Astronomy:18 Melpomene

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Short description: Main-belt asteroid
18 Melpomene Melpomene symbol (bold).svg (historical)
18 Melpomene VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf
Discovery
Discovered byJohn Russell Hind
Discovery date24 June 1852
Designations
(18) Melpomene
Pronunciation/mɛlˈpɒmɪniː/[1]
Named afterMelpomenē
Minor planet categoryMain belt
AdjectivesMelpomenean /mɛlpɒmɪˈniːən/[2]
Orbital characteristics[3]
Epoch 13 September 2023
(JD 2453300.5)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}2.797 astronomical unit|AU (418.4 million km)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}1.794 AU (268.4 million km)
2.296 AU (343.5 million km)
Eccentricity0.21839
Orbital period1,270.62 d (3.48 yr)
Mean anomaly0.3995°
Inclination10.132°
Longitude of ascending node150.36°
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}2023-Sep-11
228.15°
Earth MOID0.81 AU (121 million km)
Physical characteristics
Dimensionsc/a = 0.81±0.06[4]
170 × 155 × 129 km[5]
(150×125 km)[6]
(150×170 km)[7]
Mean diameter141±2 km[4]
140.6±2.8 km (IRAS)[3]
Mass(4.5±0.9)×1018 kg[4]
3.0×1018 kg[5]
Mean density3.06±0.62 g/cm3[4]
1.69±0.66 g/cm3[5]
Rotation period0.48221 d (11.57 h)[3][8]
Geometric albedo0.221 (calculated)[4]
0.223[3][9]
S[3]
Apparent magnitude7.5[10] to 12.0
Absolute magnitude (H)6.34[3]
Angular diameter0.23" to 0.059"


Melpomene (minor planet designation: 18 Melpomene) is a large, bright main-belt asteroid that was discovered by J. R. Hind on 24 June 1852,[11] and named after Melpomenē, the Muse of tragedy in Greek mythology. Its historical symbol was a dagger over a star; it is in the pipeline for Unicode 17.0 as U+1CECB 𜻋 (Melpomene symbol (fixed width).svg).[12][13]

Melpomene is classified as an S-type asteroid and is composed of silicates and metals. This asteroid is orbiting the Sun at a distance of 2.296 astronomical unit|AU with a period of 3.48 years and an eccentricity (ovalness) of 0.22. The orbital plane is tilted at an angle of 10.1° to the plane of the ecliptic.[3]

Melpomene occulted the star SAO 114159 on 11 December 1978. A possible Melpomenean satellite with a diameter at least 37 km was detected. The satellite candidate received a provisional designation S/1978 (18) 1.[14] In 1988 a search for satellites or dust orbiting this asteroid was performed using the UH88 telescope at the Mauna Kea Observatories, but the effort came up empty.[15] Melpomene was observed with the Hubble Space Telescope in 1993. It was able to resolve the asteroid's slightly elongated shape, but no satellites were detected.[6]

Melpomene has been studied by radar.[16] Photometric observations during 2012 provided a rotation period of 11.571±0.001 h with a brightness variation of 0.34±0.02 in magnitude, which is consistent with previous studies.[17] It has a mean diameter of 141±2 km.[4][3]

Melpomene can reach an apparent magnitude of +7.9 at a favorable opposition near perihelion, such as occurred in September 2002 when it was 0.814 astronomical unit|AU (121.8 million km; 317 LD) from Earth.[18]

References

  1. ↑ Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
  2. ↑ E.g. Tim Shephard (2014) Echoing Helicon
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 JPL SBDB: 18 Melpomene, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=18, retrieved 2023-09-20 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Vernazza, P. (October 2021). "VLT/SPHERE imaging survey of the largest main-belt asteroids: Final results and synthesis". Astronomy & Astrophysics 54. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141781. A56. Bibcode: 2021A&A...654A..56V. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Jim Baer (2008). "Recent Asteroid Mass Determinations". Personal Website. http://home.earthlink.net/~jimbaer1/astmass.txt. Retrieved 2008-11-27. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Storrs, Alex et al. (1999). "Imaging Observations of Asteroids with Hubble Space Telescope". Icarus 137 (2): 260–268. doi:10.1006/icar.1999.6047. Bibcode: 1999Icar..137..260S. Archived from the original on 30 October 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20081030022816/http://web.media.mit.edu/~win/hstpub.pdf. Retrieved 2008-11-03. 
  7. ↑ Storrs, AlexExpression error: Unrecognized word "etal". (2005). "A closer look at main belt asteroids 1: WF/PC images". Icarus 173 (2): 409–416. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.08.007. Bibcode: 2005Icar..173..409S. Archived from the original on 2012-03-10. https://web.archive.org/web/20120310150819/http://scripts.mit.edu/~paleomag/articles/Storrs_Weiss_2005_Icarus.pdf. Retrieved 2008-11-26. 
  8. ↑ "Lightcurves and Map Data on Numbered Asteroids N° 1 TO 52225". AstroSurf. Archived from the original on 2005-11-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20051127063200/http://www.astrosurf.com/aude-old/map_files/AstVarMAP01-2003.htm. Retrieved 2008-11-03. 
  9. ↑ "Asteroid Data Archive". Planetary Science Institute. http://www.psi.edu/pds/archive/astdata04/simps04/diamalb.tab. Retrieved 2008-11-03. 
  10. ↑ Menzel, Donald H.; Pasachoff, Jay M. (1983). A Field Guide to the Stars and Planets (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin. p. 391. ISBN 0-395-34835-8. https://archive.org/details/fieldguidetostar00menz_0/page/391. 
  11. ↑ "Numbered Minor Planets 1–5000", Discovery Circumstances (IAU Minor Planet center), https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html, retrieved 2013-04-07. 
  12. ↑ Bala, Gavin Jared; Miller, Kirk (18 September 2023). "Unicode request for historical asteroid symbols". Unicode. https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2023/23207-historical-asteroids.pdf. 
  13. ↑ Unicode. "Proposed New Characters: The Pipeline". The Unicode Consortium. https://unicode.org/alloc/Pipeline.html. 
  14. ↑ IAUC 3315: 1978 (18) 1; WZ Sge, Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams, http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/03300/03315.html, retrieved 2011-07-05. 
  15. ↑ Gradie, J.; Flynn, L. (March 1988), "A Search for Satellites and Dust Belts Around Asteroids: Negative Results", Abstracts of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 19: pp. 405–406, Bibcode: 1988LPI....19..405G. 
  16. ↑ Radar-Detected Asteroids and Comets, NASA/JPL Asteroid Radar Research, http://echo.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroids/, retrieved 2011-10-30. 
  17. ↑ Pilcher, Frederick (January 2013). "Lightcurves and Derived Rotation Periods for 18 Melpomene 38 Leda, and 465 Alekto". Bulletin of the Minor Planets Section of the Association of Lunar and Planetary Observers 40 (1): 33. Bibcode: 2013MPBu...40...33P. 
  18. ↑ "Horizons Batch for September 2002". JPL Horizons. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%2718%27&START_TIME=%272002-09-27%27&STOP_TIME=%272002-09-29%27&STEP_SIZE=%271%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%279,19,20,23,29,39%27. Retrieved 2022-11-17. 

External links

vec:Lista de asteroidi#18 Melpòmene



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