seven-coordination and the presence of one bidentate carbonate ligand for each Pb center.

Production and use

Lead carbonate is manufactured by passing carbon dioxide into a cold dilute solution of lead(II) acetate, or by shaking a suspension of a lead salt more soluble than the carbonate with ammonium carbonate at a low temperature to avoid formation of basic lead carbonate.[2]

Pb(CH
3
COO)
2
+ [NH
4
]
2
CO
3
→ PbCO
3
+ 2 [NH
4
](CH
3
COO)

Lead carbonate is used as a catalyst to polymerize formaldehyde to poly(oxymethylene). It improves the bonding of chloroprene to wire.[2]

Regulations

The supply and use of this compound is restricted in Europe.[5]

Other lead carbonates

A number of lead carbonates are known:

  • White lead, a basic lead carbonate, 2PbCO
    3
     · Pb(OH)
    2
  • Shannonite, PbCO
    3
     · PbO
  • Plumbonacrite, 3PbCO
    3
     · Pb(OH)
    2
     · PbO
    [6]
  • PbCO
    3
     · 2PbO
  • Abellaite, NaPb
    2
    (OH)(CO
    3
    )
    2
  • Leadhillite, 2PbCO
    3
     · PbSO
    4
     · Pb(OH)
    2

References

  1. ↑ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Carr, Dodd S. (2005). "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a15_249. 
  3. ↑ Inorganic Chemistry, Egon Wiberg, Arnold Frederick Holleman Elsevier 2001 ISBN 0-12-352651-5
  4. ↑ Sahl, Kurt (1974). "Verfeinerung der Kristallstruktur von Cerussit, PbCO3". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie 139 (3–5): 215–222. doi:10.1524/zkri.1974.139.3-5.215. Bibcode: 1974ZK....139..215S. 
  5. ↑ "EU law - EUR-Lex". http://eur-lex.europa.eu/en/index.htm. 
  6. ↑ S.V. Krivovichev and P.C. Burns, "Crystal chemistry of basic lead carbonates. II. Crystal structure of synthetic 'plumbonacrite'." Mineralogical Magazine, 64(6), pp. 1069-1075, December 2000. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-05-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20090521065308/http://www.nd.edu/~pburns/pcb075.pdf. Retrieved 2009-05-21. 
Carbonates
H2CO3 He
Li2CO3,
LiHCO3
BeCO3 B C (NH4)2CO3,
NH4HCO3
O F Ne
Na2CO3,
NaHCO3,
Na3H(CO3)2
MgCO3,
Mg(HCO3)2
Al2(CO3)3 Si P S Cl Ar
K2CO3,
KHCO3
CaCO3,
Ca(HCO3)2
Sc Ti V Cr MnCO3 FeCO3 CoCO3 NiCO3 CuCO3 ZnCO3 Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb2CO3 SrCO3 Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag2CO3 CdCO3 In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs2CO3,
CsHCO3
BaCO3   Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl2CO3 PbCO3 (BiO)2CO3 Po At Rn
Fr Ra   Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
↓
La2(CO3)3 Ce2(CO3)3 Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
Ac Th Pa UO2CO3 Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr