Astronomy:Coma I

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Short description: Galaxy cluster in constellation Coma Berenices
Coma I Group
NGC 4414 (NASA-med).jpg
NGC 4414, a flocculent spiral galaxy in the Coma I Group
Observation data (Epoch J2000)
Constellation(s)Coma Berenices & Ursa Major
Right ascension 12h 22m 19.4s[1][2]
Declination29° 53′ 47″[1][2]
Brightest memberNGC 4725[3]
Number of galaxies22–34[3][4][2][5][6]
Velocity dispersion307 km/s[7]
Redshift0.002418 (724 km/s)[1]
Distance
(co-moving)		14.52 Mpc (47.4 Mly)[7]
Binding mass2.5×1012 [3] M☉
X-ray luminosity1.6×1043 erg/s [8]
Other designations
Coma I Group,[9] NGC 4274 Group,[1] NGC 4062 Group, NGC 4565 Group, NGC 4631 Group, LGG 279, LGG 291, LGG 294[4] NBGG 14-01,[1][5] NBGG 14-02, NBGG 14 -2 +1,[9][5] NGC 4203 Group, NOGG H 611, NOGG P1 631, NOGG P2 642, NOGG P2 641[2]
See also: Galaxy group, Galaxy cluster, List of galaxy groups and clusters

The Coma I Group is a group of galaxies[3][1] located about 14.5 Mpc (47.3 Mly)[7] away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The brightest member of the group is NGC 4725. The Coma I Group is rich in spiral galaxies while containing few elliptical and lenticular galaxies. Coma I lies in the foreground of the more distant Coma and Leo clusters and is located within the Virgo Supercluster.[3]

The Coma I Group is currently infalling into the Virgo Cluster and will eventually merge with it.[10]

Structure

The Coma I Group appears to consist of two main subgroups, a denser subgroup centered on NGC 4274[11] and NGC 4278, and looser one surrounding NGC 4565 as suggested by De Vaucouleurs.[12] However, Gregory and Thompson (1977) found no clear evidence for two distinct subgroups in Coma I. They noted a slight density enhancement around NGC 4274 with the rest of the members of Coma I uniformly distributed to the southeast of this density enhancement. They also noted a central bar-like structure with a minor axis of 0.9 Mpc (2.9 Mly) and a major axis of 2.3 Mpc (7.5 Mly).[3] P. Fouque et al. and A. M. Garcia et al. both list the Coma I group consisting of two subgroups centered on NGC 4274 and NGC 4565.[6][4] Additionally, Gibson et al. suggests that another association, the Coma II Group which is centered on NGC 4725 is associated with the Coma I Group.[9] In 2000, Ferrarese et al. defined the Coma II Group as containing 5 galaxies, namely NGC 4494, NGC 4562, NGC 4565, NGC 4725, and NGC 4747. Also, it was found that these 5 galaxies which make up the Coma II Group have radial velocities in the narrow range of 1190 to 1395 km/s which is larger than the range of galaxies that are part of the Coma I group which have ranges of 600 to 1000 km/s.[13]

The nearby NGC 4631 Group is sometimes listed in some catalogs as being part of the Coma I Group,[4][2][14] while other catalogs list the group as being separate from the Coma I Group.[5][6]

Members

The table below lists galaxies that have been commonly and consistently identified as group members in the Nearby Galaxies Catalog,[5] the survey of Fouque et al.,[6] the Lyons Groups of Galaxies (LGG) Catalog,[4] and the three group lists created from the Nearby Optical Galaxy sample of Giuricin et al.[2]

Members of the Coma I Group
Name Type[15] R.A. (J2000)[15] Dec. (J2000)[15] Redshift (km/s)[15] Apparent Magnitude[15]
NGC 4020 SBd?  11h 58m 56.7s +30° 24′ 43″ 760 13.1
NGC 4062 SA(s)c  12h 04m 03.8s +31° 53′ 45″ 758 12.5
NGC 4136 SAB(r)c  12h 09m 17.7s +29° 55′ 39″ 609 11.69
NGC 4173 SBd  12h 12m 21.4s +29° 12′ 25″ 1127 13.59
NGC 4203 SAB0^-?  12h 15m 05.0s +33° 11′ 50″ 1086 11.8
NGC 4245 SB0/a?(r)  12h 17m 36.8s +29° 36′ 29″ 884 12.31
NGC 4251 SB0?  12h 18m 08.2s +28° 10′ 31″ 1066 11.58
NGC 4274 (R)SB(r)ab  12h 19m 50.6s +29° 36′ 52″ 930 11.34
NGC 4278 E1-2  12h 20m 06.8s +29° 16′ 51″ 620 11.20
NGC 4283 E0  12h 20m 20.8s +29° 18′ 39″ 1056 13.10
NGC 4310 (NGC 4338) (R')SAB0^+(r)?  12h 22m 26.3s +29° 12′ 33″ 913 13.22
NGC 4314 SB(rs)a  12h 22m 31.8s +29° 53′ 45″ 963 11.43
NGC 4359 SB(rs)c?  12h 24m 11.2s +31° 31′ 19″ 1253 13.6
NGC 4393 SABd  12h 25m 51.2s +27° 33′ 42″ 755 12.7
NGC 4414 SA(rs)c?  12h 26m 27.1s +31° 13′ 25″ 716 10.96
NGC 4448 SB(r)ab  12h 28m 15.4s +28° 37′ 13″ 661 12.00
NGC 4494 E1-2  12h 31m 24.1s +25° 46′ 31″ 1342 10.71
NGC 4525 Scd?  12h 33m 51.1s +30° 16′ 39″ 1172 13.4
NGC 4559 SAB(rs)cd  12h 35m 57.6s +27° 57′ 36″ 807 10.46
NGC 4562 SB(s)dm?  12h 35m 34.8s +25° 51′ 00″ 1353 13.9
NGC 4565 SA(s)b?  12h 36m 20.8s +25° 59′ 16″ 1230 10.42
NGC 4725 SAB(r)ab pec  12h 50m 26.6s +25° 30′ 03″ 1206 10.11
NGC 4747 SBcd? pec  12h 51m 45.9s +25° 46′ 37″ 1190 12.96

Other possible member galaxies (galaxies listed in only one or two of the lists from the above references) include IC 3215, IC 3247, MCG 5-29- 66, NGC 4080, NGC 4150, NGC 4308, NGC 4455, NGC 4509, NGC 4534, NGC 4627, NGC 4631, NGC 4656, NGC 4670, UGC 6900, UGC 7007, UGC 7300, UGC 7428, UGC 7438, UGC 7673, UGC 7916 and UGCA 294.

Nearby groups

The center of the Virgo Cluster (M87) lies about 3.6 Mpc (11.7 Mly) from the Coma I Group.[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "Coma I Group". http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=Coma+I+Group&submit=submit+id. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 G. Giuricin; C. Marinoni; L. Ceriani; A. Pisani (2000). "Nearby Optical Galaxies: Selection of the Sample and Identification of Groups". Astrophysical Journal 543 (1): 178–194. doi:10.1086/317070. Bibcode: 2000ApJ...543..178G. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Gregory, Stephen A.; Thompson, Laird A. (April 1977). "The Coma i Galaxy Cloud" (in en). The Astrophysical Journal 213: 345–350. doi:10.1086/155160. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 1977ApJ...213..345G. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 A. Garcia (1993). "General study of group membership. II – Determination of nearby groups". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement 100: 47–90. Bibcode: 1993A&AS..100...47G. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 R. B. Tully (1988). Nearby Galaxies Catalog. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-35299-1. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 P. Fouque; E. Gourgoulhon; P. Chamaraux; G. Paturel (1992). "Groups of galaxies within 80 Mpc. II - The catalogue of groups and group members". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement 93: 211–233. Bibcode: 1992A&AS...93..211F. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Boselli, A.; Gavazzi, G. (2009-10-21). "The HI properties of galaxies in the Coma I cloud revisited" (in en). Astronomy & Astrophysics 508 (1): 201–207. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912658. ISSN 0004-6361. Bibcode: 2009A&A...508..201B. http://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200912658. 
  8. ↑ Garcia-Barreto, J. A.; Downes, D.; Huchtmeier, W. K. (August 1994). "H I deficiency in the Coma I cloud of galaxies". Astronomy and Astrophysics 288: 705–712. Bibcode: 1994A&A...288..705G. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1994A%26A...288..705G&data_type=PDF_HIGH&whole_paper=YES&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Gibson, Brad K.; Hughes, Shaun M. G.; Stetson, Peter B.; Freedman, Wendy L.; Robert C. Kennicutt, Jr.; Mould, Jeremy R.; Bresolin, Fabio; Ferrarese, Laura et al. (1999). "The Hubble Space Telescope Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale. XVII. The Cepheid Distance to NGC 4725" (in en). The Astrophysical Journal 512 (1): 48. doi:10.1086/306762. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 1999ApJ...512...48G. http://stacks.iop.org/0004-637X/512/i=1/a=48. 
  10. ↑ Tully, R. B.; Shaya, E. J. (June 1984). "Infall of galaxies into the Virgo cluster and some cosmological constraints" (in en). The Astrophysical Journal 281: 31–55. doi:10.1086/162073. ISSN 0004-637X. Bibcode: 1984ApJ...281...31T. 
  11. ↑ "Nearby Groups of Galaxies". http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Dev2/frames.html. 
  12. ↑ Forbes, Duncan A. (October 1996). "Globular Cluster Luminosity Functions and the Hubble Constant From WFPC Imaging: Galaxies in the Coma I Cloud" (in en). The Astronomical Journal 112: 1409. doi:10.1086/118108. ISSN 0004-6256. Bibcode: 1996AJ....112.1409F. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?1996AJ....112.1409F. 
  13. ↑ Ferrarese, Laura; Ford, Holland C.; Huchra, John; Kennicutt, Robert C. Jr.; Mould, Jeremy R.; Sakai, Shoko; Freedman, Wendy L.; Stetson, Peter B. et al. (2000-06-01). "A Database of Cepheid Distance Moduli and Tip of the Red Giant Branch, Globular Cluster Luminosity Function, Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function, and Surface Brightness Fluctuation Data Useful for Distance Determinations". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 128 (2): 431–459. doi:10.1086/313391. ISSN 0067-0049. Bibcode: 2000ApJS..128..431F. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000ApJS..128..431F. 
  14. ↑ Makarov, Dmitry; Karachentsev, Igor (2010-11-29). "Galaxy groups and clouds in the Local (z~0.01) universe" (in en). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 412 (4): 2498–2520. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18071.x. Bibcode: 2011MNRAS.412.2498M. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for various galaxies. http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/. 



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