Skylake (microarchitecture)

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Short description: CPU microarchitecture by Intel
Skylake
Intel CPU Core i7 6700K Skylake top.jpg
Intel Core i7-6700K with four physical cores
General Info
LaunchedAugust 5, 2015; 8 years ago (August 5, 2015)
DiscontinuedMarch 4, 2019; 5 years ago (March 4, 2019) (desktop processors)
Marketed byIntel
Designed byIntel
Common manufacturer(s)
CPUID code0406e3h, 0506e3h
Product code
  • 80662 (mainstream and mobile Xeon E3)
  • 80673 (enthusiast and server)
Performance
Max. CPU clock rateUp to 5.0 GHz
Cache
L1 cache64 KB per core
L2 cache256 KB per core
(1 MB per core for Skylake-X)
L3 cacheUp to 38.5 MB shared
L4 cache128 MB of eDRAM (on Iris Pro models)
Architecture and classification
Min. feature size14 nm bulk silicon 3D transistors (Tri-Gate)
MicroarchitectureSkylake
Instruction setx86-64
Instructionsx86-64 (Intel 64)
Extensions
Physical specifications
Cores
  • 2–28
Socket(s)
  • Desktop
    • LGA 1151
    • LGA 2066

  • Server & Workstation
    • LGA 3647
    • LGA 2066

  • Mobile
    • BGA 1168
    • BGA 1356
    • BGA 1515
    • BGA 1440[5]
Products, models, variants
Product code name(s)
  • SKL
Brand name(s)
    • Core i3
    • Core i5
    • Core i7
    • Core i9
    • Core X-Series
    • Core m3
    • Core m5
    • Core m7
    • Xeon
    • Celeron
    • Pentium
History
PredecessorBroadwell (Tick/Process)
Successor
  • Kaby Lake (Optimization, desktop, laptop, low-end server, and mobile workstation)
  • Cascade Lake (HEDT, workstation, and mid- to high-end server)
  • Palm Cove (Process)

Skylake[6][7] is Intel's codename for its sixth generation Core microprocessor family that was launched on August 5, 2015,[8] succeeding the Broadwell microarchitecture.[9] Skylake is a microarchitecture redesign using the same 14 nm manufacturing process technology[10] as its predecessor, serving as a tock in Intel's tick–tock manufacturing and design model. According to Intel, the redesign brings greater CPU and GPU performance and reduced power consumption. Skylake CPUs share their microarchitecture with Kaby Lake, Coffee Lake, Whiskey Lake, and Comet Lake CPUs.

Skylake is the last Intel platform on which Windows earlier than Windows 10 are officially supported by Microsoft,[11] although enthusiast-created modifications exist that allow Windows 8.1 and earlier to continue to receive Windows Updates on later platforms.[12][13][14]

Some of the processors based on the Skylake microarchitecture are marketed as 6th-generation Core.[15][16][17]

Intel officially declared end of life and discontinued Skylake LGA 1151 CPUs on March 4, 2019.[18]

Development history

Skylake's development, as with previous processors such as Banias, Dothan, Conroe, Sandy Bridge, and Ivy Bridge, was primarily undertaken by Intel Israel at its engineering research center in Haifa, Israel.[19] The final design was largely an evolution of Haswell, with minor improvements to performance and several power-saving features being added.[20] A major priority of Skylake's design was to design a microarchitecture for envelopes as low as 4.5W to embed within tablet computers and notebooks in addition to higher-power desktop computers and servers.[21]

In September 2014, Intel announced the Skylake microarchitecture at the Intel Developer Forum in San Francisco , and that volume shipments of Skylake CPUs were scheduled for the second half of 2015. The Skylake development platform was announced to be available in Q1 2015. During the announcement, Intel also demonstrated two computers with desktop and mobile Skylake prototypes: the first was a desktop testbed system, running the latest version of 3DMark, while the second computer was a fully functional laptop, playing 4K video.[22]

An initial batch of Skylake CPU models (6600K and 6700K) was announced for immediate availability during the Gamescom on August 5, 2015,[23] unusually soon after the release of its predecessor, Broadwell, which had suffered from launch delays.[24] Intel acknowledged in 2014 that moving from 22 nm (Haswell) to 14 nm (Broadwell) had been its most difficult process to develop yet, causing Broadwell's planned launch to slip by several months;[25] yet, the 14 nm production was back on track and in full production as of Q3 2014.[26] Industry observers had initially believed that the issues affecting Broadwell would also cause Skylake to slip to 2016, but Intel was able to bring forward Skylake's release and shorten Broadwell's release cycle instead.[27][28] As a result, the Broadwell architecture had an unusually short run.[27]

Overclocking of unsupported processors

Officially Intel supported overclocking of only the K and X versions of Skylake processors. However, it was later discovered that other non-K chips could be overclocked by modifying the base clock value – a process made feasible by the base clock applying only to the CPU, RAM, and integrated graphics on Skylake. Through beta UEFI firmware updates, some motherboard vendors, such as ASRock (which prominently promoted it under the name Sky OC) allowed the base clock to be modified in this manner.[29][30]

When overclocking unsupported processors using these UEFI firmware updates, several issues arise:

  • C-states are disabled, therefore the CPU will constantly run at its highest frequency and voltage
  • Turbo-boost is disabled
  • Integrated graphics are disabled
  • AVX2 instruction performance is poor, approximately 4-5 times slower due to the upper 128-bit half of the execution units and data buses not being taken out of their power saving states
  • CPU core temperature readings are incorrect

These issues are partly caused by the power management of the processor needing to be disabled for base clock overclocking to work.[31]

In February 2016, however, an ASRock firmware update removed the feature. On February 9, 2016, Intel announced that it would no longer allow such overclocking of non-K processors, and that it had issued a CPU microcode update that removes the function.[32][33][34] In April 2016, ASRock started selling motherboards that allow overclocking of unsupported CPUs using an external clock generator.[35][36]

Operating system support

In January 2016, Microsoft announced that it would end support of Windows 7 and Windows 8.1 on Skylake processors effective July 17, 2017; after this date, only the most critical updates for the two operating systems would be released for Skylake users if they have been judged not to affect the reliability of the OS on older hardware (until July 31, 2019; August 2019 critical update requires at least Windows 10), and Windows 10 would be the only Microsoft Windows platform officially supported on Skylake, as well as all future Intel CPU microarchitectures beginning with Skylake's successor Kaby Lake. Terry Myerson stated that Microsoft had to make a large investment in order to reliably support Skylake on older versions of Windows, and that future generations of processors would require further investments. Microsoft also stated that due to the age of the platform, it would be challenging for newer hardware, firmware, and device driver combinations to properly run under Windows 7.[37][38]

On March 18, 2016, in response to criticism over the move, primarily from enterprise customers, Microsoft announced revisions to the support policy, changing the cutoff for support and non-critical updates to July 17, 2018, and stating that Skylake users would receive all critical security updates for Windows 7 and 8.1 through the end of extended support.[39][40] In August 2016, citing "a strong partnership with our OEM partners and Intel", Microsoft stated that it would continue to fully support 7 and 8.1 on Skylake through the end of their respective lifecycles.[41][42] In addition, an enthusiast-created modification was released that disabled the Windows Update check and allowed Windows 8.1 and earlier to continue to be updated on this and later platforms.[43]

As of Linux kernel 4.10, Skylake mobile power management is supported with most Package C states supported seeing some use. Linux 4.11 enables Frame-Buffer Compression for the integrated graphics chipset by default, which lowers power consumption.[44]

Skylake is fully supported on OpenBSD 6.2 and later, including accelerated graphics.[45]

For Windows 11, only the high-end Skylake-X processors are officially listed as compatible.[46] All other Skylake processors are not officially supported due to security concerns.[47] However, it is still possible to manually upgrade using an ISO image (as Windows 10 users on those processors won't be offered to upgrade to Windows 11 via Windows Update), or perform a clean installation as long as the system has Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 2.0 enabled,[48] but the user must accept that they will not be entitled to receive updates, and that damage caused by using Windows 11 on an unsupported configuration are not covered by the manufacturer's warranty.[49][50]

Features

Skylake i7-6700K
Skylake i7-6700K: bottom view

Like its predecessor, Broadwell, Skylake is available in five variants, identified by the suffixes S (SKL-S), X (SKL-X), H (SKL-H), U (SKL-U), and Y (SKL-Y). SKL-S and SKL-X contain overclockable K and X variants with unlocked multipliers.[51] The H, U and Y variants are manufactured in ball grid array (BGA) packaging, while the S and X variants are manufactured in land grid array (LGA) packaging using a new socket, LGA 1151 (LGA 2066 for Skylake X).[52] Skylake is used in conjunction with Intel 100 Series chipsets, also known as Sunrise Point.[53]

The major changes between the Haswell and Skylake architectures include the removal of the fully integrated voltage regulator (FIVR) introduced with Haswell.[54] On the variants that will use a discrete Platform Controller Hub (PCH), Direct Media Interface (DMI) 2.0 is replaced by DMI 3.0, which allows speeds of up to 8 GT/s.

Skylake's U and Y variants support one DIMM slot per channel, while H and S variants support two DIMM slots per channel.[52] Skylake's launch and sales lifespan occur at the same time as the ongoing SDRAM market transition, with DDR3 SDRAM memory gradually being replaced by DDR4 memory. Rather than working exclusively with DDR4, the Skylake microarchitecture remains backward compatible by interoperating with both types of memory. Accompanying the microarchitecture's support for both memory standards, a new SO-DIMM type capable of carrying either DDR3 or DDR4 memory chips, called UniDIMM, was also announced.[55]

Skylake's few P variants have a reduced on-die graphics unit (12 execution units enabled instead of 24 execution units) over their direct counterparts; see the table below. In contrast, with Ivy Bridge CPUs the P suffix was used for CPUs with completely disabled on-die video chipset.

Other enhancements include Thunderbolt 3.0, SATA Express, Iris Pro graphics with Direct3D feature level 12_1 with up to 128 MB of L4 eDRAM cache on certain SKUs.[56] The Skylake line of processors retires VGA support,[57] while supporting up to three monitors connected via HDMI 1.4, DisplayPort 1.2 or Embedded DisplayPort (eDP) interfaces.[58] HDMI 2.0 (4K@60 Hz) is only supported on motherboards equipped with Intel's Alpine Ridge Thunderbolt controller.[59]

The Skylake instruction set changes include Intel MPX (Memory Protection Extensions) and Intel SGX (Software Guard Extensions). Future Xeon variants will also have Advanced Vector Extensions 3.2 (AVX-512F).[3][4]

Skylake-based laptops were predicted to use wireless technology called Rezence for charging, and other wireless technologies for communication with peripherals. Many major PC vendors agreed to use this technology in Skylake-based laptops; however, no laptops were released with the technology as of 2019.[60][61]

The integrated GPU of Skylake's S variant supports on Windows DirectX 12 Feature Level 12_1, OpenGL 4.6 with latest Windows 10 driver update[62] (OpenGL 4.5 on Linux[63]) and OpenCL 3.0 standards. The Quick Sync video engine now includes support for VP9 (GPU accelerated decode only), VP8 and HEVC (hardware accelerated 8-bit encode/decode and GPU accelerated 10-bit decode), and supports for resolutions up to 4096 × 2048.[64][65][66]

Intel also released unlocked (capable of overclocking) mobile Skylake CPUs.[67]

Unlike previous generations, Skylake-based Xeon E3 no longer works with a desktop chipset that supports the same socket, and requires either the C232 or the C236 chipset to operate.

Known issues

Short loops with a specific combination of instruction use may cause unpredictable system behavior on CPUs with hyperthreading. A microcode update was issued to fix the issue.[68]

Skylake is vulnerable to Spectre attacks.[69] In fact, it is more vulnerable than other processors because it uses indirect branch speculation not just on indirect branches but also when the return prediction stack underflows.

The latency for the spinlock PAUSE instruction has been increased dramatically (from the usual 10 cycles to 141 cycles in Skylake), which can cause performance issues with older programs or libraries using pause instructions.[70] Intel documents the increased latency as a feature that improves power efficiency.[71]

Architecture changes compared to Broadwell microarchitecture

Skylake architecture diagram.png

CPU

  • Improved front-end, deeper out-of-order buffers, improved execution units, more execution units (third vector integer ALU(VALU)) for five ALUs in total, more load/store bandwidth, improved hyper-threading (wider retirement), speedup of AES-GCM and AES-CBC by 17% and 33% accordingly.[72][73]
  • Up to four cores as the default mainstream configuration[74] and up to 18 cores for X-series
  • AVX-512: F, CD, VL, BW, and DQ for some future Xeon variants, but not Xeon E3[3]
  • Intel MPX (Memory Protection Extensions)
  • Intel SGX (Software Guard Extensions)
  • Intel Speed Shift[75]
  • Larger re-order buffer (224 entries, up from 192)
  • L1 cache size unchanged at 32 KB instruction and 32 KB data cache per core.
  • L2 cache was changed from 8-way to 4-way set associative[76]
  • Voltage regulator module (FIVR) is moved back to the motherboard
  • Enhancements of Intel Processor Trace: fine grained timing through CYC packets (cycle-accurate mode) and support for IP (Instruction Pointer) address filtering.[77]
  • 64 to 128 MB L4 eDRAM cache on certain SKUs

GPU

  • Skylake's integrated Gen9 GPU supports Direct3D 12 at the feature level 12 1[6][78][79]
  • Full fixed function HEVC Main/8bit encoding/decoding acceleration. Hybrid/Partial HEVC Main10/10bit decoding acceleration. JPEG encoding acceleration for resolutions up to 16,000×16,000 pixels. Partial VP9 encoding/decoding acceleration.[80]

I/O

  • LGA 1151 socket for mainstream desktop processors and LGA 2066 socket for enthusiast gaming/workstation X-series processors
  • 100-series chipset (Sunrise Point)[81]
  • X-series uses X299-series chipset
  • DMI 3.0 (From DMI 2.0)
  • Support for both DDR3L SDRAM and DDR4 SDRAM in mainstream variants, using custom UniDIMM SO-DIMM form factor[74][82][83] with up to 64 GB of RAM on LGA 1151 variants. Usual DDR3 memory is also supported by certain motherboard vendors even though Intel doesn't officially support it.[84][85]
  • Support for 16 PCI Express 3.0 lanes from CPU, 20 PCI Express 3.0 lanes from PCH (LGA 1151), 44 PCI Express 3.0 lanes for Skylake-X
  • Support for Thunderbolt 3 (Alpine Ridge)[86]

Other

Configurations

Skylake processors are produced in five main families: Y, U, H, S, and X. Multiple configurations are available within each family:[52]

Feature Family
 Y   U   H   T   S   R   X   W   SP 
Integrated L4 cache • • •
Low-power mobile/embedded systems • • • •
Socket BGA LGA 1151 LGA 2066 LGA 3647
DDR3L SDRAM • • • • • •
DDR4 SDRAM • • • • • • •
128 GB (GB) of physical RAM • • •+
28 to 44 PCIe 3.0 lanes
 • • •

List of Skylake processor models

Mainstream desktop processors

Core i7-6700 die shot

Common features of the mainstream desktop Skylake CPUs:

  • DMI 3.0 and PCIe 3.0 interfaces
  • Dual channel memory support in the following configurations: DDR3L-1600 1.35 V (32 GB maximum) or DDR4-2133 1.2 V (64 GB maximum). DDR3 is unofficially supported through some motherboard vendors[89][90][91]
  • 16 PCIe 3.0 lanes
  • The Core-branded processors support the AVX2 instruction set. The Celeron and Pentium-branded ones support only SSE4.1/4.2
  • 350 MHz base graphics clock rate
Processor
branding and model 		Cores
(threads) 		Clock rate (GHz) GPU Cache TDP Socket Release
date 		Release
price
(USD)
Base Turbo Boost Model EUs Max
clock rate (GHz) 		L2 L3 L4
(eDRAM)
1 2[citation needed] 4[citation needed]
Core i7 6700K 4 (8) 4.0 4.2 4.0 4.0 HD 530 24 1.15[92] 1 MB 8 MB N/A 91 W LGA 1151 August 5, 2015 $339
6785R 3.3 3.9 3.8 3.5 Iris Pro 580 72 128 MB 65 W BGA 1440 May 3, 2016 $370
6700 3.4 4.0 3.9 3.7 HD 530 24 N/A LGA 1151 September 1, 2015 $303
6700T 2.8 3.6 3.5 3.4 35 W $303
Core i5 6600K 4 (4) 3.5 3.9 3.8 3.6 6 MB 91 W August 5, 2015 $242
6685R 3.2 3.8 3.7 3.3 Iris Pro 580 72 128 MB 65 W BGA 1440 May 3, 2016 $288
6600 3.3 3.9 3.8 3.6 HD 530 24 N/A LGA 1151 September 1, 2015 $213
6585R 2.8 3.6 3.5 3.1 Iris Pro 580 72 1.1 128 MB BGA 1440 May 3, 2016 $255
6500 3.2 3.3 HD 530 24 1.05 N/A LGA 1151 September 1, 2015 $192
6600T 2.7 3.5 3.4 3.3 1.1 35 W Q3 2015 $213
6500T 2.5 3.1 3.0 2.8 $192
6402P 2.8 3.4 3.4 3.2 HD 510 12 0.95 65 W December 27, 2015 $182
6400T 2.2 2.8 2.7 2.5 HD 530 24 35 W Q3 2015
6400 2.7 3.3 3.3 3.1 65 W August 5, 2015
Core i3 6320 2 (4) 3.9 N/A 1.15 512 KB 4 MB 51 W Q3 2015 $149
6300 3.8 $138
6100 3.7 1.05 3 MB October 2015 $117
6300T 3.3 0.95 4 MB 35 W $138
6100T 3.2 3 MB $117
6098P 3.6 HD 510 12 1.050 54 W December 27, 2015
Pentium G4520 2 (2) 3.6 HD 530 24 51 W October 2015 $86
G4500 3.5 $75
G4500T 3.0 0.95 35 W Q3 2015
G4400 3.3 HD 510 12 1.0 54 W October 2015 $64
G4400T 2.9 0.95 35 W Q3 2015
G4400TE 2.4 Q4 2015 $70
Celeron G3920 2.9 2 MB 51 W $52
G3900 2.8 $42
G3900TE 2.3 35 W
G3900T 2.6

High-end desktop processors (Skylake-X)

Common features of the high performance Skylake-X CPUs:

  • In addition to the AVX2 instruction set, they also support the AVX-512 instructions
  • No built-in iGPU (integrated graphics processor)
  • Turbo Boost Max Technology 3.0 for up to 2/4 threads workloads for CPUs that have 8 cores and more (7820X, 7900X, 7920X, 7940X, 7960X, 7980XE, and all 9th generation chips)[93]
  • A different cache hierarchy (when compared to client Skylake CPUs or previous architectures)
Core i7-7820X die shot
7th generation Skylake-X high-end desktop CPUs
Processor
branding and model 		Cores
(threads) 		Clock rate (GHz) Cache PCIe
lanes 		Memory support Socket TDP Release
date 		Release
price
(USD)
Base Turbo Boost L2 L3 DDR4
2.0 3.0
Core i9 [94] 7980XE 18 (36) 2.6 4.2 4.4 18 MB 24.75 MB 44
PCIe 3.0 		DDR4-2666
quad-channel 		LGA 2066 165 W 2017[95] $1999
7960X 16 (32) 2.8 16 MB 22 MB $1699
7940X 14 (28) 3.1 4.3 14 MB 19.25 MB $1399
7920X 12 (24) 2.9 12 MB 16.5 MB 140 W 2017 $1189
7900X 10 (20) 3.3 4.5 10 MB 13.75 MB 2017 $999
Core i7 7820X 8 (16) 3.6 8 MB 11 MB 28
PCIe 3.0 		$599
7800X 6 (12) 3.5 4.0 N/A 6 MB 8.25 MB DDR4-2400
quad-channel 		$389
9th generation Skylake-X high-end desktop CPUs
Processor
branding and model 		Cores
(threads) 		Clock rate (GHz) Cache PCIe
lanes 		Memory support Socket TDP Release
date 		Release
price
(USD)
Base Turbo Boost L2 L3 DDR4
2.0 3.0
Core i9 [96] 9990XE[97] 14 (28) 4.0 5.0 5.0 14 MB 19.25 MB 44
PCIe 3.0 		DDR4-2666
quad-channel 		LGA 2066 255 W 2019 OEM
9980XE 18 (36) 3.0 4.4 4.5 18 MB 24.75 MB 165 W 2018[98] $1979
9960X 16 (32) 3.1 16 MB 22 MB $1684
9940X 14 (28) 3.3 14 MB 19.25 MB $1387
9920X 12 (24) 3.5 12 MB $1189
9900X 10 (20) 3.5 10 MB $989
9820X 3.3 4.1 4.2 16.5 MB $889
Core i7 9800X 8 (16) 3.8 4.4 4.5 8 MB $589

Xeon High-end desktop processors (Skylake-X)

  • Marketed as a Xeon
  • Uses the C621 Clchipset
  • Xeon W-3175X was the only Xeon with a multiplier officially unlocked for overclocking until the introduction of Sapphire Rapids-WS Xeon CPUs in 2023.[99]

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Mobile processors

For mobile workstation processors, see Server processors

Processor
branding and
model 		Cores
(threads) 		CPU
clock
rate 		CPU Turbo clock rate GPU GPU clock rate L3
cache 		L4
cache 		Max.
PCIe
lanes 		TDP cTDP Release date Price (USD)
Single
core 		Dual
core[citation needed] 		Quad
core[citation needed] 		Base Max Up Down
Core i7 6970HQ 4 (8) 2.8 GHz 3.7 GHz ? Iris Pro 580 350 MHz 1050 MHz 8 MB 128 MB 16 45 W N/A 35 W Q1 2016 $623
6920HQ 2.9 GHz 3.8 GHz 3.6 GHz 3.4 GHz HD 530 N/A September 1, 2015 $568
6870HQ 2.7 GHz 3.6 GHz ? Iris Pro 580 1000 MHz 128 MB Q1 2016 $434
6820HQ 3.4 GHz 3.2 GHz HD 530 1050 MHz N/A September 1, 2015 $378
6820HK
6770HQ 2.6 GHz 3.5 GHz ? Iris Pro 580 950 MHz 6 MB 128 MB Q1 2016 $434
6700HQ 3.3 GHz 3.1 GHz HD 530 1050 MHz N/A September 1, 2015 $378
6660U 2 (4) 2.4 GHz 3.4 GHz 3.2 GHz N/A Iris 540 300 MHz 4 MB 64 MB 12 15 W 9.5 W Q1 2016 $415
6650U 2.2 GHz Q3 2015
6600U 2.6 GHz N/A HD 520 N/A 25 W 7.5 W September 1, 2015 $393
6567U 3.3 GHz 3.6 GHz 3.4 GHz Iris 550 1100 MHz 64 MB 28 W N/A 23 W Q3 2015 TBD
6560U 2.2 GHz 3.2 GHz 3.1 GHz Iris 540 1050 MHz 15 W 9.5 W
6500U 2.5 GHz 3.1 GHz 3.0 GHz HD 520 N/A 7.5 W September 1, 2015 $393
Core i5 6440HQ 4 (4) 2.6 GHz 3.5 GHz 3.3 GHz 3.1 GHz HD 530 350 MHz 950 MHz 6 MB 16 45 W 35 W $250
6360U 2 (4) 2.0 GHz 3.1 GHz 2.9 GHz N/A Iris 540 300 MHz 1000 MHz 4 MB 64 MB 12 15 W 9.5 W Q3 2015 $304
6350HQ 4 (4) 2.3 GHz 3.2 GHz ? Iris Pro 580 350 MHz 900 MHz 6 MB 128 MB 16 45 W 35 W Q1 2016 $306
6300HQ 3.0 GHz 2.8 GHz HD 530 950 MHz N/A September 1, 2015 $250
6300U 2 (4) 2.4 GHz 3.0 GHz 2.9 GHz N/A HD 520 300 MHz 1000 MHz 3 MB 12 15 W 7.5 W $281
6287U 3.1 GHz 3.5 GHz 3.3 GHz Iris 550 1100 MHz 4 MB 64 MB 28 W 23 W Q3 2015 $304
6267U 2.9 GHz 3.3 GHz 3.1 GHz 1050 MHz 23 W
6260U 1.8 GHz 2.9 GHz 2.7 GHz Iris 540 950 MHz 15 W 9.5 W $304
6200U 2.3 GHz 2.8 GHz HD 520 1000 MHz 3 MB N/A 7.5 W September 1, 2015 $281
Core i3 6167U 2.7 GHz N/A N/A Iris 550 64 MB 28 W 23 W Q3 2015 $304
6157U 2.4 GHz Q3 2016
6100H 2.7 GHz HD 530 350 MHz 900 MHz N/A 35 W N/A September 1, 2015 $225
6100U 2.3 GHz HD 520 300 MHz 1000 MHz 15 W 7.5 W $281
6006U 2.0 GHz 900 MHz N/A November, 2016 $281
Core m7 6Y75 1.2 GHz 3.1 GHz 2.9 GHz HD 515 300 MHz 1000 MHz 4 MB 10 4.5 W 7 W 3.5 W September 1, 2015 $393
Core m5 6Y57 1.1 GHz 2.8 GHz 2.4 GHz 900 MHz $281
6Y54 2.7 GHz
Core m3 6Y30 0.9 GHz 2.2 GHz 2.0 GHz 850 MHz 3.8 W
Pentium 4405U 2.1 GHz N/A N/A HD 510 950 MHz 2 MB 15 W N/A 10 W Q3 2015 $161
4405Y 1.5 GHz HD 515 800 MHz 6 W 4.5 W
Celeron G3902E 2 (2) 1.6 GHz N/A HD 510 350 MHz 950 MHz 16 25 W N/A Q1 2016 $107
G3900E 2.4 GHz 35 W
3955U 2.0 GHz 300 MHz 900 MHz 10 15 W 10 W Q4 2015
3855U 1.6 GHz

Workstation processors

  • All models support: MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1, SSE4.2, AVX, AVX2, AVX-512, FMA3, MPX, Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology (EIST), Intel 64, XD bit (an NX bit implementation), Intel VT-x, Intel VT-d, Turbo Boost (excluding W-2102 and W-2104), Hyper-threading (excluding W-2102 and W-2104), AES-NI, Intel TSX-NI, Smart Cache.
  • PCI Express lanes: 48
  • Supports up to 8 DIMMs of DDR4 memory, maximum 512 GB.

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Server processors

E3 series server chips all consist of System Bus 9 GT/s, max. memory bandwidth of 34.1 GB/s dual channel memory. Unlike its predecessor, the Skylake Xeon CPUs require C230 series (C232/C236) or C240 series (C242/C246) chipset to operate, with integrated graphics working only with C236 and C246 chipsets. Mobile counterparts uses CM230 and CM240 series chipsets.

Skylake E3-12xx and E3 15xx v5 SKUs
Target
segment 		Cores
(threads) 		Processor
branding and model 		GPU Clock rate L3
cache 		L4
cache 		TDP Release
date 		Release
price (USD)
tray / box 		Motherboard
CPU Graphics Socket Interface Memory
Normal Turbo Normal Turbo
Server 4 (8) Xeon E3 v5 1280v5 N/A 3.7 GHz 4.0 GHz N/A 8 MB N/A 80 W Q4 15 $612 / — LGA
1151 		DMI 3
PCIe 3.0
DDR4
2133/1866
or
DDR3L
1333/1600
with ECC
1275v5 HD P530 3.6 GHz 350 MHz 1.15 GHz $339 / —
1270v5 N/A 3.6 GHz N/A $328 / $339
1260Lv5 2.9 GHz 3.9 GHz 45 W $294 / —
1245v5 HD P530 3.5 GHz 350 MHz 1.15 GHz 80 W $284 / —
1240v5 N/A 3.5 GHz N/A $272 / $282
1240Lv5 2.1 GHz 3.2 GHz 25 W $278 / —
1230v5 3.4 GHz 3.8 GHz 80 W $250 / $260
4 (4) 1235Lv5 HD P530 2.0 GHz 3.0 GHz 350 MHz 1.15 GHz 25 W $250 / —
1225v5 3.3 GHz 3.7 GHz 80 W $213 / —
1220v5 N/A 3.0 GHz 3.5 GHz N/A $193 / —
Mobile 4 (8) 1575Mv5 Iris Pro 580 3.0 GHz 3.9 GHz 350 MHz 1.1 GHz 128 MB 45 W Q1 16 $1207 / — BGA
1440
DDR4-2133
LPDDR3-1866
DDR3L-1600
with ECC
1545Mv5 2.9 GHz 3.8 GHz 1.05 GHz $679 / —
1535Mv5 HD P530 N/A Q3 15 $623 / —
1505Mv5 2.8 GHz 3.7 GHz $434 / —
Server/
embedded 		1505Lv5 2.0 GHz 2.8 GHz 1.0 GHz 25 W Q4 15 $433 / —

Skylake-SP (14 nm) Scalable Performance

  • Xeon Platinum supports up to 8 sockets. Xeon Gold supports up to 4 sockets. Xeon Silver and Bronze support up to 2 sockets.
    • −M: 1536 GB RAM per socket instead of 768 GB RAM for non−M SKUs
    • −F: integrated OmniPath fabric
    • −T: High thermal-case and extended reliability
  • Support for up to 12 DIMMs of DDR4 memory per CPU socket.
  • Xeon Platinum, Gold 61XX, and Gold 5122 have two AVX-512 FMA units per core. Xeon Gold 51XX (except 5122), Silver, and Bronze have a single AVX-512 FMA unit per core.

Xeon Bronze and Silver (dual processor)

  • Xeon Bronze 31XX has no HT or Turbo Boost support.
  • Xeon Bronze 31XX supports DDR4-2133 MHz RAM. Xeon Silver 41XX supports DDR4-2400 MHz RAM.
  • Xeon Bronze 31XX and Xeon Silver 41XX support two UPI links at 9.6 GT/s.

|}

Xeon Gold (quad processor)

  • Xeon Gold 51XX and F SKUs has two UPIs at 10.4 GT/s. Xeon Gold 61XX has three UPIs at 10.4 GT/s.
  • Xeon Gold 51XX support DDR4-2400 MHz RAM (except 5122). Xeon Gold 5122 and 61XX support DDR4-2666 MHz RAM.

|}

  • Intel Skylake Xeon gold processor

  • Intel Skylake Xeon gold processor, delidded

  • Die shot

Xeon Platinum (octal processor)

  • Xeon Platinum non-F SKUs have three UPIs at 10.4 GT/s. Xeon Platinum F-SKUs have two UPIs at 10.4 GT/s.
  • Xeon Platinum supports DDR4-2666 MHz RAM.

|}

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Intel Core i7-6700K Processor (8M Cache, up to 4.20 GHz)". https://ark.intel.com/products/88195/Intel-Core-i7-6700K-Processor-8M-Cache-up-to-4_20-GHz. 
  2. ↑ Alcorn, Paul (June 3, 2016). "Skylake Xeon Platforms Spotted, Purley Makes A Quiet Splash At Computex" (in en-US). https://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-xeon-skylake-purley-cpu,31980.html. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "AVX-512 SIMD enabled only on Xeon models of SkyLake". Bits and Chips. February 27, 2015. http://www.bitsandchips.it/english/52-english-news/5297-avx-512-simd-enabled-only-on-xeon-models-of-skylake. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Skylake processors for the PC will not support the AVX-512". March 3, 2015. http://www.hardware-boom.com/skylake-processors-pc-will-not-support-avx-512. 
  5. ↑ Cutress, Ian (August 5, 2015). "The Intel Skylake Mobile and Desktop Launch, with Architecture Analysis" (in en-US). http://www.anandtech.com/show/9582/intel-skylake-mobile-desktop-launch-architecture-analysis/4. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "The Compute Architecture of Intel® Processor Graphics Gen9" (in en-US). https://software.intel.com/sites/default/files/managed/c5/9a/The-Compute-Architecture-of-Intel-Processor-Graphics-Gen9-v1d0.pdf. 
  7. ↑ "Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Optimization Reference Manual" (in en-US). http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/manuals/64-ia-32-architectures-optimization-manual.pdf. 
  8. ↑ "Intel Unleashes Next-Gen Enthusiast Desktop PC Platform at Gamescom" (in en-US). August 5, 2015. http://newsroom.intel.com/community/intel_newsroom/blog/2015/08/05/chip-shot-intel-unleashes-next-gen-enthusiast-desktop-pc-platform-at-gamescom. 
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  21. ↑ Intel Introduced its 6th Generation Intel Core Published September 2, 2015, techtime.co.il
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  89. ↑ "GIGABYTE – Motherboard – Socket 1151 – GA-Z170-HD3 DDR3 (rev. 1.0)". http://www.gigabyte.com/products/product-page.aspx?pid=5488. 
  90. ↑ "Z170-P D3 – Overview". https://www.asus.com/Motherboards/Z170-P-D3/. 
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  96. ↑ Cutress, Ian. "Intel's Basin Falls Skylake-X Refresh: Core i9-9980XE with up to 15% Better Power Efficiency". https://www.anandtech.com/show/13402/intel-basin-falls-refresh-core-i9-9980xe. 
  97. ↑ Cutress, Dr Ian. "The Intel Core i9-9990XE Review: All 14 Cores at 5.0 GHz". https://www.anandtech.com/show/14980/the-intel-core-i9-9990xe-review. 
  98. ↑ "Intel debuts 9th-generation Core chips, including Core i9 and X-series parts, with a few twists". October 8, 2018. https://www.pcworld.com/article/3311956/components-processors/intel-debuts-9th-generation-core-chips-core-i9-and-x-series-parts.html. 
  99. ↑ Paul Alcorn (15 February 2023). "Intel Launches Overclockable Xeon W CPUs up to 56 Cores: a Return to HEDT-Class Chips" (in en). Tom's Hardware. https://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-xeon-w-3400-w-2400-cpu-launch-hedt-overclock. 

External links



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