Astronomy:HD 74438
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Short description: Quadruple star system in the constellation Ursa Major
| Observation data Equinox J2000.0]] (ICRS) | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Vela |
| Right ascension | 08h 41m 46.5806s[1] |
| Declination | −52° 03′ 44.996″[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | +7.59 (8.2/8.2/9.4/9.4)[2] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | A2mA5-A8[3] |
| Astrometry | |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: −17.745[1] mas/yr Dec.: +17.056[1] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 6.9075 ± 0.0755[1] mas |
| Distance | 472 ± 5 ly (145 ± 2 pc) |
| Orbit[4] | |
| Primary | AB |
| Companion | CD |
| Period (P) | 2,074.2±3.5 days |
| Semi-major axis (a) | 5.54±0.04 au |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.458±0.015 |
| Inclination (i) | 73.2 or 106.8° |
| Semi-amplitude (K1) (primary) | 12.8±0.3 km/s |
| Semi-amplitude (K2) (secondary) | 18.5±0.4 km/s |
| Orbit[4] | |
| Primary | A |
| Companion | B |
| Period (P) | 20.5729±0.0003 days |
| Semi-major axis (a) | 0.215±0.002 au |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.3692±0.0001 |
| Inclination (i) | 52.5 or 127.5° |
| Semi-amplitude (K1) (primary) | 45.81±0.09 km/s |
| Semi-amplitude (K2) (secondary) | 50.77±0.09 km/s |
| Orbit[4] | |
| Primary | C |
| Companion | D |
| Period (P) | 4.4243±0.0001 days |
| Semi-major axis (a) | 0.0681±0.001 au |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.1535±0.0003 |
| Inclination (i) | 84.0 or 96.0° |
| Semi-amplitude (K1) (primary) | 45.81±0.09 km/s |
| Semi-amplitude (K2) (secondary) | 50.77±0.09 km/s |
| Details[4] | |
| A | |
| Mass | 1.70±0.06 M☉ |
| Radius | 1.46±0.15 R☉ |
| Luminosity | 8.87±1.40 L☉ |
| Temperature | 8,250±250 K |
| B | |
| Mass | 1.54±0.06 M☉ |
| Radius | 1.42±0.15 R☉ |
| Luminosity | 5.72±0.95 L☉ |
| Temperature | 7,500±250 K |
| C | |
| Mass | 0.96±0.14 M☉ |
| Radius | 0.84±0.36 R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.64±0.51 L☉ |
| Temperature | 5,625±410 K |
| D | |
| Mass | 0.87±0.14 M☉ |
| Radius | 0.80±0.29 R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.48±0.32 L☉ |
| Temperature | 5,375±410 K |
| Other designations | |
HD 74438, CD−52°2497, SAO 236190 | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
HD 74438 is a spectroscopic quadruple stellar system composed of a pair of double star systems approximately 425 light years from Earth, located in open cluster IC 2391.[5][6] With an estimated age of 43+15
−7 million years,[4] HD 74438 is the youngest quadruple star system known.[7] The outer orbital period of the system, estimated at around 5.7 years, is also among the shortest of quadruple systems.[4][7]
The HD 74438 system was confirmed to be a gravitationally bound quadruple system in 2017 from data collected in the Gaia-ESO Survey.[5] In a paper published in 2022, HD 74438 was identified as a possible progenitor of a sub-Chandrasekhar Type Ia supernova.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Brown, A. G. A. (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics 649: A1. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. Bibcode: 2021A&A...649A...1G. Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- ↑ Tokovinin, Andrei (2018-03-01). "The Updated Multiple Star Catalog". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 235 (1): 6. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aaa1a5. ISSN 0067-0049. Bibcode: 2018ApJS..235....6T.
- ↑ Houk, Nancy (1978). Michigan catalogue of two-dimensional spectral types for the HD stars. 2. Ann Arbor: Dept. Of Astronomy, University of Michigan. Bibcode: 1978mcts.book.....H.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Merle, Thibault; Hamers, Adrian S.; Van Eck, Sophie; Jorissen, Alain; Van der Swaelmen, Mathieu; Pollard, Karen; Smiljanic, Rodolfo; Pourbaix, Dimitri et al. (12 May 2022). "A spectroscopic quadruple as a possible progenitor of sub-Chandrasekhar type Ia supernovae". Nature Astronomy 6 (6): 681–688. doi:10.1038/s41550-022-01664-5. Bibcode: 2022NatAs...6..681M.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Merle, T.Expression error: Unrecognized word "et". (2017). "The Gaia-ESO Survey: double-, triple-, and quadruple-line spectroscopic binary candidates". Astronomy & Astrophysics 608 (A95): A95. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201730442. Bibcode: 2017A&A...608A..95M.
- ↑ Platais, I.; Melo, C.; Mermilliod, J.-C.; Kozhurina-Platais, V.; Fulbright, J. P.; Méndez, R. A.; Altmann, M.; Sperauskas, J. (January 2007). "WIYN open cluster study: XXVI. Improved kinematic membership and spectroscopy of IC 2391". Astronomy & Astrophysics 461 (2): 509–522. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065756. Bibcode: 2007A&A...461..509P.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Plait, Phil (26 May 2022). "A weird four-star system may lead the way to catastrophic supernovae". https://www.syfy.com/syfy-wire/bad-astronomy-quaternary-star-hd-74438-stars-explode.
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