Astronomy:1951 Lick

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1951 Lick
Discovery[1]
Discovered byC. A. Wirtanen
Discovery siteLick Obs.
Discovery date26 July 1949
Designations
(1951) Lick
Named afterJames Lick (philanthropist)[2]
1949 OA
Minor planet categoryMars-crosser[1][3][4]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc67.12 yr (24,514 days)
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}1.4760 AU
|{{{apsis}}}|helion}}1.3049 AU
1.3904 AU
Eccentricity0.0616
Orbital period1.64 yr (599 days)
Mean anomaly221.32°
Mean motion0° 36m 3.96s / day
Inclination39.091°
Longitude of ascending node130.75°
140.52°
Earth MOID0.3068 AU · 119.5 LD
Physical characteristics
Dimensions5.57±0.5 km (IRAS:3)[5]
5.59 km (derived)[4]
Rotation period4.424±0.006 h[6]
5.2974±0.0004 h[7]
5.3008±0.0024 h[lower-alpha 1]
5.3016±0.0020 h[lower-alpha 2]
5.317±0.001 h[8]
Geometric albedo0.0895±0.020 (IRAS:3)[5]
0.1028 (derived)[4]
SMASS = A[1] · A[4][6]
Absolute magnitude (H)14.20±0.2[lower-alpha 2] · 14.2[1] · 14.35±0.2[9] · 14.35[4] · 14.5±0.2[6] · 14.51[5]


1951 Lick, provisional designation 1949 OA, is a rare-type asteroid and Mars-crosser, approximately 5.6 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 26 July 1949, by American astronomer Carl Wirtanen at Lick Observatory on the summit of Mount Hamilton, California, and named for American philanthropist James Lick.[2][3]

Orbit

The asteroid orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.3–1.5 AU once every 20 months (599 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.06 and an inclination of 39° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] Lick's observation arc begins with its discovery observation, as no precoveries were taken, and no prior identifications were made.[3]

Physical characteristics

Spectral type

In the SMASS taxonomic scheme, Lick's spectral type is that of a rare A-type asteroid with a surface consisting of almost pure olivine.[10] As of 2016, only 17 minor planets of this type are known.[11]

Rotation period

In July 2008, a rotational lightcurve was obtained from photometric by astronomer Brian D. Warner at his Palmer Divide Observatory in Colorado, United States. It gave a well-defined rotation period of 5.2974 hours with a brightness variation of 0.25 in magnitude ({{{1}}}).[7] Several lightcurves with a lower or unassessed quality have been obtained by astronomers Wiesław Z. Wiśniewski and Petr Pravec in the 1980s and 1990s.[6][lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2] The most recent observation by Michael Lucas in February 2011, gave a period of 5.317 hours with an amplitude of 0.33 magnitude ({{{1}}}).[8]

Diameter and albedo

According to 3 observations taken by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, Lick measures 5.57 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.09.[5] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link agrees with the results obtained by IRAS and derives an albedo of 0.10 and a diameter of 5.59 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 14.35.[4]

Naming

Lick was named in honor of James Lick (1796–1876), American philanthropist and the founder of the discovering Lick Observatory of the University of California. He is also honored by a lunar crater Lick.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1976 (M.P.C. 3938).[12]

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Summary figures for (1951) Lick: rotation period 5.3008±0.0024 hours (Pravec-1998web) at Light Curve Database
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Summary figures for(1951) Lick: rotation period 5.3016 hours (Pravec-1997web) at Light Curve Database

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1951 Lick (1949 OA)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001951. Retrieved 2 July 2017. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1951) Lick". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1951) Lick. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 156–157. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1952. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "1951 Lick (1949 OA)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1951. Retrieved 9 December 2016. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "LCDB Data for (1951) Lick". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1951%7CLick. Retrieved 9 December 2016. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode: 2004PDSS...12.....T. https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab. Retrieved 17 October 2019. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Wisniewski, W. Z.; Michalowski, T. M.; Harris, A. W.; McMillan, R. S. (March 1995). "Photoelectric Observations of 125 Asteroids". Abstracts of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 26: 1511. Bibcode: 1995LPI....26.1511W. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Warner, Brian D. (January 2009). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory: 2008 May - September". The Minor Planet Bulletin 36 (1): 7–13. ISSN 1052-8091. Bibcode: 2009MPBu...36....7W. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Lucas, Michael P.; Ryan, Jeffrey G.; Fauerbach, Michael; Grasso, Salvatore (October 2011). "Lightcurve Analysis of Five Taxonomic A-class Asteroids". The Minor Planet Bulletin 38 (4): 218–220. ISSN 1052-8091. Bibcode: 2011MPBu...38..218L. 
  9. ↑ Pravec, Petr; Harris, Alan W.; Kusnirák, Peter; Galád, Adrián; Hornoch, Kamil (September 2012). "Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations". Icarus 221 (1): 365–387. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026. Bibcode: 2012Icar..221..365P. 
  10. ↑ de León, J.; Duffard, R.; Licandro, J.; Lazzaro, D. (July 2004). "Mineralogical characterization of A-type asteroid (1951) Lick". Astronomy and Astrophysics 422 (3): L59–L62. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20048009. Bibcode: 2004A&A...422L..59D. http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2004/30/aagd221.pdf. Retrieved 9 December 2016. 
  11. ↑ "JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: spec. type = A (SMASSII)". JPL Solar System Dynamics. http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb_query.cgi?obj_group=all;obj_kind=all;obj_numbered=all;OBJ_field=0;ORB_field=0;c1_group=OBJ;c1_item=Ax;c1_op=%3D;c1_value=A;table_format=HTML;max_rows=50;format_option=comp;c_fields=AcBhBgBjBiBnBsAiAx;.cgifields=format_option;.cgifields=obj_kind;.cgifields=obj_group;.cgifields=obj_numbered;.cgifields=ast_orbit_class;.cgifields=table_format;.cgifields=com_orbit_class&query=1&c_sort=AcA. Retrieved 7 November 2015. 
  12. ↑ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2009). "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7. Bibcode: 2009dmpn.book.....S. https://cds.cern.ch/record/1339661. 

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