KOI8-R

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Short description: Character encoding
KOI8-R
Alias(es)cp878 (code page 878)
Language(s)Russian, Bulgarian
Classification8-bit KOI, extended ASCII
ExtendsKOI8-B
Based onKOI-8
Other related encoding(s)KOI8-U, KOI8-RU

KOI8-R (RFC 1489) is an 8-bit character encoding, derived from the KOI-8 encoding by the programmer Andrei Chernov in 1993 and designed to cover Russian, which uses a Cyrillic alphabet. KOI8-R was based on Russian Morse code, which was created from a phonetic version of Latin Morse code. As a result, Russian Cyrillic letters are in pseudo-Roman order rather than the normal Cyrillic alphabetical order. Although this may seem unnatural, if the 8th bit is stripped, the text is partially readable in ASCII and may convert to syntactically correct KOI-7. For example, "Русский Текст" in KOI8-R becomes rUSSKIJ tEKST ("Russian Text").

KOI8 stands for Kod Obmena Informatsiey, 8 bit (Russian: Код Обмена Информацией, 8 бит) which means "Code for Information Exchange, 8 bit". In Microsoft Windows, KOI8-R is assigned the code page number 20866. In IBM, KOI8-R is assigned code page 878.[1][2] KOI8-R also happens to cover Bulgarian, but has not been used for that purpose since CP1251 was accepted. The use of these older code pages is being replaced with Unicode as a more common way to represent Cyrillic together with other languages.

Unicode is preferred to KOI-8 and its variants or other Cyrillic encodings in modern applications, especially on the Internet, making UTF-8 the dominant encoding for web pages. KOI8-R, the most popular variant, is used by less than 0.004% of websites which are mainly Russian and Bulgarian. However, both groups prefer other encodings.[citation needed] For further discussion of Unicode's complete coverage of 436 Cyrillic letters/code points, including for Old Cyrillic, and how single-byte character encodings, such as Windows-1251 and KOI8 variants, cannot provide this, see Cyrillic script in Unicode.

Character set

The following table shows the KOI8-R encoding. Each character is shown with its equivalent Unicode code point.

KOI8-R[3][4][5][6]
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
 SP  ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . /
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ?
@ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O
P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^
` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o
p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~

2500

2502

250C

2510

2514

2518

251C

2524

252C

2534

253C

2580

2584

2588

258C

2590

2591

2592

2593

2320

25A0

2219

221A

2248

2264

2265
NBSP
2321
°
00B0
²
00B2
·
00B7
÷
00F7

2550

2551

2552
ё
0451

2553

2554

2555

2556

2557

2558

2559

255A

255B

255C

255D

255E

255F

2560

2561
Ё
0401

2562

2563

2564

2565

2566

2567

2568

2569

256A

256B

256C
©
00A9
ю
044E
а
0430
б
0431
ц
0446
д
0434
е
0435
ф
0444
г
0433
х
0445
и
0438
й
0439
к
043A
л
043B
м
043C
н
043D
о
043E
п
043F
я
044F
р
0440
с
0441
т
0442
у
0443
ж
0436
в
0432
ь
044C
ы
044B
з
0437
ш
0448
э
044D
щ
0449
ч
0447
ъ
044A
Ю
042E
А
0410
Б
0411
Ц
0426
Д
0414
Е
0415
Ф
0424
Г
0413
Х
0425
И
0418
Й
0419
К
041A
Л
041B
М
041C
Н
041D
О
041E
П
041F
Я
042F
Р
0420
С
0421
Т
0422
У
0423
Ж
0416
В
0412
Ь
042C
Ы
042B
З
0417
Ш
0428
Э
042D
Щ
0429
Ч
0427
Ъ
042A

See also

  • KOI8-B, a derivation of KOI8-R with only the letter subset implemented
  • KOI8-U, another derivative encoding which adds Ukrainian characters
  • KOI character encodings
  • RELCOM
  • Windows-1251, another common Cyrillic character encoding

References

Further reading

  • "Locale::RecodeData::KOI8_R - Conversion routines for KOI8-R". CPAN libintl-perl. 2016. http://search.cpan.org/~guido/libintl-perl/lib/Locale/RecodeData/KOI8_R.pm. 
  • "koi8-r (Russian U*IX encoding, also used by RELCOM)". http://www.kostis.net/charsets/koi8-r.htm. 
  • RFC 1489
  • "KOI8-R (RFC 1489)". Kermit. Columbia University. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ftp/charsets/koi8r.txt. 
  • "CYRILLIC ENCODING FAQ Version 1.3". 1993-03-13. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ftp/charsets/cyrillic-summary.txt. 

External links