List of ISO 639-1 codes
From HandWiki
Short description: Standard abbreviations for languages
ISO 639 is a standardized nomenclature used to classify languages. Each language is assigned a two-letter (639-1) and three-letter (639-2 and 639-3) lowercase abbreviation, amended in later versions of the nomenclature.
This table lists all of:
- ISO 639-1: two-letter codes, one per language for ISO 639 macrolanguage
And some of:
- ISO 639-2/T: three-letter codes, for the same languages as 639-1
- ISO 639-2/B: three-letter codes, mostly the same as 639-2/T, but with some codes derived from English names rather than native names of languages (in the following table, these differing codes are highlighted in boldface)
- ISO 639-3: three-letter codes, the same as 639-2/T for languages, but with distinct codes for each variety of an ISO 639 macrolanguage
| ISO language name | 639-1 | 639-2/T | 639-2/B | 639-3 | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abkhazian | Template:Iso639-1 |
abk |
abk |
abk |
also known as Abkhaz |
| Afar | Template:Iso639-1 |
aar |
aar |
aar |
|
| Afrikaans | Template:Iso639-1 |
afr |
afr |
afr |
|
| Akan | Template:Iso639-1 |
aka |
aka |
aka + 2 |
macrolanguage, Twi is tw/twi, Fanti is fat
|
| Albanian | Template:Iso639-1 |
sqi |
alb |
sqi + 4 |
macrolanguage, called "Albanian Phylozone" in 639-6 |
| Amharic | Template:Iso639-1 |
amh |
amh |
amh |
|
| Arabic | Template:Iso639-1 |
ara |
ara |
ara + 29 |
macrolanguage, Standard Arabic is arb
|
| Aragonese | Template:Iso639-1 |
arg |
arg |
arg |
|
| Armenian | Template:Iso639-1 |
hye |
arm |
hye |
ISO 639-3 code hye is for Eastern Armenian, hyw is for Western Armenian, and xcl is for Classical Armenian
|
| Assamese | Template:Iso639-1 |
asm |
asm |
asm |
|
| Avaric | Template:Iso639-1 |
ava |
ava |
ava |
also known as Avar |
| Avestan | Template:Iso639-1 |
ave |
ave |
ave |
ancient |
| Aymara | Template:Iso639-1 |
aym |
aym |
aym + 2 |
macrolanguage |
| Azerbaijani | Template:Iso639-1 |
aze |
aze |
aze + 2 |
macrolanguage, also known as Azeri |
| Bambara | Template:Iso639-1 |
bam |
bam |
bam |
|
| Bashkir | Template:Iso639-1 |
bak |
bak |
bak |
|
| Basque | Template:Iso639-1 |
eus |
baq |
eus |
|
| Belarusian | Template:Iso639-1 |
bel |
bel |
bel |
|
| Bengali | Template:Iso639-1 |
ben |
ben |
ben |
also known as Bangla |
| Bislama | Template:Iso639-1 |
bis |
bis |
bis |
Language formed from English and Vanuatuan languages, with some French influence. |
| Bosnian | Template:Iso639-1 |
bos |
bos |
bos |
|
| Breton | Template:Iso639-1 |
bre |
bre |
bre |
|
| Bulgarian | Template:Iso639-1 |
bul |
bul |
bul |
|
| Burmese | Template:Iso639-1 |
mya |
bur |
mya |
also known as Myanmar |
| Catalan, Valencian | Template:Iso639-1 |
cat |
cat |
cat |
|
| Chamorro | Template:Iso639-1 |
cha |
cha |
cha |
|
| Chechen | Template:Iso639-1 |
che |
che |
che |
|
| Chichewa, Chewa, Nyanja | Template:Iso639-1 |
nya |
nya |
nya |
|
| Chinese | Template:Iso639-1 |
zho |
chi |
zho + 16 |
macrolanguage |
| Church Slavonic, Old Slavonic, Old Church Slavonic | Template:Iso639-1 |
chu |
chu |
chu |
ancient, in use by the Eastern Orthodox Church |
| Chuvash | Template:Iso639-1 |
chv |
chv |
chv |
|
| Cornish | Template:Iso639-1 |
cor |
cor |
cor |
|
| Corsican | Template:Iso639-1 |
cos |
cos |
cos |
|
| Cree | Template:Iso639-1 |
cre |
cre |
cre + 6 |
macrolanguage |
| Croatian | Template:Iso639-1 |
hrv |
hrv |
hrv |
|
| Czech | Template:Iso639-1 |
ces |
cze |
ces |
|
| Danish | Template:Iso639-1 |
dan |
dan |
dan |
|
| Divehi, Dhivehi, Maldivian | Template:Iso639-1 |
div |
div |
div |
|
| Dutch, Flemish | Template:Iso639-1 |
nld |
dut |
nld |
Flemish is not to be confused with the closely related West Flemish which is referred to as Vlaams (Dutch for "Flemish") in ISO 639-3 and has the ISO 639-3 code vls
|
| Dzongkha | Template:Iso639-1 |
dzo |
dzo |
dzo |
|
| English | Template:Iso639-1 |
eng |
eng |
eng |
|
| Esperanto | Template:Iso639-1 |
epo |
epo |
epo |
constructed, initially by L.L. Zamenhof in 1887 |
| Estonian | Template:Iso639-1 |
est |
est |
est + 2 |
macrolanguage |
| Ewe | Template:Iso639-1 |
ewe |
ewe |
ewe |
|
| Faroese | Template:Iso639-1 |
fao |
fao |
fao |
|
| Fijian | Template:Iso639-1 |
fij |
fij |
fij |
|
| Finnish | Template:Iso639-1 |
fin |
fin |
fin |
|
| French | Template:Iso639-1 |
fra |
fre |
fra |
|
| Western Frisian | Template:Iso639-1 |
fry |
fry |
fry |
also known as Frisian |
| Fulah | Template:Iso639-1 |
ful |
ful |
ful + 9 |
macrolanguage, also known as Fula |
| Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic | Template:Iso639-1 |
gla |
gla |
gla |
|
| Galician | Template:Iso639-1 |
glg |
glg |
glg |
|
| Ganda | Template:Iso639-1 |
lug |
lug |
lug |
|
| Georgian | Template:Iso639-1 |
kat |
geo |
kat |
|
| German | Template:Iso639-1 |
deu |
ger |
deu |
|
| Greek, Modern (1453–) | Template:Iso639-1 |
ell |
gre |
ell |
for Ancient Greek, use the ISO 639-3 code grc
|
| Kalaallisut, Greenlandic | Template:Iso639-1 |
kal |
kal |
kal |
|
| Guarani | Template:Iso639-1 |
grn |
grn |
grn + 5 |
macrolanguage |
| Gujarati | Template:Iso639-1 |
guj |
guj |
guj |
|
| Haitian, Haitian Creole | Template:Iso639-1 |
hat |
hat |
hat |
|
| Hausa | Template:Iso639-1 |
hau |
hau |
hau |
|
| Hebrew | Template:Iso639-1 |
heb |
heb |
heb |
Modern Hebrew. Code changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, iw.[1]
|
| Herero | Template:Iso639-1 |
her |
her |
her |
|
| Hindi | Template:Iso639-1 |
hin |
hin |
hin |
|
| Hiri Motu | Template:Iso639-1 |
hmo |
hmo |
hmo |
|
| Hungarian | Template:Iso639-1 |
hun |
hun |
hun |
|
| Icelandic | Template:Iso639-1 |
isl |
ice |
isl |
|
| Ido | Template:Iso639-1 |
ido |
ido |
ido |
constructed by De Beaufront, 1907, as variation of Esperanto |
| Igbo | Template:Iso639-1 |
ibo |
ibo |
ibo |
|
| Indonesian | Template:Iso639-1 |
ind |
ind |
ind |
covered by macrolanguage ms/msa. Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, in.[1]
|
| Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) | Template:Iso639-1 |
ina |
ina |
ina |
constructed by the International Auxiliary Language Association |
| Interlingue, Occidental | Template:Iso639-1 |
ile |
ile |
ile |
constructed by Edgar de Wahl, first published in 1922 |
| Inuktitut | Template:Iso639-1 |
iku |
iku |
iku + 2 |
macrolanguage |
| Inupiaq | Template:Iso639-1 |
ipk |
ipk |
ipk + 2 |
macrolanguage |
| Irish | Template:Iso639-1 |
gle |
gle |
gle |
|
| Italian | Template:Iso639-1 |
ita |
ita |
ita |
|
| Japanese | Template:Iso639-1 |
jpn |
jpn |
jpn |
|
| Javanese | Template:Iso639-1 |
jav |
jav |
jav |
|
| Kannada | Template:Iso639-1 |
kan |
kan |
kan |
|
| Kanuri | Template:Iso639-1 |
kau |
kau |
kau + 3 |
macrolanguage |
| Kashmiri | Template:Iso639-1 |
kas |
kas |
kas |
|
| Kazakh | Template:Iso639-1 |
kaz |
kaz |
kaz |
|
| Central Khmer | Template:Iso639-1 |
khm |
khm |
khm |
also known as Khmer or Cambodian |
| Kikuyu, Gikuyu | Template:Iso639-1 |
kik |
kik |
kik |
|
| Kinyarwanda | Template:Iso639-1 |
kin |
kin |
kin |
|
| Kirghiz, Kyrgyz | Template:Iso639-1 |
kir |
kir |
kir |
|
| Komi | Template:Iso639-1 |
kom |
kom |
kom + 2 |
macrolanguage |
| Kongo | Template:Iso639-1 |
kon |
kon |
kon + 3 |
macrolanguage |
| Korean | Template:Iso639-1 |
kor |
kor |
kor |
|
| Kuanyama, Kwanyama | Template:Iso639-1 |
kua |
kua |
kua |
|
| Kurdish | Template:Iso639-1 |
kur |
kur |
kur + 3 |
macrolanguage |
| Lao | Template:Iso639-1 |
lao |
lao |
lao |
|
| Latin | Template:Iso639-1 |
lat |
lat |
lat |
ancient |
| Latvian | Template:Iso639-1 |
lav |
lav |
lav + 2 |
macrolanguage |
| Limburgan, Limburger, Limburgish | Template:Iso639-1 |
lim |
lim |
lim |
|
| Lingala | Template:Iso639-1 |
lin |
lin |
lin |
|
| Lithuanian | Template:Iso639-1 |
lit |
lit |
lit |
|
| Luba-Katanga | Template:Iso639-1 |
lub |
lub |
lub |
also known as Luba-Shaba |
| Luxembourgish, Letzeburgesch | Template:Iso639-1 |
ltz |
ltz |
ltz |
|
| Macedonian | Template:Iso639-1 |
mkd |
mac |
mkd |
|
| Malagasy | Template:Iso639-1 |
mlg |
mlg |
mlg + 11 |
macrolanguage |
| Malay | Template:Iso639-1 |
msa |
may |
msa + 36 |
macrolanguage, Standard Malay is zsm, Indonesian is id/ind
|
| Malayalam | Template:Iso639-1 |
mal |
mal |
mal |
|
| Maltese | Template:Iso639-1 |
mlt |
mlt |
mlt |
|
| Manx | Template:Iso639-1 |
glv |
glv |
glv |
|
| Maori | Template:Iso639-1 |
mri |
mao |
mri |
also known as Māori |
| Marathi | Template:Iso639-1 |
mar |
mar |
mar |
also known as Marāṭhī |
| Marshallese | Template:Iso639-1 |
mah |
mah |
mah |
|
| Mongolian | Template:Iso639-1 |
mon |
mon |
mon + 2 |
macrolanguage |
| Nauru | Template:Iso639-1 |
nau |
nau |
nau |
also known as Nauruan |
| Navajo, Navaho | Template:Iso639-1 |
nav |
nav |
nav |
|
| North Ndebele | Template:Iso639-1 |
nde |
nde |
nde |
also known as Northern Ndebele |
| South Ndebele | Template:Iso639-1 |
nbl |
nbl |
nbl |
also known as Southern Ndebele |
| Ndonga | Template:Iso639-1 |
ndo |
ndo |
ndo |
|
| Nepali | Template:Iso639-1 |
nep |
nep |
nep + 2 |
macrolanguage |
| Norwegian | Template:Iso639-1 |
nor |
nor |
nor + 2 |
macrolanguage, Bokmål is nb/nob, Nynorsk is nn/nno
|
| Norwegian Bokmål | Template:Iso639-1 |
nob |
nob |
nob |
covered by macrolanguage no/nor
|
| Norwegian Nynorsk | Template:Iso639-1 |
nno |
nno |
nno |
covered by macrolanguage no/nor
|
| Sichuan Yi, Nuosu | Template:Iso639-1 |
iii |
iii |
iii |
standard form of the Yi languages |
| Occitan | Template:Iso639-1 |
oci |
oci |
oci |
|
| Ojibwa | Template:Iso639-1 |
oji |
oji |
oji + 7 |
macrolanguage, also known as Ojibwe |
| Oriya | Template:Iso639-1 |
ori |
ori |
ori + 2 |
macrolanguage, also known as Odia |
| Oromo | Template:Iso639-1 |
orm |
orm |
orm + 4 |
macrolanguage |
| Ossetian, Ossetic | Template:Iso639-1 |
oss |
oss |
oss |
|
| Pali | Template:Iso639-1 |
pli |
pli |
pli |
ancient, also known as Pāli |
| Pashto, Pushto | Template:Iso639-1 |
pus |
pus |
pus + 3 |
macrolanguage |
| Persian | Template:Iso639-1 |
fas |
per |
fas + 2 |
macrolanguage, also known as Farsi |
| Polish | Template:Iso639-1 |
pol |
pol |
pol |
|
| Portuguese | Template:Iso639-1 |
por |
por |
por |
|
| Punjabi, Panjabi | Template:Iso639-1 |
pan |
pan |
pan |
|
| Quechua | Template:Iso639-1 |
que |
que |
que + 43 |
macrolanguage |
| Romanian, Moldavian, Moldovan | Template:Iso639-1 |
ron |
rum |
ron |
the identifiers mo and mol for Moldavian are deprecated. They will not be assigned to different items, and recordings using these identifiers will not be invalid.
|
| Romansh | Template:Iso639-1 |
roh |
roh |
roh |
|
| Rundi | Template:Iso639-1 |
run |
run |
run |
also known as Kirundi |
| Russian | Template:Iso639-1 |
rus |
rus |
rus |
|
| Northern Sami | Template:Iso639-1 |
sme |
sme |
sme |
|
| Samoan | Template:Iso639-1 |
smo |
smo |
smo |
|
| Sango | Template:Iso639-1 |
sag |
sag |
sag |
|
| Sanskrit | Template:Iso639-1 |
san |
san |
san |
ancient |
| Sardinian | Template:Iso639-1 |
srd |
srd |
srd + 4 |
macrolanguage |
| Serbian | Template:Iso639-1 |
srp |
srp |
srp |
the ISO 639-2/T code srp deprecated the ISO 639-2/B code scc[2]
|
| Shona | Template:Iso639-1 |
sna |
sna |
sna |
|
| Sindhi | Template:Iso639-1 |
snd |
snd |
snd |
|
| Sinhala, Sinhalese | Template:Iso639-1 |
sin |
sin |
sin |
|
| Slovak | Template:Iso639-1 |
slk |
slo |
slk |
|
| Slovenian | Template:Iso639-1 |
slv |
slv |
slv |
also known as Slovene |
| Somali | Template:Iso639-1 |
som |
som |
som |
|
| Southern Sotho | Template:Iso639-1 |
sot |
sot |
sot |
|
| Spanish, Castilian | Template:Iso639-1 |
spa |
spa |
spa |
|
| Sundanese | Template:Iso639-1 |
sun |
sun |
sun |
|
| Swahili | Template:Iso639-1 |
swa |
swa |
swa + 2 |
macrolanguage |
| Swati | Template:Iso639-1 |
ssw |
ssw |
ssw |
also known as Swazi |
| Swedish | Template:Iso639-1 |
swe |
swe |
swe |
|
| Tagalog | Template:Iso639-1 |
tgl |
tgl |
tgl |
note: Filipino (Pilipino) has the code fil
|
| Tajik | Template:Iso639-1 |
tgk |
tgk |
tgk |
|
| Tamil | Template:Iso639-1 |
tam |
tam |
tam |
|
| Tatar | Template:Iso639-1 |
tat |
tat |
tat |
|
| Telugu | Template:Iso639-1 |
tel |
tel |
tel |
|
| Thai | Template:Iso639-1 |
tha |
tha |
tha |
|
| Tibetan | Template:Iso639-1 |
bod |
tib |
bod |
also known as Standard Tibetan |
| Tigrinya | Template:Iso639-1 |
tir |
tir |
tir |
|
| Tonga (Tonga Islands) | Template:Iso639-1 |
ton |
ton |
ton |
also known as Tongan |
| Tsonga | Template:Iso639-1 |
tso |
tso |
tso |
|
| Tswana | Template:Iso639-1 |
tsn |
tsn |
tsn |
|
| Turkish | Template:Iso639-1 |
tur |
tur |
tur |
|
| Turkmen | Template:Iso639-1 |
tuk |
tuk |
tuk |
|
| Twi | Template:Iso639-1 |
twi |
twi |
twi |
covered by macrolanguage ak/aka
|
| Uighur, Uyghur | Template:Iso639-1 |
uig |
uig |
uig |
|
| Ukrainian | Template:Iso639-1 |
ukr |
ukr |
ukr |
|
| Urdu | Template:Iso639-1 |
urd |
urd |
urd |
|
| Uzbek | Template:Iso639-1 |
uzb |
uzb |
uzb + 2 |
macrolanguage |
| Venda | Template:Iso639-1 |
ven |
ven |
ven |
|
| Vietnamese | Template:Iso639-1 |
vie |
vie |
vie |
|
| Volapük | Template:Iso639-1 |
vol |
vol |
vol |
constructed |
| Walloon | Template:Iso639-1 |
wln |
wln |
wln |
|
| Welsh | Template:Iso639-1 |
cym |
wel |
cym |
|
| Wolof | Template:Iso639-1 |
wol |
wol |
wol |
|
| Xhosa | Template:Iso639-1 |
xho |
xho |
xho |
|
| Yiddish | Template:Iso639-1 |
yid |
yid |
yid + 2 |
macrolanguage. Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, ji.[1]
|
| Yoruba | Template:Iso639-1 |
yor |
yor |
yor |
|
| Zhuang, Chuang | Template:Iso639-1 |
zha |
zha |
zha + 16 |
macrolanguage |
| Zulu | Template:Iso639-1 |
zul |
zul |
zul |
Table of all possible two letter codes
| aa | ab | ac | ad | ae | af | ag | ah | ai | aj | ak | al | am | an | ao | ap | aq | ar | as | at | au | av | aw | ax | ay | az |
| ba | bb | bc | bd | be | bf | bg | bh | bi | bj | bk | bl | bm | bn | bo | bp | bq | br | bs | bt | bu | bv | bw | bx | by | bz |
| ca | cb | cc | cd | ce | cf | cg | ch | ci | cj | ck | cl | cm | cn | co | cp | cq | cr | cs | ct | cu | cv | cw | cx | cy | cz |
| da | db | dc | dd | de | df | dg | dh | di | dj | dk | dl | dm | dn | do | dp | dq | dr | ds | dt | du | dv | dw | dx | dy | dz |
| ea | eb | ec | ed | ee | ef | eg | eh | ei | ej | ek | el | em | en | eo | ep | eq | er | es | et | eu | ev | ew | ex | ey | ez |
| fa | fb | fc | fd | fe | ff | fg | fh | fi | fj | fk | fl | fm | fn | fo | fp | fq | fr | fs | ft | fu | fv | fw | fx | fy | fz |
| ga | gb | gc | gd | ge | gf | gg | gh | gi | gj | gk | gl | gm | gn | go | gp | gq | gr | gs | gt | gu | gv | gw | gx | gy | gz |
| ha | hb | hc | hd | he | hf | hg | hh | hi | hj | hk | hl | hm | hn | ho | hp | hq | hr | hs | ht | hu | hv | hw | hx | hy | hz |
| ia | ib | ic | id | ie | if | ig | ih | ii | ij | ik | il | im | in | io | ip | iq | ir | is | it | iu | iv | iw | ix | iy | iz |
| ja | jb | jc | jd | je | jf | jg | jh | ji | jj | jk | jl | jm | jn | jo | jp | jq | jr | js | jt | ju | jv | jw | jx | jy | jz |
| ka | kb | kc | kd | ke | kf | kg | kh | ki | kj | kk | kl | km | kn | ko | kp | kq | kr | ks | kt | ku | kv | kw | kx | ky | kz |
| la | lb | lc | ld | le | lf | lg | lh | li | lj | lk | ll | lm | ln | lo | lp | lq | lr | ls | lt | lu | lv | lw | lx | ly | lz |
| ma | mb | mc | md | me | mf | mg | mh | mi | mj | mk | ml | mm | mn | mo | mp | mq | mr | ms | mt | mu | mv | mw | mx | my | mz |
| na | nb | nc | nd | ne | nf | ng | nh | ni | nj | nk | nl | nm | nn | no | np | nq | nr | ns | nt | nu | nv | nw | nx | ny | nz |
| oa | ob | oc | od | oe | of | og | oh | oi | oj | ok | ol | om | on | oo | op | oq | or | os | ot | ou | ov | ow | ox | oy | oz |
| pa | pb | pc | pd | pe | pf | pg | ph | pi | pj | pk | pl | pm | pn | po | pp | pq | pr | ps | pt | pu | pv | pw | px | py | pz |
| qa | qb | qc | qd | qe | qf | qg | qh | qi | qj | qk | ql | qm | qn | qo | qp | qr | qs | qt | qu | qv | qw | qx | qy | qz | |
| ra | rb | rc | rd | re | rf | rg | rh | ri | rj | rk | rl | rm | rn | ro | rp | rq | rr | rs | rt | ru | rv | rw | rx | ry | rz |
| sa | sb | sc | sd | se | sf | sg | sh | si | sj | sk | sl | sm | sn | so | sp | sq | sr | ss | st | su | sv | sw | sx | sy | sz |
| ta | tb | tc | td | te | tf | tg | th | ti | tj | tk | tl | tm | tn | to | tp | tq | tr | ts | tt | tu | tv | tw | tx | ty | tz |
| ua | ub | uc | ud | ue | uf | ug | uh | ui | uj | uk | ul | um | un | uo | up | uq | ur | us | ut | uu | uv | uw | ux | uy | uz |
| va | vb | vc | vd | ve | vf | vg | vh | vi | vj | vk | vl | vm | vn | vo | vp | vq | vr | vs | vt | vu | vv | vw | vx | vy | vz |
| wa | wb | wc | wd | we | wf | wg | wh | wi | wj | wk | wl | wm | wn | wo | wp | wq | wr | ws | wt | wu | wv | ww | wx | wy | wz |
| xa | xb | xc | xd | xe | xf | xg | xh | xi | xj | xk | xl | xm | xn | xo | xp | xq | xr | xs | xt | xu | xv | xw | xx | xy | xz |
| ya | yb | yc | yd | ye | yf | yg | yh | yi | yj | yk | yl | ym | yn | yo | yp | yq | yr | ys | yt | yu | yv | yw | yx | yy | yz |
| za | zb | zc | zd | ze | zf | zg | zh | zi | zj | zk | zl | zm | zn | zo | zp | zq | zr | zs | zt | zu | zv | zw | zx | zy | zz |
| Colour legend | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 183/676 | Officially assigned: assigned to a language | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7/676 | Deprecated: used previously but no longer assigned | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 486/676 | Unassigned | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Cover, Robin. "Code for the Representation of the Names of Languages. From ISO 639, revised 1989.". https://xml.coverpages.org/iso639a.html.
- ↑ "Code Changes". ISO 639-2. Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_changes.php.
External links
- Official ISO 639 list at the Library of Congress
- meta:Template:List of language names ordered by code on Wikimedia

