Kaby Lake

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Short description: Intel microprocessor, released in 2016
Kaby Lake
Intel CPU Celeron G3930 Kaby Lake perspective.jpg
Intel Celeron G3930
General Info
LaunchedAugust 30, 2016; 7 years ago (August 30, 2016)
DiscontinuedOctober 9, 2020 (desktop processors)[1]
CPUID code0806e9h, 0806eah, 0906e9h
Product code80677
Performance
Max. CPU clock rate1.00 GHz to 4.5 GHz
Cache
L1 cache64 KB[lower-alpha 1] per core (32 KB instructions + 32 KB data)
L2 cache256 KB per core
L3 cacheUp to 8 MB, share
L4 cache64 MB of eDRAM (on models with Iris Plus graphics)
Architecture and classification
Min. feature sizeIntel 14FF+
MicroarchitectureSkylake
Instruction setx86-64
Instructionsx86-64
Extensions
Physical specifications
Cores
  • 2–4
Socket(s)
    • LGA 1151
    • LGA 2066
    • BGA1356[2]
    • BGA1440[3]
    • BGA1515[4]
Products, models, variants
Product code name(s)
  • KBL
Brand name(s)
    • Core m3
    • Core i3
    • Core i5
    • Core i7
    • Celeron
    • Pentium
    • Xeon
History
PredecessorSkylake
Successor

Kaby Lake is Intel's codename for its seventh generation Core microprocessor family announced on August 30, 2016.[7] Like the preceding Skylake, Kaby Lake is produced using a 14 nanometer manufacturing process technology.[8] Breaking with Intel's previous "tick–tock" manufacturing and design model, Kaby Lake represents the optimized step of the newer process–architecture–optimization model.[9] Kaby Lake began shipping to manufacturers and OEMs in the second quarter of 2016,[10][11] with its desktop chips officially launched in January 2017.

In August 2017, Intel announced Kaby Lake Refresh (Kaby Lake R) marketed as the 8th generation mobile CPUs, breaking the long cycle where architectures matched the corresponding generations of CPUs and meanwhile also supporting Windows 11.[12][13] Skylake was anticipated to be succeeded by the 10 nanometer Cannon Lake, but it was announced in July 2015 that Cannon Lake had been delayed until the second half of 2017.[14][15] In the meantime, Intel released a fourth 14 nm generation on October 5, 2017, named Coffee Lake. Cannon Lake would ultimately emerge in 2018, but only a single mobile CPU was released before it was discontinued the following year.[16][17]

Development history

As with previous Intel processors (such as the 8088, Banias, Dothan, Conroe, Sandy Bridge, Ivy Bridge, and Skylake), Kaby Lake's development was led by Intel's Israeli team, based in Haifa.[18] Intel Israel Development Centers manager Ran Senderovitz said: "When we started out on the project, we were only thinking about basic improvements from the previous generation. But we began looking at things differently with a lot of innovation and determination and we achieved major improvements." He added that the performance of the seventh generation chips was improved by 12% for applications and 19% for Internet use compared with the sixth generation chips.[19] Third-party benchmarks do not confirm these percentages as far as gaming is concerned.[20]

Features

Built on an improved 14 nm process (14FF+), Kaby Lake features faster CPU clock speeds, clock speed changes, and higher Turbo frequencies. Beyond these process and clock speed changes, little of the CPU architecture has changed from Skylake,[21] resulting in identical IPC (Instructions Per Clock).[7]

Kaby Lake features a new graphics architecture to improve performance in 3D graphics and 4K video playback.[7][22] It adds native HDCP 2.2 support,[23] along with fixed function decode of H.264 (AVC), HEVC Main and Main10/10-bit, and VP9 10-bit and 8-bit video.[21][24][25][26] Hardware encode is supported for H.264 (AVC), HEVC Main10/10-bit, and VP9 8-bit video. VP9 10-bit encode is not supported in hardware. Both OpenGL 4.6 and OpenCL 3.0 are now supported.[27]

Kaby Lake is the first Core architecture to support hyper-threading for the Pentium-branded desktop CPU SKU. Kaby Lake also features the first overclocking-enabled i3-branded CPU.

Architecture changes compared to Skylake

Kaby Lake features the same CPU core and performance per MHz as Skylake. Features specific to Kaby Lake include:

CPU

GPU

  • Gen 9.5 (From Gen 9)
    • Add support for Microsoft PlayReady 3.0
    • HDCP 2.2
    • Add 1.4 Embedded DisplayPort (From 1.3)
  • Improved graphics core: full hardware fixed function HEVC/VP9 (including 4K@60fps/10bit) decoding;[30] improved hardware HEVC encoding; full hardware fixed function VP9 8bit encoding; higher GPU clock speeds for select CPUs

I/O

  • 200 series (Union Point) chipset on socket 1151 (Kaby Lake is compatible with 100 series chipset motherboards after a BIOS update)
  • Up to 16 PCI Express 3.0 lanes from the CPU, 24 PCI Express 3.0 lanes from PCH
  • Support for Intel Optane Memory storage caching (only on motherboards with the 200 series chipsets)
  • Support for PTWRITE instruction to write data to an Intel Processor Trace packet stream

Starting from this generation, the built-in GPus core supports HAGS in the Windows 10 version of 2004 or newer, but currently support is only provided with insider drivers.

Operating system support

Intel began to add Kaby Lake support to the Linux kernel on version 4.5.[31] A P state bug was fixed in kernel 4.10 that had prevented motherboards from activating the processors' turbo frequencies.[32]

Under new policies established in January 2016, Microsoft only supports the latest version of Windows on newly-released CPU microarchitectures, beginning with Kaby Lake and AMD Bristol Ridge. Therefore, Microsoft only supports Kaby Lake under Windows 10,[33][34] and Windows Update blocks updates from being installed on Kaby Lake systems running versions older than Windows 10. In support of this restriction, Intel provides chipset drivers for Windows 10 only.[35][36][37] An enthusiast-created modification was released that disabled the Windows Update check and allowed Windows 8.1 and earlier to continue to be updated on the platform.[38]

Support for every Kaby Lake processor and older was dropped by Windows 11, excluding all Kaby Lake R, Skylake-X and Amber Lake processors as well as the Core i7-7820HQ and X series.[39]

Known issues

Kaby Lake has a critical flaw where some short loops may cause unpredictable system behavior. The issue can be fixed if the motherboard manufacturer releases a BIOS update with the fix.[40][41]

TDP classification

Thermal design power (TDP) is the designed maximum heat generated by the chip running a specific workload at base clock. On a single microarchitecture, as the heat produced increases with voltage and frequency, this thermal design limit can also limit the maximum frequency of the processor.[42] However, CPU testing and binning allows for products with lower voltage/power at a particular frequency, or higher frequency within the same power limit.[43][44]

Desktop processors:

  • High-power (K/X):
    • For dual-core: 60 W
    • For quad-core: 91 W (LGA1151) - 112W (LGA2066)
  • Medium-power:
    • For dual-core: 51...54 W
    • For quad-core: 65 W
  • Low-power (T): 35 W

Mobile processors:

  • High-power (H): 45 W with configurable TDP-down to 35 W
  • Medium-power (U): 15...28 W with configurable TDP-down to 7.5 W
  • Low-power (Y): 5...7 W with configurable TDP-down to 3.5 W

List of 7th generation Kaby Lake processors

Desktop processors

Intel Celeron G3930 die shot
Intel Celeron G3930 top view
Intel Celeron G3930 bottom view

Features common to desktop Kaby Lake CPUs:

  • LGA 1151 socket (Except the Core i7-7740X and Core i5-7640X, which use the LGA 2066 socket.)
  • DMI 3.0 and PCIe 3.0 interfaces
  • Dual channel memory support in the following configurations: DDR3L-1600 1.35 V (32 GB maximum) or DDR4-2400 1.2 V (64 GB maximum)
    • The Core i7-7740X and Core i5-7640X support DDR4-2666 (64 GB maximum), but not DDR3L memory.
  • A total of 16 PCIe lanes
  • The Core-branded processors support the AVX2 instruction set. The Celeron and Pentium-branded ones support only SSE4.1/4.2.
  • 350 MHz base graphics clock rate
    • The Core i7 7740X and Core i5 7640x do not have an integrated GPU.
  • No L4 cache (eDRAM)
  • A release date of January 3, 2017 (KBL-S) and June 2017 (KBL-X)
Processor
branding 		Model Cores
(threads) 		CPU
clock

rate

Turbo clock GHz

Num of cores

GPU Max GPU
clock rate 		L3
cache 		TDP Socket Price
(USD)
1 2 4
Core i7 7740X 4 (8) 4.3 GHz 4.5 4.5 4.5 N/A 8 MB[lower-alpha 1] 112 W LGA 2066 $350
7700K 4.2 GHz 4.5 4.4 4.4 HD 630 1150 MHz 91 W LGA 1151
7700 3.6 GHz 4.2 4.1 4.0 65 W $312
7700T 2.9 GHz 3.8 3.7 3.6 35 W
Core i5 7640X 4 (4) 4.0 GHz 4.2 4.2 4.0 N/A 6 MB 112 W LGA 2066 $250
7600K 3.8 GHz 4.2 4.1 4.0 HD 630 1150 MHz 91 W LGA 1151
7600 3.5 GHz 4.1 4.0 3.9 65 W $224
7600T 2.8 GHz 3.7 3.6 3.5 1100 MHz 35 W
7500 3.4 GHz 3.8 3.7 3.6 65 W $202
7500T 2.7 GHz 3.3 3.2 3.1 35 W
7400 3.0 GHz 3.5 3.4 3.3 1000 MHz 65 W $182
7400T 2.4 GHz 3.0 2.9 2.7 35 W $187
Core i3 7350K 2 (4) 4.2 GHz N/A 1150 MHz 4 MB 60 W $179
7320 4.1 GHz 51 W $157
7300 4.0 GHz $147
7300T 3.5 GHz 1100 MHz 35 W
7100 3.9 GHz 3 MB 51 W $117
7100T 3.4 GHz 35 W
7101E 3.9 GHz 54 W
7101TE 3.4 GHz 35 W
Pentium G4620 3.7 GHz 51 W $93
G4600 3.6 GHz $82
G4600T 3.0 GHz 1050 MHz 35 W $75
G4560 3.5 GHz HD 610 54 W $64
G4560T 2.9 GHz 35 W
Celeron G3950 2 (2) 3.0 GHz 2 MB 51 W $52
G3930 2.9 GHz $42
G3930T 2.7 GHz 1000 MHz 35 W

Mobile processors

High power

Maximum PCIe Lanes: 16. Release date: Q1 2017.

Processor
branding 		Model Cores
(threads) 		CPU
clock
rate 		Turbo clock GHz

Num of cores

GPU Max GPU

clock rate

L3
cache 		TDP cTDP Price
(USD)
1 2 4 Max. Up Down
Core i7 7920HQ 4 (8) 3.1 GHz 4.1 3.9 3.7 HD 630 1100 MHz 8 MB 45 W N/A 35 W $568
7820HQ 2.9 GHz 3.9 3.7 3.5 $378
7820HK
7700HQ 2.8 GHz 3.8 3.6 3.4 6 MB
Core i5 7440HQ 4 (4) 1000 MHz $250
7300HQ 2.5 GHz 3.5 3.3 3.1
Core i3 7100H 2 (4) 3.0 GHz N/A 950 MHz 3 MB 35 W N/A $225

Low/medium power

Processor
branding 		Model Cores
(threads) 		CPU
clock
rate 		Turbo clock GPU Max GPU
clock rate 		L3
cache 		L4
cache 		Max.
PCIe
lanes 		TDP cTDP Release
date 		Price
(USD)
Single
core 		Dual
core 		Up Down
Core i7 7Y75 2 (4) 1.3 GHz 3.6 GHz 3.4 GHz HD 615 1050 MHz 4 MB N/A 10 4.5 W 7 W 3.5 W Q3 2016 $393
7500U 2.7 GHz 3.5 GHz 3.5 GHz HD 620 12 15 W 25 W 7.5 W
7560U 2.4 GHz 3.8 GHz 3.7 GHz Iris Plus 640 64 MB N/A 9.5 W Q1 2017 $415
7660U 2.5 GHz 4.0 GHz 3.8 GHz 1100 MHz
7567U 3.5 GHz 4.0 GHz 3.9 GHz Iris Plus 650 1150 MHz 28 W 23 W ?
7600U 2.8 GHz 3.9 GHz 3.9 GHz HD 620 N/A 15 W 25 W 7.5 W $393
Core i5 7200U 2 (4) 2.5 GHz 3.1 GHz 3.1 GHz HD 620 1000 MHz 3 MB N/A 12 15 W 25 W 7.5 W Q3 2016 $281
7Y54 1.2 GHz 3.2 GHz 2.8 GHz HD 615 950 MHz 4 MB 10 4.5 W 7 W 3.5 W
7Y57 1.2 GHz 3.3 GHz 2.9 GHz 15 W Q1 2017
7260U 2.2 GHz 3.4 GHz 3.4 GHz Iris Plus 640 64 MB 12 N/A 9.5 W $304
7267U 3.1 GHz 3.5 GHz 3.5 GHz Iris Plus 650 1050 MHz 28 W 23 W ?
7287U 3.3 GHz 3.7 GHz 3.7 GHz 1100 MHz
7300U 2.6 GHz 3.5 GHz 3.5 GHz HD 620 3 MB N/A 15 W 25 W 7.5 W $281
7360U 2.3 GHz 3.6 GHz 3.6 GHz Iris Plus 640 1000 MHz 4 MB 64 MB N/A 9.5 W ?
Core i3 7100U 2 (4) 2.4 GHz N/A HD 620 1000 MHz 3 MB N/A 12 15 W N/A 7.5 W Q3 2016 $281
7167U 2.8 GHz Iris Plus 650 64 MB 28 W 23 W Q1 2017 ?
7130U 2.7 GHz HD 620 N/A 15 W 7.5 W Q2 2017 $281
7020U 2.3 GHz Q2 2018
Core m3 7Y32 2 (4) 1.1 GHz 3.0 GHz ? HD 615 900 MHz 4 MB N/A 10 4.5 W 7 W 3.75 W Q2 2017 $281
7Y30 1.0 GHz 2.6 GHz 3.5 W Q3 2016
Pentium Gold 4410Y 2 (4) 1.5 GHz N/A HD 615 850 MHz 2 MB N/A 10 6 W N/A 4.5 W Q1 2017 $161
4415Y 1.6 GHz
4415U 2.3 GHz HD 610 950 MHz 15 W 10 W
Celeron 3965U 2 (2) 2.2 GHz N/A HD 610 900 MHz 2 MB N/A 10 15 W N/A 10 W Q1 2017 $107
3865U 1.8 GHz
3965Y 1.5 GHz HD 615 850 MHz 6 W 4.5 W Q2 2017

Server/workstation Xeon processors

Target
segment 		Cores
(threads) 		Model CPU
clock
rate 		Turbo clock GHz

Num of cores

GPU Max GPU

clock rate

L3
cache 		TDP Release
date 		Price
(USD)
1 2 4
Server 4 (8) E3-1285 v6 4.1 GHz 4.5 ? HD P630 1150 MHz 8 MB 79 W Q3 2017 $450
E3-1280 v6 3.9 GHz 4.2 N/A 72 W Q1 2017 $612↘383
E3-1275 v6 3.8 GHz HD P630 1150 MHz 73 W $339
E3-1270 v6 N/A 72 W $328
E3-1245 v6 3.7 GHz 4.1 HD P630 1150 MHz 73 W $284
E3-1240 v6 N/A 72 W $272
E3-1230 v6 3.5 GHz 3.9 $250
4 (4) E3-1225 v6 3.3 GHz 3.7 HD P630 1150 MHz 73 W $213
E3-1220 v6 3.0 GHz 3.5 N/A 72 W $193
Mobile 4 (8) E3-1535M v6 3.1 GHz 4.2 HD P630 1100 MHz 45 W $623
E3-1505M v6 3.0 GHz 4.0 $434
Embedded E3-1505L v6 2.2 GHz 3.0 1000 MHz 25 W $433

List of 8th generation Kaby Lake R processors

Mobile processors

Low/medium power

In late 2016, it was reported that Intel had been working on a processor family codenamed “Kaby Lake R” ("R" for "Refresh").[45] On August 21, 2017, the eighth generation mobile CPUs were announced.[46] The first products released were four "Kaby Lake R" processors with a 15W TDP.[47] This marketing is distinct from previous generational changes of the Core product line, where a new generation coincided with a new microarchitecture.[48] Intel has stated that the 8th generation would be based on multiple microarchitectures, including Kaby Lake R, Coffee Lake, and Cannon Lake.[49]

Processor
branding 		Model Cores
(threads) 		CPU
clock
rate 		Turbo clock GHz

Num of cores

GPU Max GPU

clock rate

L3
cache 		TDP cTDP Release

date

Price
(USD)
1 2 4 Up Down
Core i7 8650U 4 (8) 1.9 GHz 4.2 4.2 3.9 UHD 620 1150 MHz 8 MB 15 W 25 W 10 W Q3 2017 $409
8550U 1.8 GHz 4.0 4.0 3.7
Core i5 8350U 1.7 GHz 3.6 3.6 3.6 1100 MHz 6 MB $297
8250U 1.6 GHz 3.4 3.4 3.4
Core i3 8130U 2 (4) 2.2 GHz 3.4 3.4 N/A 1000 MHz 4 MB 15 W N/A 10 W Q1 2018 $281
Pentium Gold 4417U 2.3 GHz N/A HD 610 950 MHz 2 MB 15 W 12.5 W Q1 2019 $161

List of 8th generation Kaby Lake G processors

Mobile processors

High power

Maximum number of PCIe lanes: 8. One-package processors with discrete graphics chip - it is connected with main CPU core using a PCI Express link through an embedded multi-die interconnect bridge (EMIB).[50] Release date: Q1 2018.

Processor
branding 		Model Cores
(threads) 		CPU
clock
rate 		Turbo clock GHz

Num of cores

GPU Max GPU

clock rate

Discrete GPU L3
cache 		TDP Price
(USD)
1 2 4
Core i7 8809G 4 (8) 3.1 GHz 4.2 Unknown HD 630 1100 MHz Radeon RX Vega M GH 8 MB 100 W ?
8709G 4.1 ?
8706G Radeon RX Vega M GL 65 W ?
8705G $523[51]
Core i5 8305G 2.8 GHz 3.8 6 MB ?

Discrete GPU specifications

Discrete GPU Units Clock rate Memory
Computing Shading Base Max. Size Bandwidth Bus type Bus width
Radeon RX Vega M GH 24 1536 1063 MHz 1190 MHz 4 GB 204.8 GB/s HBM2 1024 bit
Radeon RX Vega M GL 20 1280 931 MHz 1011 MHz 179.2 GB/s

List of 8th generation Amber Lake Y processors

On August 28, 2018, Intel announced a refreshed lineup of ultra low power mobile Kaby Lake CPUs under the moniker Amber Lake.[52]

Mobile processors

Low power

Processor

branding

Model Cores

(threads)

CPU clock rate GPU Max GPU

clock rate

L3

cache

TDP cTDP Release

date

Price
Base Max turbo Up Down
Core i7 8500Y 2 (4) 1.5 GHz 4.2 GHz UHD 615 1050 MHz 4 MB 5 W 7 W 3.5 W Q1 2019 $393
Core i5 8310Y 1.6 GHz 3.9 GHz UHD 617 7 W N/A $281
8210Y 3.6 GHz
8200Y 1.3 GHz 3.9 GHz UHD 615 950 MHz 5 W 7 W 3.5 W Q3 2018 $291
Core i3 [1] 1.1 GHz 3.4 GHz 900 MHz 8 W 4.5 W $281
Pentium Gold 4425Y 1.7 GHz N/A 850 MHz 2 MB 6 W N/A 4.5 W Q1 2019 $161

List of 10th generation Amber Lake Y processors

On August 21, 2019, Intel announced[53] their 10th generation Amber Lake[54] ultra low power CPUs.

Mobile processors

Processor

branding

Model Cores

(threads)

CPU clock rate GPU Max GPU

clock rate

L3

cache

TDP cTDP Price
Base Max turbo Up Down
Core i7 10510Y 4 (8) 1.2 GHz 4.5 GHz UHD 1150 MHz 8 MB 7 W 9 W 4.5 W $403
Core i5 10310Y 1.1 GHz 4.1 GHz 1050 MHz 6 MB 5.5 W $292
10210Y 1.0 GHz 4.0 GHz
Core i3 10110Y 2 (4) 1000 MHz 4 MB $287
Pentium Gold 6500Y 2 (4) 1.1 GHz 3.4 GHz 900 MHz 4 MB 5 W 7 W 3.5 W

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Transistorized memory, such as RAM, ROM, flash and cache sizes as well as file sizes are specified using binary meanings for K (10241), M (10242), G (10243), ...

References

  1. ↑ Shilov, Anton (October 10, 2019). "Intel To Discontinue Nearly All Desktop Kaby Lake CPUs". https://www.anandtech.com/show/14968/intel-to-discontinue-nearly-all-desktop-kaby-lake-cpus. 
  2. ↑ "Intel Core i7-7660U specifications". https://www.cpu-world.com/CPUs/Core_i7/Intel-Core%20i7%20i7-7660U.html. 
  3. ↑ "Intel Core i7-7920HQ specifications". https://www.cpu-world.com/CPUs/Core_i7/Intel-Core%20i7%20i7-7920HQ.html. 
  4. ↑ "Intel Core i5-7Y57 specifications". https://www.cpu-world.com/CPUs/Core_i5/Intel-Core%20i5%20i5-7Y57.html. 
  5. ↑ Cutress, Ian (August 15, 2017). "Intel Officially Reveals Post-8th Generation Core Architecture Code Name: Ice Lake, Built on 10nm+" (in en-US). https://www.anandtech.com/show/11722/intel-reveals-ice-lake-core-architecture-10nm-plus. 
  6. ↑ Bright, Peter (August 15, 2017). "Intel's next generation chip plans: Ice Lake and a slow 10nm transition" (in en-US). https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2017/08/intels-next-generation-chip-plans-ice-lake-and-a-slow-10nm-transition/. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Cutress, Ian; Ganesh, TS (August 30, 2016). "Intel Announces 7th Gen Kaby Lake". https://www.anandtech.com/show/10610/intel-announces-7th-gen-kaby-lake-14nm-plus-six-notebook-skus-desktop-coming-in-january. 
  8. ↑ Smith, Ryan; Howse, Brett (July 16, 2015). "Tick Tock on the Rocks: Intel Delays 10nm, Adds 3rd Gen 14nm Core Product "Kaby Lake"" (in en-US). https://www.anandtech.com/show/9447/intel-10nm-and-kaby-lake. 
  9. ↑ Cutress, Ian (March 22, 2016). "Intel's 'Tick–Tock' Seemingly Dead, becomes 'Process–Architecture–Optimization'" (in en-US). https://www.anandtech.com/show/10183/intels-tick-tock-seemingly-dead-becomes-process-architecture-optimization. 
  10. ↑ Howse, Brett (July 20, 2016). "Intel Begins Shipment of Seventh Generation Core: Kaby Lake". Anandtech. https://www.anandtech.com/show/10503/intel-begins-shipment-of-seventh-generation-core-kaby-lake. 
  11. ↑ Kampman, Jeff (July 21, 2016). "Intel begins shipping Kaby Lake CPUs to manufacturers". https://techreport.com/news/30417/intel-begins-shipping-kaby-lake-cpus-to-manufacturers. 
  12. ↑ Cutress, Ian (August 21, 2017). "Intel Launches 8th Generation Core CPUs, Starting with Kaby Lake Refresh for 15W Mobile" (in en-US). https://www.anandtech.com/show/11738/intel-launches-8th-generation-cpus-starting-with-kaby-lake-refresh-for-15w-mobile. 
  13. ↑ Shrout, Ryan (August 21, 2017). "Intel announces 8th Generation Core Processors, starting with 15-watt quad-core Kaby Lake refresh for notebooks" (in en-US). https://www.pcper.com/reviews/Graphics-Cards/Intel-announces-8th-Generation-Core-Processors-starting-15-watt-quad-core-Kab. 
  14. ↑ Bright, Peter (July 15, 2015). "Intel confirms tick-tock-shattering Kaby Lake processor as Moore's Law falters" (in en-US). https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2015/07/intel-confirms-tick-tock-shattering-kaby-lake-processor-as-moores-law-falters/. 
  15. ↑ Hruska, Joel (July 16, 2015). "Intel confirms 10nm delayed to 2017, will introduce 'Kaby Lake' at 14nm to fill gap" (in en-US). https://www.extremetech.com/computing/210050-intel-confirms-10nm-delayed-to-2017-will-introduce-kaby-lake-at-14nm-to-fill-gap. 
  16. ↑ Liu, Zhiye (October 31, 2019). "Intel discontinues Cannon Lake NUC" (in en-US). Tom's Hardware. https://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-fires-10nm-cannon-lake-nuc-into-oblivion. 
  17. ↑ Herzig, Benjamin (May 13, 2018). "Cannon Lake stumbles into the market: The IdeaPad 330-15ICN is the first laptop with a 10-nm-CPU" (in en-US). NotebookCheck. https://www.notebookcheck.net/Cannon-Lake-stumbles-into-the-market-The-IdeaPad-330-15ICN-is-the-first-laptop-with-a-10-nm-CPU.303330.0.html. 
  18. ↑ Solomon, Shoshanna (30 August 2016). "Haifa team sires Intel's 'fastest-ever' processor". The Times of Israel. https://www.timesofisrael.com/haifa-team-sires-intels-fastest-ever-processor/. 
  19. ↑ "Intel's Israel team has done it again". Globes. 31 August 2016. https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-intels-israel-team-has-done-it-again-1001149339. 
  20. ↑ James, Dave (December 15, 2016). "Intel Core i7 7700K benchmark preview". https://www.pcgamesn.com/intel/intel-kaby-lake-benchmarks. 
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Kampman, Jeff (August 30, 2016). "Intel's Kaby Lake CPUs revealed". Tech Report. https://techreport.com/review/30587/intel-kaby-lake-cpus-revealed. 
  22. ↑ Eassa, Ashraf (August 29, 2015). "Intel Corporation Is Doing Something Smart with Its Upcoming Kaby Lake Chip". http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2015/06/29/intel-corporation-is-doing-something-smart-with-it.aspx. 
  23. ↑ Chris L (October 16, 2015). "Kaby Lake 存活至 2018 年，Intel 10nm 計劃產品再推遲". https://benchlife.info/intel-kaby-lake-scedule-show-10nm-cannonlake-will-push-back-to-2018-10162015/. 
  24. ↑ qhua (November 16, 2015). "Z170 主機板也能用，Kaby Lake 平台搭配 200 系列晶片". https://benchlife.info/intel-kaby-lake-will-use-200-series-pch-11162015/. 
  25. ↑ Harsh Jain (June 6, 2016). "What's New in Intel Media SDK 2016 R2". Intel. https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/whats-new-in-intel-media-sdk-r2. 
  26. ↑ "Intel Media Software Development Kit 2016, R2, Release Notes Version (7.0.0.358)". Intel. June 6, 2016. https://software.intel.com/sites/default/files/mediasdk_release_notes.pdf. 
  27. ↑ "Release Notes : DRIVER VERSION: 31.0.101.2125". https://downloadmirror.intel.com/781650/ReleaseNotes_101.2125_WHQL.pdf. 
  28. ↑ "Kaby Lake - Microarchitectures - Intel - WikiChip" (in en). https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/intel/microarchitectures/kaby_lake. 
  29. ↑ S, Ian Cutress, Ganesh T. "Intel Announces 7th Gen Kaby Lake: 14nm PLUS, Six Notebook SKUs, Desktop coming in January". https://www.anandtech.com/show/10610/intel-announces-7th-gen-kaby-lake-14nm-plus-six-notebook-skus-desktop-coming-in-january/4. 
  30. ↑ S, Ian Cutress, Ganesh T. "Intel Announces 7th Gen Kaby Lake: 14nm PLUS, Six Notebook SKUs, Desktop coming in January". https://www.anandtech.com/show/10610/intel-announces-7th-gen-kaby-lake-14nm-plus-six-notebook-skus-desktop-coming-in-january/3. 
  31. ↑ "Intel Lands First Round Of Graphics Work For Linux 4.5, Includes Kaby Lake" (in en). https://www.phoronix.com/news/Intel-DRM-Next-4.5-First. 
  32. ↑ "Kaby Lake is unleashed with Linux kernel 4.10" (in en). https://www.pcworld.com/article/412156/kaby-lake-is-unleashed-with-kernel-410.html. 
  33. ↑ Bright, Peter (January 16, 2016). "Skylake users given 18 months to upgrade to Windows 10". Condé Nast. https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/01/skylake-users-given-18-months-to-upgrade-to-windows-10/. 
  34. ↑ Bott, Ed (January 15, 2016). "Microsoft updates support policy: New CPUs will require Windows 10". CBS Interactive. http://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-updates-support-policy-new-cpus-will-require-windows-10/. 
  35. ↑ "AMD: Sorry, there will be no official Ryzen drivers for Windows 7". IDG. https://www.pcworld.com/article/3167279/computers/amd-sorry-there-will-be-no-official-ryzen-drivers-for-windows-7.html. 
  36. ↑ "Microsoft blocks Kaby Lake and Ryzen PCs from Windows 7, 8 updates". IDG. https://www.pcworld.com/article/3189990/windows/microsoft-blocks-kaby-lake-and-ryzen-pcs-from-windows-7-81-updates.html. 
  37. ↑ "Intel's latest CPUs will only support Windows 10". Future. 31 August 2016. https://www.techradar.com/news/software/operating-systems/intel-s-latest-cpus-will-only-support-windows-10-1327487. 
  38. ↑ Merriman, Chris (19 April 2017). "There's a patch to reinstate Windows 7 & 8.1 on Kaby Lake CPUs". https://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/3008609/theres-a-patch-to-reinstate-windows-7-81-on-kaby-lake-cpus. 
  39. ↑ "Supported Systems" (in en-us). October 4, 2021. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/design/minimum/supported/supported-systems. 
  40. ↑ Goetting, Chris (June 25, 2017). "[Updated Critical Flaw In Intel Skylake And Kaby Lake HyperThreading Discovered Requiring BIOS Microcode Fix"]. https://hothardware.com/news/critical-flaw-in-intel-skylake-and-kaby-lake-hyperthreading-discovered-requiring-bios-microcode-fix. 
  41. ↑ Goetting, Chris (26 June 2017). "[Updated Critical Flaw In Intel Skylake And Kaby Lake HyperThreading Discovered Requiring BIOS Microcode Fix"]. https://hothardware.com/news/critical-flaw-in-intel-skylake-and-kaby-lake-hyperthreading-discovered-requiring-bios-microcode-fix. 
  42. ↑ "Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology for the Intel Pentium M Processor (White Paper)". Intel Corporation. March 2004. https://download.intel.com/design/network/papers/30117401.pdf. 
  43. ↑ Goodhead, Paul (June 10, 2010). "How to Make a CPU - Testing, Packaging and Binning". bit-tech.net. http://www.bit-tech.net/hardware/cpus/2010/06/10/how-to-make-a-cpu-from-sand-to-shelf/4. 
  44. ↑ Hodgin, Richk (July 9, 2009). "From sand to hand: How a CPU is made". Geek.com. http://www.geek.com/chips/from-sand-to-hand-how-a-cpu-is-made-832492/. 
  45. ↑ "Intel 火力集中 Kaby Lake-R，18W 4 + 2 配置 Kaby Lake-H 取消" (in zh-TW). December 26, 2016. https://benchlife.info/intel-cancel-18w-kaby-lake-h-and-use-kaby-lake-r-replace-12262016/. 
  46. ↑ "New 8th Gen Intel Core Processors: Simplifying Today, Opening the Door for What's Next" (in en-US). Intel Newsroom. https://newsroom.intel.com/editorials/new-8th-gen-intel-core-processors-simplifying-today-opening-door-whats-next/. 
  47. ↑ "Intel Core i7-8650U Processor (8M Cache, up to 4.20 GHz) Product Specifications". Intel ARK (Product Specs). https://ark.intel.com/products/124968/Intel-Core-i7-8650U-Processor-8M-Cache-up-to-4_20-GHz. 
  48. ↑ Cutress, Ian (21 August 2017). "Intel Launches 8th Generation Core CPUs". Anandtech. https://www.anandtech.com/show/11738/intel-launches-8th-generation-cpus-starting-with-kaby-lake-refresh-for-15w-mobile. 
  49. ↑ Shrout, Ryan (21 August 2017). "Intel announces 8th Generation Core Processors, starting with 15-watt quad-core Kaby Lake refresh for notebooks". PC Per. https://www.pcper.com/reviews/Graphics-Cards/Intel-announces-8th-Generation-Core-Processors-starting-15-watt-quad-core-Kab. 
  50. ↑ "Hot Chips 30: Intel Kaby Lake G". September 9, 2018. https://fuse.wikichip.org/news/1634/hot-chips-30-intel-kaby-lake-g/. 
  51. ↑ "Intel Core i7-8705G specifications". https://ark.intel.com/compare/130411. 
  52. ↑ Cutress, Ian. "Intel Launches Whiskey Lake-U and Amber Lake-Y: New MacBook CPUs?". https://www.anandtech.com/show/13275/intel-launches-whiskey-lake-amber-lake. 
  53. ↑ "Intel Expands 10th Gen Intel Core Mobile Processor Family, Offering Double Digit Performance Gains" (in en-US). https://newsroom.intel.com/news/intel-expands-10th-gen-intel-core-mobile-processor-family-offering-double-digit-performance-gains/. 
  54. ↑ "Products formerly Amber Lake Y". Intel. https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/codename/186968/amber-lake-y.html. 



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